-янка
Russian edit
Alternative forms edit
- -а́нка (-ánka) — after a hushing consonant (ш ж ч щ) or ц
Etymology edit
Originally from -ка (-ka) added to adjectives ending in -яный (-janyj) or -яно́й (-janój); later extracted out as its own suffix.
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
-я́нка • (-jánka) f inan or f anim
- suffix appended to nouns to form related nouns of various sorts, both animate and inanimate, generally referring to more specific objects than the base lemma, often plants or animals
- весна́ (vesná, “spring”) + -я́нка (-jánka) → весня́нка (vesnjánka, “spring song; stonefly”)
- медь (medʹ, “copper”) + -я́нка (-jánka) → медя́нка (medjánka, “grass snake; verdigris”)
- роса́ (rosá, “dew”) + -я́нка (-jánka) → рося́нка (rosjánka, “sundew”)
- де́рево (dérevo, “tree”) + -я́нка (-jánka) → деревя́нка (derevjánka, “common tormentil”)
- стекло́ (stekló, “glass”) (dialectal скло (sklo)) + -я́нка (-jánka) → скля́нка (skljánka, “vial, bottle”)
Usage notes edit
Note the following properties:
- The suffix is added onto the stem in its reduced form.
- The suffix triggers the Slavic first palatalization of velar consonants, after which it becomes -а́нка (-ánka).
- The suffix becomes -а́нка (-ánka) after a hushing consonant (ш ж ч щ) or ц.
Declension edit
Declension of -я́нка (bian fem-form velar-stem accent-a reduc)