สังฆราช
Thai edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From สังฆ (sǎng-ká-, “clergy”) + ราช (râat, “king; male chief, head, or leader”); ultimately from Pali saṅgharāja (“pontiff”), from saṅgha (“clergy”) + rāja (“monarch”), possibly via Old Khmer saṅgharāja (“head of a (Buddhist) congregation”). Compare Modern Khmer សង្ឃរាជ (sɑɑngkhɔɔriəc).
Pronunciation edit
| Orthographic | สังฆราช s ạ ŋ gʰ r ā d͡ʑ | |
| Phonemic | สัง-คะ-ราด s ạ ŋ – g a – r ā ɗ | |
| Romanization | Paiboon | sǎng-ká-râat |
| Royal Institute | sang-kha-rat | |
| (standard) IPA(key) | /saŋ˩˩˦.kʰa˦˥.raːt̚˥˩/(R) | |
Noun edit
สังฆราช • (sǎng-ká-râat) (classifier รูป or องค์)
- (Buddhism)
- (Roman Catholicism) (พระ~) bishop.
- (พระ~) chief priest; high priest; hierarch; patriarch.
Usage notes edit
In regards to the Buddhist clergy of Thailand, the present term refers to a supreme patriarch who is a commoner. If he is a royal person, the term สังฆราชเจ้า is used instead.
Synonyms edit
bishop