懸空

Chinese

		hang; suspend	emptied; leisure; air emptied; leisure; air; sky; empty; in vain
trad. (懸空)		懸	空
simp. (悬空)		悬	空

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xuánkōng

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄢˊ ㄎㄨㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun⁴ hung¹
Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): hiang⁵ kong¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xuánkōng
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄢˊ ㄎㄨㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: syuánkong
  - Wade–Giles: hsüan²-kʻung¹
  - Yale: sywán-kūng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyuankong
  - Palladius: сюанькун (sjuanʹkun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy̯ɛn³⁵ kʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jyun⁴ hung¹
  - Yale: yùhn hūng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jyn⁴ hung¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yun⁴ hung¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyːn²¹ hʊŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hiang⁵ kong¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hiâng khong
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kʰoŋ³³/

Verb

懸空

(literal) to suspend in the air
(figurative) to hang in the balance
(figurative, of a position, job, etc.) to be vacant
(grammar) to strand
介詞懸空／介词悬空 ― jiècí xuánkōng ― preposition stranding
- 2004, 邓思颖 [Sze-Wing Tang], “从南雄珠玑方言看被动句 [Structures of Passives as Illustrated by Zhuji Dialect Spoken in Nanxiong, Northern Guangdong Province]”, in 《方言》, number 2, page 112:
  
  存在这个空的成分违反了汉语介词不得悬空的限制，因此不合语法。 [MSC, simp.]
  存在這個空的成分違反了漢語介詞不得懸空的限制，因此不合語法。 [MSC, trad.]
  Cúnzài zhège kōng de chéngfèn wéifǎnle Hànyǔ jiècí bùdé xuánkōng de xiànzhì, yīncǐ bù hé yǔfǎ. [Pinyin]
  The existence of this null element violates the restriction in Chinese where prepositions cannot be stranded; thus, it is ungrammatical.

Derived terms

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