削減

See also: 削减

Chinese

		to reduce; to pare (away); to cut (down) to reduce; to pare (away); to cut (down); to scrape	to lower; to decrease; to reduce to lower; to decrease; to reduce; to subtract; to diminish
trad. (削減)		削	減
simp. (削减)		削	减

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xuējiǎn, xuèjiǎn

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄝ ㄐㄧㄢˇ, ㄒㄩㄝˋ ㄐㄧㄢˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): soek³ gaam²
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siah-kiám / siok-kiám

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xuējiǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄝ ㄐㄧㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: syuejiǎn
    • Wade–Giles: hsüeh¹-chien³
    • Yale: sywē-jyǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiuejean
    • Palladius: сюэцзянь (sjueczjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy̯ɛ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xuèjiǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄝˋ ㄐㄧㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: syuèjiǎn
    • Wade–Giles: hsüeh⁴-chien³
    • Yale: sywè-jyǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiuehjean
    • Palladius: сюэцзянь (sjueczjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy̯ɛ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: soek³ gaam²
    • Yale: seuk gáam
    • Cantonese Pinyin: soek⁸ gaam²
    • Guangdong Romanization: sêg³ gam²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sœːk̚³ kaːm³⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siah-kiám
    • Tâi-lô: siah-kiám
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siahkiarm
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /sia(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ kiam⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /sia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kiam⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sia(ʔ)⁵ kiam⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siok-kiám
    • Tâi-lô: siok-kiám
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siokkiarm
    • IPA (Xiamen): /siɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kiam⁵³/

Verb

削減

1. to cut down; to reduce; to lower; to decrease; to cut; to curtail

   削減污物排放／削减污物排放  ―  xuējiǎn wūwù páifàng  ―  to reduce the disposal of pollutants

Synonyms

• 削 (literary, or in compounds)
• 壓縮／压缩 (yāsuō)
• 損／损 (sǔn) (literary, or in compounds)
• 撤 (chè)
• 收縮／收缩 (shōusuō)
• 消減／消减 (xiāojiǎn)
• 減低／减低 (jiǎndī)
• 減少／减少 (jiǎnshǎo)
• 減損／减损 (jiǎnsǔn)
• 減輕／减轻 (jiǎnqīng)
• 省卻／省却 (shěngquè)
• 砍 (kǎn)
• 緊縮／紧缩 (jǐnsuō)
• 縮減／缩减 (suōjiǎn)
• 耗
• 裁 (cái)
• 裁汰 (cáitài) (literary)
• 裁減／裁减 (cáijiǎn)
• 鐫汰／镌汰 (juāntài) (literary)
• 降低 (jiàngdī)

 

Japanese

Kanji in this term
削	減
さく Grade: S	げん Grade: 5
on’yomi

Noun

削(さく)減(げん) • (sakugen) 

1. reduction, downsizing, curtailment

   歳出(さいしゅつ)削減(さくげん)は財政再建(ざいせいさいけん)に不可欠(ふかけつ)である。

   Saishutsu sakugen wa zaisei saiken ni fukaketsu de aru.

   Cutting spending is essential to balancing the budget.

Verb

削(さく)減(げん)する • (sakugen suru) transitive suru (stem 削(さく)減(げん)し (sakugen shi), past 削(さく)減(げん)した (sakugen shita))

1. reduction, downsizing, curtailment
2. reduce, downsize, cut, curtail

   歳出(さいしゅつ)を削減(さくげん)しないのであれば増税(ぞうぜい)はやむを得(え)ない。

   Saishutsu o sakugen shinai no de areba zōzei wa yamu o enai.

   Tax increases are inevitable if we don't reduce spending.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "削減する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	削減し	さくげんし	sakugen shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	削減し	さくげんし	sakugen shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	削減する	さくげんする	sakugen suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	削減する	さくげんする	sakugen suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	削減すれ	さくげんすれ	sakugen sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	削減せよ¹ 削減しろ²	さくげんせよ¹ さくげんしろ²	sakugen seyo¹ sakugen shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	削減される	さくげんされる	sakugen sareru
Causative	削減させる 削減さす	さくげんさせる さくげんさす	sakugen saseru sakugen sasu
Potential	削減できる	さくげんできる	sakugen dekiru
Volitional	削減しよう	さくげんしよう	sakugen shiyō
Negative	削減しない	さくげんしない	sakugen shinai
Negative continuative	削減せず	さくげんせず	sakugen sezu
Formal	削減します	さくげんします	sakugen shimasu
Perfective	削減した	さくげんした	sakugen shita
Conjunctive	削減して	さくげんして	sakugen shite
Hypothetical conditional	削減すれば	さくげんすれば	sakugen sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.