朱

See also: 硃

朱 U+6731, 朱 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6731 ← 朰 [U+6730] CJK Unified Ideographs 朲 → [U+6732]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

朱 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+2, 6 strokes, cangjie input 竹十木 (HJD), four-corner 2590₀, composition ⿰丿未 or ⿻𠂉木)

Derived characters

• 侏, 诛, 𠙎, 㧣, 咮, 姝, 洙, 邾, 陎, 𠱒, 𡥛, 𡱖, 𤝹, 𨒲, 𪣎, 𪨴, 𫷨, 㦵, 㸡, 䏭, 株, 殊, 珠, 𢼲, 𣂛, 𣆦, 𤈐, 𤔏, 𫾭, 𬆤, 㼡, 硃, 祩, 秼, 铢, 𣥵, 𤶎, 𥅲, 𫁍, 䇬, 䎷, 絑, 茱, 蛛, 袾, 𦐣, 𦐨, 𦧙, 䣷, 誅, 趎, 跦, 𧵺, 銖, 𣗾, 𣘈, 𨾲, 𪳔, 𬹣, 𣙸, 𩊣, 𩳅, 駯, 𩢻, 鮢, 鴸, 𣜱, 𪎡, 𪴄, 𣞊, 𧑤, 𪏿, 鼄, 𣠶

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 509, character 13
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14424
• Dae Jaweon: page 893, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1154, character 3
• Unihan data for U+6731

Chinese

trad.		朱/硃
simp.		朱
硃 - cinnabar

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 朱
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (朱) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
咮	*tu, *tus, *tos, *tjo
株	*to
誅	*to
邾	*to
鼄	*to
跦	*to
袾	*to, *tʰjo
鴸	*to, *tjo
蛛	*to
殊	*to, *djo
趎	*do
珠	*tjo
朱	*tjo
侏	*tjo
絑	*tjo
祩	*tjo, *tjos
鮢	*tjo
硃	*tjo
姝	*tʰjo
銖	*djo
茱	*djo
洙	*djo
陎	*djo

Ideogram (指事) : a tree (木) with its center highlighted with an extra dot-like stroke, accentuating the tree's core; contrast 本, 末.

Etymology 1

Compare Proto-Vietic *tɔh (“red”) (Schuessler, 2007). 赭 (OC *tjaːʔ, “red paint”) may be related.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhū (zhu¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zyu¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): zi¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): jy³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chû

  (Meixian, Guangdong): zu¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): zu¹
• Eastern Min (BUC): cuŏ
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chu

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zu¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹tsy

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhū
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhu
    • Wade–Giles: chu¹
    • Yale: jū
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ju
    • Palladius: чжу (čžu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zyu¹
    • Yale: jyū
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzy¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: ju¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡syː⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: zi¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: jy³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy²¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chû
    • Hakka Romanization System: zu^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zu¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡su²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: zu¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡su⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: zu¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡su¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cuŏ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suo⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chu
    • Tâi-lô: tsu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zw
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡su³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zu¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹tsy
    • MiniDict: tsy^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹tsr
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sz̩⁵³/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsyu

Rime
Character	朱
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	章俱切
Baxter	tsyu
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨo/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕio/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕio/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cuə̆/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕio/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭu/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhū
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zyu1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*to/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tjo/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	朱	朱
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhū	zhū
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyu ›	‹ tsyu ›
Old Chinese	/*to/	/*to/
English	dwarf	red
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	朱
Reading #	1/1
No.	17569
Phonetic component	朱
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	朱
Old Chinese	/*tjo/
Notes	甲金文木中加劃表樹榦（本戴侗說），株初文

Definitions

朱

1. cinnabar; vermilion

   近朱者赤，近墨者黑 [MSC, trad. and simp.]

   jìn zhū zhě chì, jìn mò zhě hēi [Pinyin]

   who keeps company with the wolf will learn to howl (literally: "Proximity to cinnabar makes one red, to pitch makes one black.")

2. bright red

   • 子曰：「惡紫之奪朱也，惡鄭聲之亂雅樂也，惡利口之覆邦家者。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     子曰：「恶紫之夺朱也，恶郑声之乱雅乐也，恶利口之覆邦家者。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Zǐ yuē: “Wù zǐ zhī duó zhū yě, wù zhèngshēng zhī luàn yǎyuè yě, wù lìkǒu zhī fù bāngjiā zhě.” [Pinyin]

     The Master said, "I hate the manner in which purple takes away the luster of vermilion. I hate the way in which the songs of Zheng confound the music of the Ya. I hate those who with their sharp mouths overthrow kingdoms and families."

3. (Hong Kong Cantonese, triad slang) one
4. a surname

   朱熹  ―  Zhū Xī  ―  Zhu Xi (Song dynasty Neo-Confucian scholar)

   朱棣文  ―  Zhū Dìwén  ―  Steven Chu (an American physicist and former U.S. Secretary of Energy)

Synonyms

• (surname): 未撇朱

Descendants

• → English: Chu, Zhu

Compounds

• 傅粉施朱
• 周程張朱／周程张朱
• 弄粉調朱／弄粉调朱
• 惡紫奪朱／恶紫夺朱
• 搓粉團朱／搓粉团朱
• 搓粉摶朱／搓粉抟朱
• 施朱傅粉
• 朱丹
• 朱光
• 朱印本
• 朱口皓齒／朱口皓齿
• 朱古力 (zhūgǔlì)
• 朱坡埡／朱坡垭
• 朱子學／朱子学 (Zhūzǐxué)
• 朱子家訓／朱子家训
• 朱子語錄／朱子语录
• 朱子語類／朱子语类
• 朱家峪 (Zhūjiāyù)
• 朱實／朱实
• 朱干玉戚
• 朱弦玉磬
• 朱彭 (Zhūpéng)
• 朱批 (zhūpī)
• 朱提
• 朱文 (zhūwén)
• 朱日和 (Zhūrìhé)
• 朱明 (zhūmíng)
• 朱槿
• 朱標／朱标
• 朱比特 (Zhūbǐtè)
• 朱河 (Zhūhé)
• 朱洪武
• 朱漆 (zhūqī)
• 朱灣／朱湾 (Zhūwān)
• 朱營／朱营 (Zhūyíng)
• 朱王堡
• 朱理安曆／朱理安历
• 朱瓦碧甍
• 朱甍碧瓦
• 朱砂 (zhūshā, “cinnabar”)
• 朱砂符
• 朱筆／朱笔 (zhūbǐ)
• 朱紅／朱红 (zhūhóng)
• 朱紫
• 朱絃／朱弦
• 朱紫難別／朱紫难别
• 朱羲 (zhūxī)
• 朱脣／朱唇
• 朱脣榴齒／朱唇榴齿
• 朱脣皓齒／朱唇皓齿
• 朱脣粉面／朱唇粉面
• 朱華／朱华
• 朱蕉 (zhūjiāo)
• 朱衣 (Zhūyī)
• 朱衣吏
• 朱衣神
• 朱衣點頭／朱衣点头
• 朱記／朱记
• 朱諾／朱诺 (Zhūnuò)
• 朱軒／朱轩
• 朱輪／朱轮
• 朱輪華轂／朱轮华毂
• 朱轓皂蓋／朱𰺜皂盖
• 朱邸
• 朱門／朱门 (zhūmén)
• 朱門繡戶／朱门绣户
• 朱閣／朱阁
• 朱閣青樓／朱阁青楼
• 朱陳／朱陈
• 朱陳之好／朱陈之好
• 朱陸異同／朱陆异同
• 朱雀 (zhūquè)
• 朱雀橋／朱雀桥
• 朱集 (Zhūjí)
• 朱雲折檻／朱云折槛
• 朱頂／朱顶
• 朱顏／朱颜 (zhūyán)
• 朱顏粉面／朱颜粉面
• 朱顏鶴髮／朱颜鹤发
• 朱鳥／朱鸟
• 朱鷺／朱鹭 (zhūlù)
• 朱黃／朱黄
• 朱墨
• 朱墨本
• 朱墨爛然／朱墨烂然
• 滿臉濺朱／满脸溅朱
• 琴斷朱弦／琴断朱弦
• 畫閣朱樓／画阁朱楼
• 白髮朱顏／白发朱颜
• 皓齒朱脣／皓齿朱唇
• 看朱成碧
• 碧瓦朱甍
• 程朱
• 紆朱懷金／纡朱怀金
• 紅紫亂朱／红紫乱朱
• 綠鬢朱顏／绿鬓朱颜
• 繡衣朱履／绣衣朱履
• 脣如塗朱／唇如涂朱
• 西朱範／西朱范 (Xīzhūfàn)
• 近朱近墨
• 銀朱／银朱

 

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shū, shú, zhū (shu¹, shu², zhu¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄨ, ㄕㄨˊ, ㄓㄨ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): syu⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shū
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄨ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shu
    • Wade–Giles: shu¹
    • Yale: shū
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shu
    • Palladius: шу (šu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂu⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shú
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄨˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shú
    • Wade–Giles: shu²
    • Yale: shú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shwu
    • Palladius: шу (šu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂu³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhū
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhu
    • Wade–Giles: chu¹
    • Yale: jū
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ju
    • Palladius: чжу (čžu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: syu⁴
    • Yale: syùh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sy⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: xu⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /syː²¹/

Definitions

朱

1. Only used in 朱提 (Shūshí).

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zyu¹

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• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zyu¹
    • Yale: jyū
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzy¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: ju¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡syː⁵⁵/

Definitions

朱

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) Short for 朱古力.

   熱朱／热朱 [Cantonese]  ―  jit⁶ zyu¹ [Jyutping]  ―  hot chocolate

Japanese

Kanji

朱

(Jōyō kanji)

1. vermilion
2. cinnabar
3. scarlet
4. red
5. bloody

Readings

• Go-on: す (su)
• Kan-on: しゅ (shu, Jōyō)^{←しゆ (syu, historical)}
• Kun: あか (aka, 朱); あき (aki, 朱); あけ (ake, 朱)
• Nanori: あかね (akane)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
朱
あけ Grade: S
kun'yomi

Noun

朱(あけ) • (ake) 

1. crimson

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
朱
あか Grade: S
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 朱 – see the following entry.

【赤あか】1 [noun] red (color) [noun] communism, socialism [noun] a communist [prefix] entirely Alternative spelling アカ

(This term, 朱, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 3

Noun

Kanji in this term
朱
しゅ Grade: S
kan'on

朱(しゅ) • (shu) 

1. Abbreviation of 朱色 (“vermilion”).

Korean

Hanja

朱 (eumhun 붉을 주 (bulgeul ju))

1. Hanja form^? of 주 (“vermillion, cinnabar”).

Vietnamese

Han character

朱: Hán Nôm readings: cho, chẩu, chõ, Chu, chau, châu, choa

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.