狡賢い
Japanese
editKanji in this term | |
---|---|
狡 | 賢 |
ずる Hyōgai |
かしこ > がしこ Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Alternative forms
editEtymology
editCompound of 狡い (zurui, “tricky, cunning, devious”) + 賢い (kashikoi, “smart, clever, intelligent”).[1][2][3][4] The kashikoi changes to gashikoi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
The spelling ずる賢い is more common than 狡賢い, due to the 狡 character falling into disuse.
Pronunciation
editAdjective
edit狡賢い • (zurugashikoi) -i (adverbial 狡賢く (zurugashikoku))
Inflection
editInflection of 狡賢い
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 狡賢かろ | ずるがしこかろ | zurugashikokaro |
Continuative (連用形) | 狡賢く | ずるがしこく | zurugashikoku |
Terminal (終止形) | 狡賢い | ずるがしこい | zurugashikoi |
Attributive (連体形) | 狡賢い | ずるがしこい | zurugashikoi |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 狡賢けれ | ずるがしこけれ | zurugashikokere |
Imperative (命令形) | 狡賢かれ | ずるがしこかれ | zurugashikokare |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 狡賢くない | ずるがしこくない | zurugashikoku nai |
Informal past | 狡賢かった | ずるがしこかった | zurugashikokatta |
Informal negative past | 狡賢くなかった | ずるがしこくなかった | zurugashikoku nakatta |
Formal | 狡賢いです | ずるがしこいです | zurugashikoi desu |
Formal negative | 狡賢くないです | ずるがしこくないです | zurugashikoku nai desu |
Formal past | 狡賢かったです | ずるがしこかったです | zurugashikokatta desu |
Formal negative past | 狡賢くなかったです | ずるがしこくなかったです | zurugashikoku nakatta desu |
Conjunctive | 狡賢くて | ずるがしこくて | zurugashikokute |
Conditional | 狡賢ければ | ずるがしこければ | zurugashikokereba |
Provisional | 狡賢かったら | ずるがしこかったら | zurugashikokattara |
Volitional | 狡賢かろう | ずるがしこかろう | zurugashikokarō |
Adverbial | 狡賢く | ずるがしこく | zurugashikoku |
Degree | 狡賢さ | ずるがしこさ | zurugashikosa |
References
edit- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 狡 read as ずる
- Japanese terms spelled with 賢 read as かしこ
- Japanese terms with rendaku
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese compound terms
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese adjectives
- Japanese い-i adjectives
- Japanese terms spelled with hyōgai kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji