pactum
Latin edit
Etymology 1 edit
From pangō.
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈpaːk.tum/, [ˈpäːkt̪ʊ̃ˑ]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈpak.tum/, [ˈpäkt̪um]
Participle edit
pāctum
- inflection of pāctus (“fixed, fastened”):
Etymology 2 edit
Originally from pacīscor (“to arrange by negotiation”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ḱ- (“to fix; settle”), whence also pāx (“peace”). Not easily distinguishable from Etymology 1 already in Proto-Indo-European, which might reflect an eventual merger of a split outcome of the same root.
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈpak.tum/, [ˈpäkt̪ʊ̃ˑ]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈpak.tum/, [ˈpäkt̪um]
- Note: the derivational confusion likely entailed uncertainty about the length of the -a-; nevertheless the vowel reduction in compectum indicates its original shortness.
Participle edit
pactum
- inflection of pactus (“arranged by negotiation, agreed”):
Noun edit
pactum n (genitive pactī); second declension
- an agreement, bargain, pact
- Synonyms: compositum, condiciō, stipulātiō
- (in adverbial expressions) a means, manner, method, consideration
- Cicero, In Catilinam I 17:
- Servi mehercule mei si me isto pacto metuerent ut te metuunt omnes cives tui, domum meum relinquendam putarem
- If my servants feared me in such a manner as all your countrymen fear you, I should think that I need to leave my house
- Servi mehercule mei si me isto pacto metuerent ut te metuunt omnes cives tui, domum meum relinquendam putarem
Declension edit
Second-declension noun (neuter).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | pactum | pacta |
Genitive | pactī | pactōrum |
Dative | pactō | pactīs |
Accusative | pactum | pacta |
Ablative | pactō | pactīs |
Vocative | pactum | pacta |
Alternative forms edit
- pactus, -ūs (Late Latin)
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
References edit
- “pango, pago, paco” in volume 10, part 1, column 203, line 13 in the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (TLL Open Access), Berlin (formerly Leipzig): De Gruyter (formerly Teubner), 1900–present
- “pactum; pactus” on page 1410 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “pangō; pāx”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 442; 452
Further reading edit
- “pactum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “pactum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- pactum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- pactum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette