Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/baraz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

edit

Alternative forms

edit

Etymology

edit

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰors- or *bʰor-es- (more traditionally reconstructed as *bʰars-), the further origin of which is uncertain; possibly from or related to *bʰers- (tip, bristle; pointy, prickly) (compare *barsaz, *burstiz), the sense of which may be preserved in the North Germanic descendants. For the semantic development, compare Albanian halë (pointed tip, splinter; awn; pine needle).
Cognate with Latin far n (emmer; grits) and fārīna f (flour), Faliscan 𐌅𐌀𐌓 (far, emmer wheat), Proto-Slavic *boršьno (flour), Old Irish bairgen f (bread, loaf), Welsh bara (bread), Breton bara (bread), Old Cornish bara, Albanian bar (grass), Proto-Slavic *bъrъ (foxtail millet) and perhaps Latvian barĩba (food).[1]

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

*baraz n[1][2]

  1. awn ?
    Synonym: *ahanō
  2. (North Germanic) spiky leaves
  3. barley
    Synonym: *gerstō

Inflection

edit
z-stemDeclension of *baraz (z-stem)
singular plural
nominative *baraz *barizō
vocative *baraz *barizō
accusative *baraz *barizō
genitive *bariziz *barizǫ̂
dative *barizi *barizumaz
instrumental *barizē *barizumiz

Derived terms

edit

Descendants

edit
  • Old Norse: barr (barley; pine needles)

References

edit
  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Guus Kroonen (2013) “*bariz- ~ *barza-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 52
  2. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*ƀaraz ~ *ƀariz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 36
  3. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*barizīnaz[sic]”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology[3], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 37