Pfand

German edit

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Pfand

Etymology edit

From Middle High German phant, from Old High German phant. Only found in continental Germanic languages (Dutch pand, and Swedish pant) and of unresolved origin, various Latin sources have been suggested: Latin pāctum (“agreement”) under the supposition of a Low Latin *pantum from *panctum, or a pondus (“weight”) borrowed so early that it preceded the change from Indo-European o to a in Germanic.

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /pfant/ (standard)
IPA^(key): /fant/ (northern Germany, central Germany)
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -ant
Homophone: fand (regional)

Noun edit

Pfand n or m (strong, genitive Pfandes or Pfands, plural Pfänder)

pawn
pledge
can or bottle deposit
Hyponyms: Becherpfand, Flaschenpfand, Dosenpfand

Usage notes edit

The commonly used gender for the noun is neuter in Germany and Switzerland and masculine in Austria. In recent years the masculine form has seen an increase in usage in Germany, especially in the East.^[1]

Declension edit

Declension of Pfand [neuter // masculine, strong]

	singular			plural
	indef.	def.	noun	def.	noun
nominative	ein	das, der	Pfand	die	Pfänder
genitive	eines	des	Pfandes, Pfands	der	Pfänder
dative	einem	dem	Pfand, Pfande¹	den	Pfändern
accusative	ein, einen	das, den	Pfand	die	Pfänder

¹Now rare, see notes.

Derived terms edit

pfänden, verpfänden

Related terms edit

Pfandbrief, Pfandflasche, Pfandgebühr, Pfandgeld, Pfandhaus, Pfandrecht, Pfandsystem, Unterpfand

References edit

^ Matthias Schmidt (2015 November 9) “Die Deutschen haben entschieden: Es heißt DIE E-Mail”, in YouGov: What the world thinks‎^[1] (in German), retrieved 2021-07-26: “Während in der alten Bundesrepublik drei von vier Befragten (73 Prozent) „das Pfand“ sagen und nur jeder Vierte „der Pfand“, liegen die beiden Artikel im Osten fast gleichauf (der: 47 Prozent, das: 51 Prozent).”