-ska

See also: ska, SKA, and skA

Finnish

Etymology 1

Probably -s +‎ -(k)ka.

Suffix

-ska (front vowel harmony variant -skä, linguistic notation -skA)

1. Forms diminutive nouns.

Derived terms

Finnish terms suffixed with -ska (diminutive)

amiska

Arska

haaska

herska

jutska

kiska

koiska

latuska

leiska

limaska

limska

lituska

luuska

läpyskä

lätyskä

moska

motskari

murska

myrsky

mörskä

namiska

nivaska

nuljaska

penska

perskat

pulska

räpiskä

seiska

tatska

terska

töyssy

virtaska

vänskä

äiskä

• -skari
• -ski
• -sko
• -sku

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Swedish -ska, as used in older Swedish as a suffix used to derive feminine nouns (such as sångare → sångerska, major → majorska).

Suffix

-ska (front vowel harmony variant -skä, linguistic notation -skA) (colloquial, archaic)

1. (now humoristic) Used to transform husband's family name or title to a term for addressing or speaking of a married woman. Used especially with family names ending with -nen and titles ending -ri.

   ‎Virtanen + ‎-ska → ‎Virtaska

   ‎pastori + ‎-ska → ‎pastorska

   ‎kamreeri + ‎-ska → ‎kamreerska

Anagrams

• -kas, SAK, kas

Icelandic

Etymology 1

Suffix

-ska f (noun-forming suffix, genitive singular -sku, no plural)

1. forms names of languages from countries or demonyms

   ‎Japan (“Japan”) + ‎-ska → ‎japanska (“Japanese”)

   ‎Úkraína (“Ukraine”) + ‎-ska → ‎úkraínska (“Ukrainian”)

   ‎Laos (“Laos”) + ‎-ska → ‎laoska (“Lao, Laotian”)

Declension

Declension of -ska (sg-only feminine)

	singular
	indefinite	definite
nominative	-ska	-skan
accusative	-sku	-skuna
dative	-sku	-skunni
genitive	-sku	-skunnar

Derived terms

• -eska, -neska, -íska, -verska

Etymology 2

Suffix

-ska f (noun-forming suffix, genitive singular -sku, no plural)

1. forms abstract nouns from nouns, verbs and adjectives

   ‎illur (“evil”) + ‎-ska → ‎illska (“evil”)

   ‎gleyma (“to forget”) + ‎-ska → ‎gleymska (“forgetfulness”)

   ‎heimur (“world”) (originally “abode, home”) + ‎-ska → ‎heimska (“stupidity”) (originally “naiveté, the state of not leaving one's home much”)

Declension

Declension of -ska (sg-only feminine)

	singular
	indefinite	definite
nominative	-ska	-skan
accusative	-sku	-skuna
dative	-sku	-skunni
genitive	-sku	-skunnar

Derived terms

• -mennska

Lower Sorbian

Suffix

-ska f

1. used to form the names of countries and regions

Derived terms

Lower Sorbian terms suffixed with -ska

Awstriska

Bramborska

Bulgarska

Česka

Estniska

Francojska

Chorwatska

Nimska

Pólska

Sakska

Šwicaŕska

Włoska

Polish

Etymology 1

Coalesced from Proto-Slavic *-ьskaja (definite feminine relational adjective suffix). Cognate with Czech -ská, Slovak -ská; Belarusian -ская (-skaja), -ска́я (-skája); etc.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ska/
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]
• Homophone: ska

Suffix

-ska

1. feminine nominative singular of -ski
2. forms surnames

Alternative forms

• -cka, -zka

Derived terms

Category Polish terms suffixed with -ska not found

Descendants

• → English: -ska
• ⇒ Ukrainian: -ська (-sʹka), -ська́ (-sʹká); (after -л- (-l-)) -ьска (-ʹska), -ьська́ (-ʹsʹká) (influenced)
• ⇒ Carpathian Rusyn: -ьска (-ʹska), -ьска́ (-ʹská); (after a labial consonant) -ска (-ska), -ска́ (-ská) (influenced)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьska (genitive).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ska/
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]

Suffix

-ska

1. masculine genitive singular of -sk

Slovak

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ska/

Adjective

-ska

1. feminine nominative singular of -sky

Swedish

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Suffix

-ska f

1. Signifies a female (particularly after professions and nationalities); -ess

   en spanjor och spanjorska ― a Spaniard and Spaniardess

   en kassör och kassörska ― a cashier and cashieress

2. (historical) Added to the husband's occupation title to form a courtesy title for the wife or widow.

   en direktörska ― a wife of a director (literally, “a directoress”)

   en kaptenska ― a wife of a captain (literally, “a captainess”)

3. Denotes that the object is related to the aforementioned person or family; -ian, of

   Sahlgrenska Universitetssjukhuset

   The Sahlgrenian University Hospital (named after Niclas Sahlgren)

   Callanderska gården

   The Callanderian estate (named after Sofia Nordvaeger, née Callander)

   • 1815 August 9, N. S. Colliander, “Allmän Kungörelse [Publick Notice]”, in Wexiö Tidning, number 61, page 4:

     Till Gyllenpalmska Famillen hafva sedan sista redovisning influtit: En skärf från 2:ne Enkor till den fattiga famillen. Många bäckar små göra en stor å, 2 R:dr R:gd d. 17 Juli 1815.

     Unto the Family of Gyllenpalm hath since the last account been received: A small gift from two widows to the poor family. Many a little makes a mickle, 2 Rixdollars, the 17th of July, 1815.

     (literally, “Unto the Gyllenpalmian Family […] ”)

Usage notes

In older practice, a husband's title suffixed with -ska formed a title for his wife. For example, the wife of a captain (kapten) would be a kaptenska ("captainess"). This practice gradually began dying out around the 1950s. See the article on du-reformen on Wikipedia for more information.

Derived terms

Swedish terms suffixed with -ska

ackuschörska

afghanska

albanska

algeriska

andorranska

angolanska

antiguanska

arubanska

australienska

bondska

damfrisörska

dominikanska

göteborgska

kassörska

maoriska

miljonärska

ondska

parisiska

sierska

spanjorska

studentska

sångerska

See also

• -erska
• -inna
• fru
• fröken
• herr