Wiktionary

賢

See also: 覧, 覽, 贤, 贒, and 䝨
賢 U+8CE2, 賢
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8CE2
← 賡
[U+8CE1] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 賣 →
[U+8CE3]

Translingual

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Japanese 賢
Simplified 贤
Traditional 賢

Han character

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賢 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+8 in Chinese, 貝+9 in Japanese, 15 strokes in Chinese, 16 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 尸水月山金 (SEBUC), four-corner 77806, composition ⿱臤貝 or ⿱䁂八)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1209, character 28
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36822
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1674, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3646, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+8CE2

Chinese

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trad. 賢
simp. 贤
alternative forms 𬥎
贒
臤
䝨
𠤕

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 賢
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
 
Characters in the same phonetic series (臣) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
臤 *kʰaːn, *kʰriːn, *ɡiːn, *kʰins
掔 *kʰriːn, *kʰiːn
慳 *kʰriːn
藖 *ɡriːn, *ɡriːns
堅 *kiːn
鋻 *kiːn, *kiːns
鰹 *kiːn
蜸 *kʰiːnʔ
菣 *kʰiːns, *kʰins
賢 *ɡiːn
礥 *ɡiːn, *ɢrin
臔 *ɡiːnʔ
挋 *kiŋs
臣 *ɡiŋ
茞 *ɡiŋ
腎 *ɡjinʔ
頣 *hŋiŋʔ
緊 *kinʔ
嚚 *ŋɡriŋ
鏗 *kʰreːŋ
摼 *kʰreːŋ
硻 *kʰreːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡiːn): phonetic 臤 (OC *kʰaːn, *kʰriːn, *ɡiːn, *kʰins) + semantic 貝 (“money”) – worthy, valuable (like money)

Etymology 1

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • hiang5 - Shantou;
  • hiêng5 - Chaozhou.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 賢
Mandarin Beijing /ɕian³⁵/
Harbin /ɕian²⁴/
Tianjin /ɕian⁴⁵/
Jinan /ɕiã⁴²/
Qingdao /ɕiã⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ɕian⁴²/
Xi'an /ɕiã²⁴/
Xining /ɕiã²⁴/
Yinchuan /ɕian⁵³/
Lanzhou /ɕiɛ̃n⁵³/
Ürümqi /ɕian⁵¹/
Wuhan /ɕiɛn²¹³/
Chengdu /ɕian³¹/
Guiyang /ɕian²¹/
Kunming /ɕiɛ̃³¹/
Nanjing /ɕien²⁴/
Hefei /ɕiĩ⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕie¹¹/
Pingyao /ɕie̞¹³/
Hohhot /ɕie³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ɦi²³/
Suzhou /ɦiɪ¹³/
Hangzhou /ɦiẽ̞²¹³/
Wenzhou /ji³¹/
Hui Shexian /ɕie⁴⁴/
Tunxi /ɕiɛ⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ɕiẽ¹³/
Xiangtan /ɕiẽ¹²/
Gan Nanchang /ɕiɛn⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /hian¹¹/
Taoyuan /hien¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jin²¹/
Nanning /jin²¹/
Hong Kong /jin²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hian³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /hieŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xiŋ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /hiaŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /hin³¹/
Rime
Character 賢
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 先 (85)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 胡田切
Baxter hen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɦen/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɦen/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɣɛn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɦɛn/
Li
Rong 		/ɣen/
Wang
Li 		/ɣien/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ɣien/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		xián
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jin4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 賢
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		xián
Middle
Chinese 		‹ hen ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[g]ˁi[n]/
English worthy

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 賢
Reading # 1/1
No. 1337
Phonetic
component 		臣
Rime
group 		眞
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		賢
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡiːn/

Definitions

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賢

  1. virtuous; good; clever; wise; worthy
  2. able; capable

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (賢):
  • → Vietnamese: hiền (賢)

Etymology 2

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trad. 賢
simp. 贤

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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賢

  1. (Hokkien, historical) Alternative form of 𠢕

Japanese

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Kanji

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賢

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. intelligence
  2. clever
  3. quick-witted
  4. sagacious

Readings

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  • Go-on: げん (gen)
  • Kan-on: けん (ken, Jōyō)
  • Kun: かしこい (kashikoi, 賢い, Jōyō)、さかしい (sakashii, 賢しい)、まさる (masaru, 賢る)

Proper noun

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賢(さとる) or 賢(まさる) or 賢(けん) • (Satoru or Masaru or Ken) 

  1. a male given name

Korean

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Hanja

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賢 (eum 현 (hyeon))

  1. virtuous

Compounds

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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賢: Hán Nôm readings: hiền, hèn

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Derived terms

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