冒犯

Chinese

		to cover; to emit; to manifest to cover; to emit; to manifest; to risk; bold; brave	to violate; to offend
simp. and trad. (冒犯)		冒	犯

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): màofàn

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄠˋ ㄈㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mou⁶ faan⁶

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mo-fam
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): mō͘-hoǎn / mō͘-hoān / bō͘-hoān

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: màofàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄠˋ ㄈㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: màofàn
    • Wade–Giles: mao⁴-fan⁴
    • Yale: màu-fàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mawfann
    • Palladius: маофань (maofanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ fän⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: mou⁶ faan⁶
    • Yale: mouh faahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mou⁶ faan⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: mou⁶ fan⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mou̯²² faːn²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mo-fam
    • Hakka Romanization System: mo fam
    • Hagfa Pinyim: mo⁴ fam⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /mo⁵⁵ fam⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mō͘-hoǎn
    • Tâi-lô: mōo-huǎn
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /mɔ̃⁴¹⁻²² huan²²/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mō͘-hoān
    • Tâi-lô: mōo-huān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: moxhoan
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /mɔ̃²²⁻²¹ huan²²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /mɔ̃³³⁻²¹ huan³³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /mɔ̃³³⁻¹¹ huan³³/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bō͘-hoān
    • Tâi-lô: bōo-huān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: boxhoan
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɔ³³⁻²¹ huan³³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /bɔ³³⁻¹¹ huan³³/

Verb

冒犯

1. (transitive) to offend

   冒犯到別人／冒犯到别人  ―  màofàn dào biérén  ―  to offend others

   我不是故意冒犯你。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]

   Wǒ bùshì gùyì màofàn nǐ. [Pinyin]

   I didn't mean to offend you.

Synonyms

• 唐突 (tángtū) (literary)
• 干犯 (gānfàn) (literary)
• 得失 (déshī) (dialectal)
• 得罪 (dézuì)
• 惹
• 沖犯／冲犯 (chōngfàn)
• 碰撞 (pèngzhuàng)
• 衝撞／冲撞 (chōngzhuàng)
• 觸犯／触犯 (chùfàn)
• 開罪／开罪 (kāizuì) (literary)

 

Derived terms

• 冒犯性 (màofànxìng)
• 冒犯者

 

Related terms

• 侵犯 (qīnfàn)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (冒犯):

• → Korean: 모범(冒犯) (mobeom)
• → Vietnamese: mạo phạm (冒犯)