犬戎

See also: 畎戎

Chinese

		dog	weapon
simp. and trad. (犬戎)		犬	戎

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Quǎnróng

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄩㄢˇ ㄖㄨㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hyun² jung⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Quǎnróng
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄢˇ ㄖㄨㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Cyuǎnróng
    • Wade–Giles: Chʻüan³-jung²
    • Yale: Chywǎn-rúng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Cheuanrong
    • Palladius: Цюаньжун (Cjuanʹžun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐʊŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hyun² jung⁴
    • Yale: hyún yùhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hyn² jung⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: hün² yung⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hyːn³⁵ jʊŋ²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: khwenX nyuwng

Rime
Character	犬	戎
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	先 (86)	東 (2)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	IV	III
Fanqie	苦泫切	如融切
Baxter	khwenX	nyuwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰwenX/	/ȵɨuŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰʷenX/	/ȵiuŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰuɛnX/	/ȵʑiuŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰwɛnX/	/ȵuwŋ/
Li Rong	/kʰuenX/	/ȵiuŋ/
Wang Li	/kʰiwenX/	/ȵʑĭuŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰiwenX/	/ȵʑi̯uŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	quǎn	róng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hyun2	jung4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ʷʰˤ[e][n]ʔ  nuŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰʷeːnʔ  njuŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	犬	戎
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	quǎn	róng
Middle Chinese	‹ khwenX ›	‹ nyuwng ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ʷʰˁ[e][n]ʔ/	/*nuŋ/
English	dog	foreigners in the west
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	犬	戎
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	10736	10849
Phonetic component	犬	戎
Rime group	元	終
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	犬	戎
Old Chinese	/*kʰʷeːnʔ/	/*njuŋ/

Proper noun

犬戎

1. (historical) the Quanrong (ethnic group active in the northwestern part of China during the Zhou dynasty)