ṯz

See also: tz, .tz, and TZ

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃɛz/
  • Conventional anglicization: tjez

Noun

 m

1. vertebra
2. (by extension) spine

Inflection

Declension of ṯz (masculine)

singular	ṯz
dual	ṯzwj
plural	ṯzw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ṯz  

ṯz	ṯz	ṯz	ṯz

Derived terms

• ṯzw bksw (“spine”)

Noun

 m

1. neck

Inflection

Declension of ṯz (masculine)

singular	ṯz
dual	ṯzwj
plural	ṯzw

Noun

 m

1. support

Inflection

Declension of ṯz (masculine)

singular	ṯz
dual	ṯzwj
plural	ṯzw

Noun

 m

1. sand dune
2. (by extension) drought

Inflection

Declension of ṯz (masculine)

singular	ṯz
dual	ṯzwj
plural	ṯzw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ṯz  

ṯz

Noun

 m

1. sentence

Inflection

Declension of ṯz (masculine)

singular	ṯz
dual	ṯzwj
plural	ṯzw

Derived terms

• ṯz-pẖr

Verb

 2-lit. or 3-lit.

1. (transitive) to tie, to knot
2. (transitive) to weave
3. (transitive) to join or put together
   • c. 2112–2063 BCE (reign of Intef II), Funerary stele of Rediu-Khnum from his tomb at Dendera (UE 6) (Cairo CG 20543), line A13–A14:

     srwd.n(.j) gmt.n(.j) wzṯ(.w) ṯz.n(.j) gmt.n(.j) fdq(.w) mḥ.n(.j) gmt.n(.j) jꜣṯ(.w)

     I made firm what I found dilapidated; I joined together what I found cut apart; I replenished what I found injured.

4. (transitive) to build
5. (transitive) to organise or marshal, especially of troops
6. (transitive) to levy (troops or laborers)
7. (intransitive) to clot, to coagulate

Inflection

Conjugation of ṯz (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: ṯz, geminated stem: ṯzz

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural ṯz ṯzw, ṯz ṯzt ṯz, j.ṯz ṯz, j.ṯz ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 ṯz ḥr ṯz m ṯz r ṯz suffix conjugation aspect / mood active passive contingent aspect / mood active passive perfect ṯz.n ṯzw, ṯz consecutive ṯz.jn active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 terminative ṯzt perfective3 ṯz active + .tj1, .tw2 obligative1 ṯz.ḫr active + .tj1, .tw2 imperfective ṯz, j.ṯz1 active + .tj1, .tw2 prospective3 ṯz ṯzz potentialis1 ṯz.kꜣ active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 subjunctive ṯz, j.ṯz1 active + .tj1, .tw2 verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active passive active passive perfect ṯz.n active + .tj1, .tw2 — — perfective ṯz active + .tj1, .tw2 ṯz ṯzz, ṯzzj6, ṯz2, ṯzw2 5, ṯzy2 5 imperfective j.ṯz1, ṯz, ṯzy, ṯzw5 active + .tj1, .tw2 j.ṯz1, j.ṯzw1 5, ṯz, ṯzj6, ṯzy6 ṯz, ṯzw5 prospective ṯz, ṯztj7 — ṯztj4, ṯzt4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine.

Some authors such as Allen read this word as ṯꜣz rather than ṯz, regarding as a triliteral sign, and so consider this verb a strong triliteral:

Conjugation of ṯꜣz (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ṯꜣz, geminated stem: ṯꜣzz

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural ṯꜣz ṯꜣzw, ṯꜣz ṯꜣzt ṯꜣz ṯꜣz ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 ṯꜣz ḥr ṯꜣz m ṯꜣz r ṯꜣz suffix conjugation aspect / mood active passive contingent aspect / mood active passive perfect ṯꜣz.n ṯꜣzw, ṯꜣz consecutive ṯꜣz.jn active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 terminative ṯꜣzt perfective3 ṯꜣz active + .tj1, .tw2 obligative1 ṯꜣz.ḫr active + .tj1, .tw2 imperfective ṯꜣz active + .tj1, .tw2 prospective3 ṯꜣz ṯꜣzz potentialis1 ṯꜣz.kꜣ active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 subjunctive ṯꜣz active + .tj1, .tw2 verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active passive active passive perfect ṯꜣz.n active + .tj1, .tw2 — — perfective ṯꜣz active + .tj1, .tw2 ṯꜣz ṯꜣz, ṯꜣzw5, ṯꜣzy5 imperfective ṯꜣz, ṯꜣzy, ṯꜣzw5 active + .tj1, .tw2 ṯꜣz, ṯꜣzj6, ṯꜣzy6 ṯꜣz, ṯꜣzw5 prospective ṯꜣz, ṯꜣztj7 — ṯꜣztj4, ṯꜣzt4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ṯz  

ṯz	ṯz	ṯz	ṯz

Derived terms

• wḥꜥ ṯzzt (“resolve, untie”)

Descendants

• Bohairic Coptic: ϭⲱⲥ (cōs)
• Sahidic Coptic: ϫⲱⲥ (čōs)

References

• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, pages 307–308
• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 132, 184, 292.