鴻儒

Chinese

		{{vern|eastern bean goose}}; great; large	scholar; Confucian
trad. (鴻儒)		鴻	儒
simp. (鸿儒)		鸿	儒
alternative forms		宏儒 洪儒

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hóngrú

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄖㄨˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hung⁴ jyu⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hông-jû

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hóngrú
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄖㄨˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hóngrú
    • Wade–Giles: hung²-ju²
    • Yale: húng-rú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: horngru
    • Palladius: хунжу (xunžu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xʊŋ³⁵ ʐu³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hung⁴ jyu⁴
    • Yale: hùhng yùh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hung⁴ jy⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: hung⁴ yu⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hʊŋ²¹ jyː²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hông-jû
    • Tâi-lô: hông-jû
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hongjuu
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² d͡zu²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² d͡zu²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ¹³⁻²² d͡zu¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ d͡zu²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ²³⁻³³ zu²³/

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• Middle Chinese: huwng nyu

Rime
Character	鴻	儒
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	東 (1)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	戸公切	人朱切
Baxter	huwng	nyu
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuŋ/	/ȵɨo/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuŋ/	/ȵio/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuŋ/	/ȵʑio/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦəwŋ/	/ȵuə̆/
Li Rong	/ɣuŋ/	/ȵio/
Wang Li	/ɣuŋ/	/ȵʑĭu/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣuŋ/	/ȵʑi̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hóng	rú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hung4	jyu4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤoŋ  no/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡoːŋ  njo/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	鴻	儒
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hóng	rú
Middle Chinese	‹ huwng ›	‹ nyu ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ˁoŋ/	/*no/
English	kind of wild goose	侏儒 zhūrú "dwarf", scholar, Confucianism (not in original list)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鴻	儒
Reading #	1/2	1/1
No.	4061	13969
Phonetic component	工	需
Rime group	東	侯
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	洪	儒
Old Chinese	/*ɡoːŋ/	/*njo/

Noun

鴻儒

1. (literary) erudite scholar; learned scholar