Egyptian
edit
Etymology
edit
Borrowed from Proto-Semitic *ʔabay-. Compare Hebrew אבה (ʾāḇā, “to be willing”).
Pronunciation
edit
3ae inf.
- (transitive) to desire, to want, to long for (a thing, a person, or a place) [since the Middle Kingdom]
- (transitive or rarely intransitive with n or r, with following infinitive) to want to do [since the Middle Kingdom]
- (intransitive, with m, Late Egyptian) to take pleasure at, to be happy about [Greco-Roman Period]
Inflection
edit
Conjugation of ꜣbj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: ꜣb, geminated stem: ꜣbb
| infinitival forms
|
imperative
|
| infinitive
|
negatival complement
|
complementary infinitive1
|
singular
|
plural
|
ꜣbt, ꜣbj
|
ꜣbw, ꜣb
|
ꜣbt, ꜣbwt, ꜣbyt
|
ꜣb
|
ꜣb, ꜣby
|
| suffix conjugation
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
contingent
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
ꜣb.n
|
ꜣbw, ꜣb, ꜣby
|
consecutive
|
ꜣb.jn
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| terminative
|
ꜣbt, ꜣbyt
|
| perfective3
|
ꜣb
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
obligative1
|
ꜣb.ḫr
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| imperfective
|
ꜣb, ꜣby
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| prospective3
|
ꜣbw, ꜣb, ꜣby
|
ꜣbw, ꜣb, ꜣby
|
potentialis1
|
ꜣb.kꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| subjunctive
|
ꜣb, ꜣby
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| verbal adjectives
|
| aspect / mood
|
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
|
participles
|
| active
|
passive
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
ꜣb.n
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
—
|
—
|
| perfective
|
ꜣbw1, ꜣby, ꜣb
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
ꜣb
|
ꜣby, ꜣb
|
| imperfective
|
ꜣbb, ꜣbby, ꜣbbw5
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
ꜣbb, ꜣbbj6, ꜣbby6
|
ꜣbb, ꜣbbw5
|
| prospective
|
ꜣbw1, ꜣby, ꜣb, ꜣbtj7
|
—
|
ꜣbwtj1 4, ꜣbtj4, ꜣbt4
|
- Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
- Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
- Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
- Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
- Only in the masculine singular.
- Only in the masculine.
- Only in the feminine.
- Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.
|
Alternative forms
edit
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜣbj
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ꜣbj
|
ꜣbj
|
ꜣbw
|
ꜣbj
|
ꜣbj
|
jbj
|
jꜣbj
|
ꜣbj
|
[New Kingdom,
Greco-Roman Period]
|
[New Kingdom,
Greco-Roman Period]
|
[New Kingdom]
|
[Greco-Roman Period]
|
[Greco-Roman Period]
|
[Greco-Roman Period]
|
[Greco-Roman Period]
|
[Greco-Roman Period]
|
|
|
|
in hieratic
|
Derived terms
edit
References
edit
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 171.
- Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[1], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 6.24–7.7
- Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 2
- Wilson, Penelope (1991) A Lexicographical Study of the Ptolemaic Texts in the Temple of Edfu, Liverpool: University of Liverpool, pages 7–8
