ἰσχνός

See also: ισχνός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

A cognate u-stem has been assumed in Avestan 𐬵𐬌𐬱𐬐𐬎 (hišku, “dry”), in Welsh hysb (“dry”) and Middle Irish sesc (“dry”). These are derived from Proto-Indo-European *seyk- (“to wither”), found also in Latin siccus (“dry”). For this adjective, an ad hoc base form *si-sk-sno- has been assumed. From the same root are ἰσχαλέος (iskhaléos, “dry, barren”) and ἰσχάς (iskhás, “dried fig”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /is.kʰnós/ → /isˈxnos/ → /isˈxnos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /is.kʰnós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /isˈkʰnos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /isˈxnos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /isˈxnos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /isˈxnos/

Adjective

ἰσχνός • (iskhnós) m (feminine ἰσχνή, neuter ἰσχνόν); first/second declension

1. dry, withered, shriveled

   Synonym: ῥῡσός (rhūsós)

2. thin, lean, meager

   Synonym: σπῐνός (spinós)

3. weak, feeble
4. (of a swelling) reduced
5. (of clothing materials) light, thin
6. (of style) spare, plain, unadorned

Inflection

First and second declension of ἰσχνός; ἰσχνή; ἰσχνόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ἰσχνός iskhnós	ἰσχνή iskhnḗ	ἰσχνόν iskhnón		ἰσχνώ iskhnṓ	ἰσχνᾱ́ iskhnā́	ἰσχνώ iskhnṓ		ἰσχνοί iskhnoí	ἰσχναί iskhnaí	ἰσχνᾰ́ iskhná
Genitive		ἰσχνοῦ iskhnoû	ἰσχνῆς iskhnês	ἰσχνοῦ iskhnoû		ἰσχνοῖν iskhnoîn	ἰσχναῖν iskhnaîn	ἰσχνοῖν iskhnoîn		ἰσχνῶν iskhnôn	ἰσχνῶν iskhnôn	ἰσχνῶν iskhnôn
Dative		ἰσχνῷ iskhnôi	ἰσχνῇ iskhnêi	ἰσχνῷ iskhnôi		ἰσχνοῖν iskhnoîn	ἰσχναῖν iskhnaîn	ἰσχνοῖν iskhnoîn		ἰσχνοῖς iskhnoîs	ἰσχναῖς iskhnaîs	ἰσχνοῖς iskhnoîs
Accusative		ἰσχνόν iskhnón	ἰσχνήν iskhnḗn	ἰσχνόν iskhnón		ἰσχνώ iskhnṓ	ἰσχνᾱ́ iskhnā́	ἰσχνώ iskhnṓ		ἰσχνούς iskhnoús	ἰσχνᾱ́ς iskhnā́s	ἰσχνᾰ́ iskhná
Vocative		ἰσχνέ iskhné	ἰσχνή iskhnḗ	ἰσχνόν iskhnón		ἰσχνώ iskhnṓ	ἰσχνᾱ́ iskhnā́	ἰσχνώ iskhnṓ		ἰσχνοί iskhnoí	ἰσχναί iskhnaí	ἰσχνᾰ́ iskhná
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		ἰσχνῶς iskhnôs				ἰσχνότερος iskhnóteros				ἰσχνότᾰτος iskhnótatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἔνῐσχνος (éniskhnos)
• ἰσχναίνω (iskhnaínō)
• ἴσχνᾰνσῐς (ískhnansis)
• ἰσχνᾰντῐκός (iskhnantikós)
• ἰσχνᾰσῐ́ᾱ (iskhnasíā)
• ἰσχνᾰσμός (iskhnasmós)
• ἰσχνοκᾰλᾰμώδης (iskhnokalamṓdēs)
• ἰσχνόκωλος (iskhnókōlos)
• ἰσχνομῡθέω (iskhnomūthéō)
• ἰσχνόπους (iskhnópous)
• ἰσχνοσκελής (iskhnoskelḗs)
• ἰσχνότης (iskhnótēs)
• ἰσχνουργής (iskhnourgḗs)
• ἰσχνόφωνος (iskhnóphōnos)
• ἰσχνόω (iskhnóō)
• ἴσχνωσῐς (ískhnōsis)
• ἰσχνωτῐκός (iskhnōtikós)

 

Descendants

• Latin: Ischnura

Further reading

• “ἰσχνός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἰσχνός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ἰσχνός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN