coagulate

English

WOTD – 9 July 2010

Etymology 1

From Middle English coagulaten (“(of blood) to clot or, make blood coagulate; (of tissue) to consolidate”), from coagulat(e) (“coagulated; (blood) clotted; (milk) curdled; (humor) thickened, viscous; (material) solidified, cohesive; (wine) boiled down, reduced”, also used as the past participle of coagulaten) +‎ -en (verb-forming suffix), borrowed from Latin coāgulātus, the perfect passive participle of coāgulō (“to curdle, coagulate”), from coāgulum (“a means of curdling, rennet”), from cōgō (“bring together, gather, collect”) + -ulum (forms instrument nouns), from co- (“together”) + agō (“do, make, drive”). Doublet of quail. Displaced native Middle English irennen, from Old English ġerinnan, but not native curdle.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /kəʊˈæɡ.jʊ.leɪt/
• (US) IPA^(key): /koʊˈæɡ.jə.leɪt/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Audio (General Australian):

  (file)

Verb

coagulate (third-person singular simple present coagulates, present participle coagulating, simple past and past participle coagulated)

1. (intransitive) To become congealed; to convert from a liquid to a semisolid mass.

   In cheese making, milk coagulates into curds that become cheese.

2. (transitive) To cause to congeal.

   Rennet coagulates milk; heat coagulates the white of an egg.

Antonyms

• dissolve, melt

Derived terms

• anticoagulate
• coagulable
• coagulant
• coagulation
• coagulative
• coagulator
• coagulatory
• coagulin
• coagulopathy
• electrocoagulate
• hemocoagulase
• photocoagulate
• recoagulate
• thermocoagulate
• uncoagulating

Related terms

• coagulum
• cache
• cogent
• squat

Translations

become congealed

• Albanian: mpiks (sq),
• Arabic: تَجَلَّطَ (tajallaṭa), تَخَثَّرَ (taḵaṯṯara)

  Hijazi Arabic: اَتْجَلَّط (atjallaṭ), اَتْخَثَّر (atḵaṯṯar, atḵattar)

• Bulgarian: съсирвам се (sǎsirvam se), коагулирам (bg) (koaguliram)
• Catalan: quallar (ca), coagular-se (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 凝結 / 凝结 (zh) (níngjié), 凝固 (zh) (nínggù)

• Danish: størkne, koagulere, stivne
• Dutch: stollen (nl), coaguleren (nl)
• Esperanto: koaguliĝi
• Finnish: hyytyä (fi), saostua, koaguloitua
• French: se coaguler (fr), coaguler (fr)
• Galician: callar (gl), trallar (gl)
• German: koagulieren (de), gerinnen (de)
• Hawaiian: please add this translation if you can
• Hungarian: kicsapódik (hu)
• Irish: téacht
• Italian: coagularsi
• Japanese: 凝固する (ja) (ぎょうこする, gyōko-suru)
• Khmer: កក (km) (kɑɑk)
• Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: مەیین (meyîn)

  Northern Kurdish: meyîn (ku), mehîn (ku)

• Manx: çhiu (blood), glub (milk)
• Maori: tepe, tetepe, whakatotoka
• Norwegian: koagulere
• Occitan: se coagular (oc)
• Ottoman Turkish: پختیلانمق (pıhtılanmak)
• Romanian: se coagula, se închega
• Russian: сгуща́ться (ru) (sguščátʹsja), свёртываться (ru) (svjórtyvatʹsja)
• Scots: yirn
• Scottish Gaelic: plumaich, binndich
• Slovak: zraziť sa, zrážať sa, koagulovať
• Spanish: coagularse (es), cuajarse (es)
• Swedish: koagulera (sv), levras (sv) (of blood)
• Ukrainian: згортатися impf (zhortatysja), згорнутися pf (zhornutysja)
• Welsh: ceulo (cy)

cause to congeal

• Bulgarian: съсирвам (bg) (sǎsirvam)
• Catalan: coagular (ca), quallar (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 使凝結 / 使凝结 (zh) (shǐ níngjié), 使凝固 (zh) (shǐ nínggù)

• Danish: koagulere (rare)
• Dutch: stollen (nl), coaguleren (nl)
• Esperanto: koaguli
• Finnish: hyydyttää, saostaa, koaguloida (fi)
• French: coaguler (fr)
• German: zum Gerinnen bringen
• Greek: συμπηγνύω (el) (sympignýo)
• Hawaiian: please add this translation if you can
• Irish: téacht
• Italian: coagulare (it)
• Japanese: 凝固させる (ja) (ぎょうこさせる, gyōko-saseru)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: meyandin (ku)

• Manx: çhiu (blood), glub (milk)
• Maori: whakatoka
• Occitan: coagular (oc)
• Romanian: coagula (ro), închega (ro)
• Russian: сгуща́ть (ru) (sguščátʹ), свёртывать (ru) (svjórtyvatʹ), (special) коагули́ровать (ru) (koagulírovatʹ)
• Scots: yirn
• Scottish Gaelic: plumaich, binndich
• Slovak: zraziť, zrážať, koagulovať
• Spanish: coagular (es), cuajar (es)
• Welsh: ceulo (cy)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• French: ^{(please verify)} coaguler (fr), ^{(please verify)} cailler (fr), ^{(please verify)} thromboser (fr)
• Italian: ^{(please verify)} coagulare (it), ^{(please verify)} cagliare (it)
• Korean: ^{(please verify)} 엉기다 (eonggida), (transitive) ^{(please verify)} 얼리다 (ko) (eollida)
• Norman: ^{(please verify)} fidgi (Jersey)
• Swedish: ^{(please verify)} koagulera (sv), ^{(please verify)} levra (sv), ^{(please verify)} stelna (sv)

Etymology 2

From Middle English coagulat(e) (“coagulated; (blood) clotted; (milk) curdled; (humor) thickened, viscous; (material) solidified, cohesive; (wine) boiled down, reduced”), also used as the past participle of coagulaten and of coagulate in Early Modern English, see -ate (adjective-forming suffix) and Etymology 1 for more.

Adjective

coagulate (not comparable)

1. (obsolete) Coagulated.
   • '
     c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii], line 460:

     roasted in wrath and fire, / And thus o'er-sized with coagulate gore,

Etymology 3

From New Latin coāgulātum, substantivized from the nominative neuter singular of coāgulātus, see -ate (noun-forming suffix) and Etymology 1 for more.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /kəʊˈæɡ.jʊ.lət/
• (US) IPA^(key): /koʊˈæɡ.jə.lət/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

Noun

coagulate (plural coagulates)

1. A mass formed by means of coagulation.

Translations

mass formed by means of coagulation

• Dutch: coagulaat
• Finnish: hyytelö (fi), hyytymä (fi), saos, saostuma (fi)
• French: caillot (fr), coagulat, thrombus (fr)
• Italian: coagulo (it), grumo (it)
• Russian: сгу́сток (ru) (sgústok), (special, chemistry) коагуля́т (ru) (koagulját)
• Slovak: zrazenina, koagulát
• Spanish: cuajarón (es), coágulo (es)

References

• “coagulate”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “coagulate”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
• “coagulate”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

Anagrams

• catalogue

Italian

Etymology 1

Verb

coagulate

1. inflection of coagulare:
   1. second-person plural present indicative
   2. second-person plural imperative

Etymology 2

Participle

coagulate f pl

1. feminine plural of coagulato

Latin

Verb

coāgulāte

1. second-person plural present active imperative of coāgulō

Spanish

Verb

coagulate

1. second-person singular voseo imperative of coagular combined with te