-ܗ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

From Aramaic ־ֵה (-ēh), analogical consonantism after the independent personal pronoun הוּ (hū); cognate to Hebrew ־וֹ (-ó) and Arabic ـهُ (-hu)

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [-eːh]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [-eːh], [-eħ]

Particle

-ܹܗ • (-ēh)

1. attached to prepositions to indicate a male or masculine object in the 3rd person; him, it

   ܐܸܠܹܗ ― ilēh ― to him

   ܥܲܡܹܗ ― ˁamēh ― with him

2. attached to nouns to indicate possession by a male or masculine noun in the 3rd person; his, its

   ܒܪܵܬܹܗ ― brātēh ― his daughter

3. attached to progressive verbs to indicate an action being directed to a male or masculine noun in the 3rd person

   ܗ̇ܝ ܝܠܵܗ̇ ܒܸܙܒ݂ܵܢܹܗ ܡܹܐܟ݂ܘܼܠܬܵܐ

   aya ìlāh bizḇānēh mēḵultā

   She is buying him food.

4. attached to passive and past participles to indicate an action being directed to a male or masculine noun in the 3rd person

   ܗ݇ܘܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܐ݇ܡܝܼܪܹܗ ― wē lēh mīrēh ― He has told him.

Synonyms

• (indicating possession): ܕܝܼܹܗ (dīyēh)

Etymology 2

From Aramaic ־ָהּ (-āh), analogical consonantism after the independent personal pronoun הִי (hī); cognate to Hebrew ־ָהּ (-áh) and Arabic ـهَا (-hā)

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [-aːh]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [-aːh], [-aħ]

Particle

-ܵܗ̇ • (-āh)

1. attached to prepositions to indicate a female or feminine object in the 3rd person; her, it

   ܐܸܠܵܗ̇ ― ilāh ― to her

   ܥܲܡܵܗ̇ ― ˁamāh ― with her

2. attached to nouns to indicate possession by a female or feminine noun in the 3rd person; her, its

   ܟܲܠܒܵܗ̇ ― kalbāh ― her dog

3. attached to progressive verbs to indicate an action being directed to a female or feminine noun in the 3rd person

   ܝܼܢܵܐ ܒܸܒܢܵܝܵܗ̇ ܒܲܝܬܵܐ ― īnā bibnāyāh baytā ― They are building her a house.

4. attached to passive and past participles to indicate an action being directed to a female or feminine noun in the 3rd person

   ܗ݇ܘܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܐ݇ܟ݂ܝܼܠܵܗ̇ ― wē lēh ḵīlāh ― He has eaten it (her)

Synonyms

• (indicating possession): ܕܝܼܵܗ̇ (dīyāh)

See also

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic personal pronouns

Isolated nominative pronouns
		singular	plural
1st person		ܐܵܢܵܐ (ānā)	ܐܲܚܢܲܢ (aḥnan)
2nd person	m	ܐܲܢ݇ܬ (at)	ܐܲܢ݇ܬܘܿܢ (atōn)
	f	ܐܲܢ݇ܬܝ (at)	ܐܲܢ݇ܬܹܝܢ (attēn)
3rd person	m	ܗ̇ܘ (awa)	ܗܸܢܘܿܢ (hinōn)
	f	ܗ̇ܝ (aya)	ܗܸܢܹܝܢ (hinnēn)
Enclitic accusative and genitive pronouns
		singular	plural
1st person		-ܝܼ (-ī)	-ܲܢ (-an)
2nd person	m	-ܘܼܟ݂ (-ōḵ)	-ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (-āwḵōn)
	f	-ܵܟ݂ܝ (-āḵ)
3rd person	m	-ܹܗ, -ܘܼܗܝ (-ēh, -ūh)	-ܗܘܿܢ (-hōn)
	f	-ܵܗ̇, -ܘܿܗ̇ (-āh, -ōh)