Wiktionary

des

See also: Appendix:Variations of "des"

EnglishEdit

NounEdit

des

  1. (medicine, colloquial) Desflurane.

NounEdit

des

  1. plural of de

AnagramsEdit

BavarianEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Cognate with German German das.

Alternative formsEdit

  • 's (unstressed form)

PronounEdit

des

  1. this, that
  2. it (nominative and accusative)
    Synonym: es
Usage notesEdit

The pronoun des is always definite, i.e. referring to a noun or statement. For impersonal usage, see es.

See alsoEdit
Bavarian personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative
stressed unstressed stressed unstressed stressed unstressed
1st person singular i — mi — mia (mir) ma
2nd person singular
(informal) 		du — di — dia (dir) da
2nd person singular
(formal) 		Sie — Eahna — Eahna —
3rd person singular m er a eahm 'n eahm 'n
n es, des 's des 's
f se, de 's se 's ihr —
1st person plural mia (mir) ma uns — uns —
2nd person plural eß, ihr — enk, eich — enk, eich —
3rd person plural se 's eahna — eahna —

ArticleEdit

des n

  1. the
See alsoEdit
Bavarian articles
m n f pl
stressed unstressed stressed unstressed stressed unstressed stressed unstressed
definite nominative der, da — das, es, des 's de d' de d'
accusative en, den 'n
dative em, dem 'm em, dem 'm der, da —
genitive1 des des der, da der, da
indefinite nominative a — a — a —
accusative an 'n
dative am 'm am 'm a, ana 'na
1) higher, formal register

Etymology 2Edit

Learned borrowing from German des.

ArticleEdit

des

  1. (higher register or poetic, Tirol, Lower Austria, Styria) singular masculine and neuter genitive case of the definite article: of the
    • 1844, Johann Gabriel Seidl, Gedichte in niederösterreichischer Mundart, (Druck und Verlag von J. P. Sollinger, Wien), p. 210:
      Fragt má-r um den Grund des Wunders?
    • 1854, Gedichte im Tiroler Dialecte. Von C. v. L., p. 21 (in the poem Der Sommer. Im Kitzbichler Dialecte):
      Ge mooch a wenggail Stond
      Schau, weil i nett des Wegs a bi
      Oft thoan ma dlei mitnond
      Ey schaula Oergaill gest a zweg
      Schaugst gwiß dar Olma zua
      Oft had ma schia n dleichn Weg
      Hun höchst a besi Kua.
    • 1870, Zither und Hackbret. Gedichte in obersteirischer Mundart von P. K. Rosegger. Mit einem Vorworte von Robert Hamerling, (Druck und Verlag von Josef Pock, Graz und Leipzig), p. 133:
      Und host bu bis des Priesters Hond
      Erhebt des Kelches Wein,
      Den Thurm erbaut zum Himmelsfol,
      So bist du wieda mein!
    • 1885, Edelweiß. Gedichte in niederösterreichischer Mundart von J. G. Hauer. Mit einem Vorworte von P. K. Rosegger, (Druck und Verlag von Carl Gerold's Sohn, Wien), p. 133:
      Bet s dr Engl des Herrn o,
      Moch drauf wieda s Kreuz:

CatalanEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Late Latin de ēx.

PrepositionEdit

des

  1. from
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

ContractionEdit

des

  1. Contraction of de and es.

Etymology 3Edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

VerbEdit

des (obsolete)

  1. first-person singular imperfect subjunctive form of dar
  2. third-person singular imperfect subjunctive form of dar

ReferencesEdit

  • “des” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

CimbrianEdit

PronounEdit

des

  1. nominative/accusative singular neuter of dèar
    Des ist 's khint dar main sbéstare. ― This is my sister's child.
    Des ist an guuts baip. ― This is a good woman.

DeterminerEdit

des

  1. nominative/accusative singular neuter of dèar
    Des ròss is net main. ― This horse is not mine.

See alsoEdit

Declension of dèar
masculine feminine neuter plural
nominative dèar dòi des dii / zòi
accusative den dòi des dii / zòi
dative dèmme dèar dèmme den

Further readingEdit

  • “des” in Martalar, Umberto Martello; Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

DanishEdit

ConjunctionEdit

des

  1. the
    Jo større den er, des gladere bliver jeg.
    The larger it is, the gladder I shall be.

SynonymsEdit

DutchEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /dɛs/, (historic) /dəs/
  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: des

ArticleEdit

des

  1. (archaic) genitive singular masculine/neuter of de (“the”)

Usage notesEdit

  • Note that normally only the nominative is used. The other forms are archaic, but survive in numerous idiomatic expressions such as des huizes, des morgens (itself archaic and shortened, like similar expressions, to 's morgens in contemporary Dutch).
  • The current pronunciation is a spelling pronunciation. Before the word became archaic, it was pronounced with a schwa, /dəs/.

InflectionEdit

Dutch definite article
Masculine Feminine Neuter Plural
Nominative de de het de
Genitive des der des der
Dative den der den den
Accusative den de het de


SynonymsEdit

ConjunctionEdit

des

  1. the ... the (used as an intensifier to indicate the degree of an action)
    Des te vaker de mensen Willem de rug toekeren des te beter! ― The more often people turn their back at Willem the better!

East Central GermanEdit

EtymologyEdit

Cognate to German des.

ArticleEdit

des

  1. (Silesian, Gebirgsschlesisch, Breslauisch, genitive) of the

EsperantoEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Swedish and German desto.

PronunciationEdit

ParticleEdit

des

  1. the; used withju and eitherpli (“more”) ormalpli (“less”) to form the second half of a coordinated comparative.
    • 1903, Ben Elmy, “La Lingvo de la floroj”, in The Esperantist: The Esperanto Gazette for the Spreading of the International Language, page 138,
      Ju pli ni studas la florojn, des pli ni konstatas, ke multe da ili posedas nesuspektitajn lertecojn, kiujn apud besto ni volonte nomus instinkto aŭ еĉ prudento.
      The more we study the flowers, the more we establish that many of them possess unexpected abilities, which in an animal we would willingly call instinct or even foresight.
    • Ju pli mi lernas, des pli mi scias.
      The more I learn, the more I know.

Coordinate termsEdit

Fiji HindiEdit

EtymologyEdit

Hindi देश (deś).

NounEdit

des

  1. country
    India ek prachin des hae.
    India is an old country.

FinnishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From German Des (German key notation).

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈdes/, [ˈde̞s̠]
  • Rhymes: -es
  • Syllabification(key): des

NounEdit

des

  1. (music) D-flat

Usage notesEdit

Capitalized for the great octave or any octave below that, or in names of major keys; not capitalized for the small octave or any octave above that, or in names of minor keys.

DeclensionEdit

Inflection of des (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominative des desit
genitive desin desien
partitive desiä desejä
illative desiin deseihin
singular plural
nominative des desit
accusative nom. des desit
gen. desin
genitive desin desien
partitive desiä desejä
inessive desissä deseissä
elative desistä deseistä
illative desiin deseihin
adessive desillä deseillä
ablative desiltä deseiltä
allative desille deseille
essive desinä deseinä
translative desiksi deseiksi
instructive — desein
abessive desittä deseittä
comitative — deseineen
Possessive forms of des (type risti)
possessor singular plural
1st person desini desimme
2nd person desisi desinne
3rd person desinsä

FrenchEdit

EtymologyEdit

The use as an article is a special case of the contraction.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /de/, (before a vowel) /de.z‿/
  • IPA(key): /dɛ/, (before a vowel) /dɛ.z‿/
  • audio(file)

ArticleEdit

des m pl or f pl

  1. plural of un (“some; the plural indefinite article”)
  2. plural of une (“some; the plural indefinite article”)
  3. plural of du (“some; the plural partitive article”)
  4. plural of de la (“some; the plural partitive article”)
  5. plural of de l' (“some; the plural partitive article”)

Usage notesEdit

  • The plural indefinite article des is elided when it would follow the preposition de.

Derived termsEdit

ContractionEdit

des

  1. Contraction of de les (“of the, from the, some”).

Further readingEdit

GalicianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin dē + ex.

PronunciationEdit

PrepositionEdit

des

  1. since
  2. from (a location)

Derived termsEdit

Further readingEdit

  • “des” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
  • “des” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.

GermanEdit

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /dəs/ (generally)
  • IPA(key): /dɛs/ (when stressed, which is rare)
  • audio(file)

ArticleEdit

des

  1. genitive masculine/neuter singular of der: the

DeclensionEdit

German definite articles
Masculine Feminine Neuter Plural
Nominative der die das die
Genitive des der des der
Dative dem der dem den
Accusative den die das die

Guinea-Bissau CreoleEdit

Guinea-Bissau Creole cardinal numbers
 <  9 10 11  >
    Cardinal : des

EtymologyEdit

From Portuguese dez. Cognate with Kabuverdianu dés.

NumeralEdit

des

  1. ten (10)

LatinEdit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

dēs

  1. second-person singular present active subjunctive of dō

LombardEdit

Alternative formsEdit

  • dex, dés (Western orthographies)
  • déss (Eastern orthographies)

EtymologyEdit

From Latin decem.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /des/, [deːs]
  • IPA(key): /des/, [deːh], [deːʰ], [deː] (High Brescian and Bergamasque)
  • IPA(key): /des/, [deːʃ] (Ticinese and Valtellinese)

NumeralEdit

des

  1. ten.

Middle DutchEdit

ArticleEdit

des

  1. masculine/neuter genitive singular of die

Middle EnglishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

NounEdit

des

  1. Alternative form of deis (“dais”)

Etymology 2Edit

NounEdit

des

  1. plural of de (“die”)

NounEdit

des

  1. Alternative form of dees (“die”)

Old PortugueseEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Late Latin dē ex.

PronunciationEdit

PrepositionEdit

des

  1. since (from a time)

DescendantsEdit

  • Galician: des
  • Portuguese: dês

Forms combined with de:

PiedmonteseEdit

Piedmontese cardinal numbers
 <  9 10 11  > 
    Cardinal : des

EtymologyEdit

From Latin decem, from Proto-Italic *dekem. Cognates include Italian diece and French dix.

PronunciationEdit

NumeralEdit

des

  1. ten

RomanianEdit

EtymologyEdit

Inherited from Latin dēnsus (“dense; frequent”), from Proto-Indo-European *dens- (“thick, dense”). Doublet of dens, a borrowing.

PronunciationEdit

AdjectiveEdit

des m or n (feminine singular deasă, masculine plural deși, feminine and neuter plural dese)

  1. frequent, often
  2. abundant, copious
  3. dense, thick

DeclensionEdit

Declension of des
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative/
accusative 		indefinite des deasă deși dese
definite desul deasa deșii desele
genitive/
dative 		indefinite des dese deși dese
definite desului desei deșilor deselor

AntonymsEdit

  • (frequent): rar

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

See alsoEdit

SpanishEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈdes/ [ˈd̪es]
  • Rhymes: -es
  • Syllabification: des

Etymology 1Edit

From Late Latin dē ex.

PrepositionEdit

des

  1. (rare) since
Derived termsEdit

Further readingEdit

Etymology 2Edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

NounEdit

des f pl

  1. plural of de

Etymology 3Edit

VerbEdit

des

  1. inflection of dar:
    1. second-person singular present subjunctive
    2. second-person singular voseo present subjunctive

Tok PisinEdit

EtymologyEdit

From English desk.

NounEdit

des

  1. desk

WelshEdit

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

des

  1. first-person singular preterite colloquial of dod

MutationEdit

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
des ddes nes unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

ZazakiEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Iranian *dáca (“ten”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥ (“ten”).

NumeralEdit

des

  1. ten
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