弾ける
Japanese
editKanji in this term |
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弾 |
はじ Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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彈ける (kyūjitai) |
Etymology
editDevelopment
Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.
Pronunciation
editVerb
edit弾ける • (hajikeru) intransitive ichidan (stem 弾け (hajike), past 弾けた (hajiketa))
Japanese verb pair | |
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active | 弾く |
mediopassive | 弾ける |
- to burst; to break from internal pressure (of a container)
- (often figurative) to disperse/scatter with a burst
- to have fun; to party
- to go public; to be revealed
Conjugation
editConjugation of "弾ける" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 弾け | はじけ | hajike | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 弾け | はじけ | hajike | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 弾ける | はじける | hajikeru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 弾ける | はじける | hajikeru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 弾けれ | はじけれ | hajikere | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 弾けよ¹ 弾けろ² |
はじけよ¹ はじけろ² |
hajikeyo¹ hajikero² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 弾けられる | はじけられる | hajikerareru | |
Causative | 弾けさせる 弾けさす |
はじけさせる はじけさす |
hajikesaseru hajikesasu | |
Potential | 弾けられる 弾けれる³ |
はじけられる はじけれる³ |
hajikerareru hajikereru³ | |
Volitional | 弾けよう | はじけよう | hajikeyō | |
Negative | 弾けない 弾けぬ 弾けん |
はじけない はじけぬ はじけん |
hajikenai hajikenu hajiken | |
Negative continuative | 弾けず | はじけず | hajikezu | |
Formal | 弾けます | はじけます | hajikemasu | |
Perfective | 弾けた | はじけた | hajiketa | |
Conjunctive | 弾けて | はじけて | hajikete | |
Hypothetical conditional | 弾ければ | はじければ | hajikereba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential |
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 弾け | はじけ | fazike |
Continuative (連用形) | 弾け | はじけ | fazike |
Terminal (終止形) | 弾く | はじく | faziku |
Attributive (連体形) | 弾くる | はじくる | fazikuru |
Realis (已然形) | 弾くれ | はじくれ | fazikure |
Imperative (命令形) | 弾けよ | はじけよ | fazikeyo |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | 弾けず | はじけず | fazikezu |
Contrasting conjunction | 弾くれど | はじくれど | fazikuredo |
Causal conjunction | 弾くれば | はじくれば | fazikureba |
Conditional conjunction | 弾けば | はじけば | fazikeba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 弾けき | はじけき | fazikeki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 弾けけり | はじけけり | fazikekeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | 弾けつ | はじけつ | faziketu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | 弾けぬ | はじけぬ | fazikenu |
Perfect-continuative tense | 弾けたり | はじけたり | faziketari |
Volitional | 弾けむ | はじけむ | fazikemu |
References
edit- ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN