bara
English edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Short for barazoku, from Japanese 薔薇族 (barazoku, literally “rose tribe”), the name of Japan's first modern gay men's magazine, named after a post-World War II term for gay men.
Noun edit
bara (uncountable)
- (Internet slang) A genre of homoerotic media, usually manga and often pornographic, made by gay men for gay men in Japan.
- (Internet slang) Gay male media of a similar style and aesthetic, regardless of the creator's gender or ethnicity.
- (Internet slang) Any homoerotic media or pornography that accentuates macho masculinity; gay porn.
Usage notes edit
- The term barazoku was once relatively more common in the Japanese gay community (the magazine Barazoku starting publication in 1971), but has long since gone out of fashion in Japan, having been replaced by terms like ガチムチ (gachimuchi).
- The term bara often contrasts with yaoi, which is gay male media usually made by heterosexual women to appeal to other heterosexual women. Whereas bara typically emphasizes masculine homoeroticism and frank explicit sexual situations, yaoi typically emphasizes the androgynous bishonen aesthetic and depicts emotional romantic relationships.
Etymology 2 edit
Shortening of capybara.
Noun edit
bara (plural baras)
Anagrams edit
Afar edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bará f
Declension edit
Declension of bará | ||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
absolutive | bará | |||||||||||||||||
predicative | bará | |||||||||||||||||
subjective | bará | |||||||||||||||||
genitive | bará | |||||||||||||||||
|
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bára
- predicative of bár
References edit
- E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985) An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN, page 68
- Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)[1], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)
Breton edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Celtic *bargos, *barginā (“cake, bread”) (compare Welsh bara, Old Cornish bara, Old Irish bairgen f (“bread, loaf; food, plain diet”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰers- (“spike, prickle”) (Old Norse barr (“corn, grain, barley”), Latin far (“spelt”), Serbo-Croatian бра̏шно/brȁšno).[1]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bara m (plural baraioù)
Inflection edit
Derived terms edit
- bara amanenn
- bara an aelez
- bara an aoter
- bara ar Rouanez
- bara brizh
- bara du
- bara gwenn
- bara krazet
- bara-an-evn
- bara-an-hoc'h
- bara-an-ozhac'h-kozh
- bara-choanenn
- bara-chokolad
- bara-gad
- bara-gavr
- bara-kann
- bara-koukoug
- bara-laezh
- bara-ludu
- bara-mel
- bara-mor
- bara-oaled
- bara-rezin
- bara-tiegezh
- baraa
- baraek
- baraenn
- baraer
- baraerezh
- baraiñ
References edit
- ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998), “bara”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden; Boston; Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 17
Cebuano edit
Pronunciation edit
- Hyphenation: ba‧ra
Noun edit
bara
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From Caribbean Hindustani baara, from Hindi बार (bār).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bara m (plural bara's)
- (Suriname) a deep-fried doughnut-shaped snack made of mung bean flour
- 2021 July 4, “Gezellige sfeer bij vaccinatie in PL-centrum [Congenial atmosphere at vaccination drive at PL party centre]”, in StarNieuws[2], retrieved 7 December 2022:
- Uit enkele speakers dendert soca en zouk muziek[sic]. In de lucht hangt de geur van versgebakken bara's en kip.
- Soca and zouk music thumps from a couple of loudspeakers. The smell of freshly fried baras and chicken wafts through the air.
Faroese edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Verb edit
bara (third person singular past indicative baraði, third person plural past indicative baraðu, supine barað)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of bara (group v-30) | ||
---|---|---|
infinitive | bara | |
supine | barað | |
participle (a6)1 | barandi | baraður |
present | past | |
first singular | bari | baraði |
second singular | barar | baraði |
third singular | barar | baraði |
plural | bara | baraðu |
imperative | ||
singular | bara! | |
plural | barið! | |
1Only the past participle being declined. |
Etymology 2 edit
Adverb edit
bara
Synonyms edit
- (I wish): gævi
French edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bara m (uncountable)
- (Ivory Coast slang) work, labour
- 2019 April 1, La rappeuse NASH, “La rappeuse NASH nommée ambassadrice nationale UNICEF”, in A UNICEF press release, spread by Ivorian.net, Fratmat, Allafrica, Afrique Femme, Abidjan TV, Ivoire Soir, Africa Hot News:
- Ma science pour les gopios, c’est de : couman fah-fah avec eux, prendre dra de leur melanhement, de leur miria, djaouli ceux qui veulent fraya au souklou, ou avoir un bara djidji par rapport à un graya général demso, decrou un bon soutrali par rapport à les bognan et leur gué un nouveau douahou et mettre mon fangan au-devant pour leurs wés.
- My science for the children is: to do some plain talk with them, discover their troubles, their concerns, to make provisions for those who want to go to school, or to have some real work in relation to a general sustenance, to render some good help in relation to their problems and give them a new chance, and to apply my power for their dreams.
Verb edit
bara
- (Ivory Coast slang) to work, to labour
Hausa edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
barā̀ m (feminine baranyā̀, plural barōrī, possessed form baràn)
- servant
- A young person who out of respect volunteers to work for someone from time to time.
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bar̃ā̀ f (plural bàr̃ā̀ce-bàr̃ā̀ce, possessed form bar̃àr̃)
Etymology 3 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bā̀r̃ā f (possessed form bā̀r̃ar̃)
- one's focus (e.g., in aiming at or attempting to catch something)
Etymology 4 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bā̀ra f (possessed form bā̀rar̃)
Adverb edit
bā̀ra
Hiligaynon edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Spanish vara/barra.
Noun edit
bára
Ibatan edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Austronesian *baʀaq.
Noun edit
bara
Icelandic edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse *bara (“barely, only”), from *barr, Old West Norse berr, from Proto-Germanic *bazaz (“bare”). Compare Swedish bara.
Adverb edit
bara
- only, just, if only
- Ég á bara 200 krónur.
- I only have 200 krónur.
- Bara að hann hringi í mig...
- If only he'd call me...
- (emphatic, postpositive) only, just
- Þegiðu bara!
- Just shut up!
- Gerðu þetta bara og þegiðu!
- Just do it and shut up.
Synonyms edit
- (emphatic: just): barasta
Derived terms edit
- af því bara (aþþí bara, af því barasta; just because)
Ilocano edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Austronesian *baʀaq.
Noun edit
bara
Indonesian edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
bara (first-person possessive baraku, second-person possessive baramu, third-person possessive baranya)
Iraqw edit
Adverb edit
bara
References edit
- Mous, Maarten; Qorro, Martha; Kießling, Roland (2002) Iraqw-English Dictionary (Kuschitische Sprachstudien), volume 18, Köln, Germany: Rüdiger Köppe Verlag, →ISBN, page 11
Irish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Irish bara (“flow; intention, design”). Probably related to Middle Irish baramail (“opinion, expectation”).
Noun edit
bara f (genitive singular bara, nominative plural baraí)
Etymology 2 edit
From Middle Irish bara (“barrow”), borrowed from Old Norse barar.
Noun edit
bara m (genitive singular bara, nominative plural baraí)
Derived terms edit
- bara láimhe (“hand-barrow”)
- bara rotha (“wheel-barrow”)
Declension edit
Mutation edit
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
bara | bhara | mbara |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading edit
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “bara”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 bara”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “2 bara”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Entries containing “bara” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “bara” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
Italian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Borrowed from Lombardic bāra (“bier, litter”), from Proto-West Germanic *beran, from Proto-Germanic *beraną (“to carry”). Compare German Bahre (“bier, stretcher”).
Noun edit
bara f (plural bare)
- bier (litter to transport the corpse of a dead person)
- coffin (box in which a person is buried)
- Synonym: (regional) tabuto
- Il cadavere fu deposto nella bara.
- The body was placed in the coffin.
- (obsolete) litter, stretcher
- (religion) a carriage used to transport a saint's relics
- an animal-drawn carriage typical of Tuscany and Liguria
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb edit
bara
- inflection of barare:
Further reading edit
- bara in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Anagrams edit
Jamaican Creole edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
bara
- Alternative form of borrow.
- 1995, English World-wide, volumes 16-17, Julius Groos Verlag, page 214:
- “So , mii en ha fi fain mi uona wie fi se ina Jamiekan aal kain a sinting we piipl a taak bout wen dem a stodi langgwij . Mek mi shuo unu wa ... Mi bara di Rasta wod 'grounieshan' we dem yuuz fi seshan we dem miit an riizn . Mi tek i an yuuz i fi [...]”
- Well, I had to find my own way to express all sorts of things in Jamaican Creole which people talk about when they study languages. Let me show you what [...] I'm borrowing the Rasta word "Grounation" which they use for sessions where they get together and discuss important matters. I took it and used it to [...]
Japanese edit
Romanization edit
bara
Javanese edit
Other scripts | |
---|---|
Carakan | ꦧꦫ |
Roman | bara |
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Numeral edit
bara
Kikuyu edit
Pronunciation edit
- As for Tonal Class, Benson (1964) classifies this term into Class 1 with a disyllabic stem, together with ndaka, and so on.
- (Kiambu)
- (Limuru) As for Tonal Class, Yukawa (1981) classifies this term into a group including cindano, huko, iburi, igego, igoti, ini (pl. mani), inooro, irigũ, irũa, iturubarĩ (pl. maturubarĩ), kĩbaata, kĩmũrĩ, kũgũrũ, mũciĩ, mũgeni, mũgũrũki, mũmbirarũ, mũndũ, mũri, mũthuuri, mwaki (“fire”), mwario (“way of speaking”), mbogoro, nda, ndaka, ndigiri, ngo, njagathi, njogu, nyondo (“breast(s)”), and so on.[1]
Noun edit
bara class 9/10 (plural bara)
References edit
- “barabara” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary, p. 24. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
- ^ Yukawa, Yasutoshi (1981). "A Tentative Tonal Analysis of Kikuyu Nouns: A Study of Limuru Dialect." In Journal of Asian and African Studies, No. 22, 75–123.
Laboya edit
Preposition edit
bara
References edit
- Rina, A. Dj.; Kabba, John Lado B. (2011), “bara”, in Kamus Bahasa Lamboya, Kabupaten Sumba Bakat [Dictionary of Lamboya Language, West Sumba Regency], Waikabubak: Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata, Kabupaten Sumba Bakat, page 8
Latvian edit
Noun edit
bara m
Malay edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baʀah, from Proto-Austronesian *baʀah.
Pronunciation edit
- (Johor-Selangor) IPA(key): /barə/
- (Riau-Lingga) IPA(key): /bara/
- Rhymes: -arə, -rə, -ə
- Rhymes: -a
Noun edit
bara (Jawi spelling بارا, plural bara-bara, informal 1st possessive baraku, 2nd possessive baramu, 3rd possessive baranya)
Derived terms edit
Regular affixed derivations:
- pembaraan [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
- perbara [causative passive] (peR-)
- perbaraan [causative passive + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peR- + -an)
- membara [agent focus] (meN-)
- membarai [agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (meN- + -i)
- berbara [stative / habitual] (beR-)
Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:
Descendants edit
- Indonesian: bara
References edit
- "bara" in Kamus Dewan, Fourth Edition, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, →ISBN, 2005.
- “bara” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Mansaka edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bajaq, compare Old Javanese warah.
Verb edit
bara
- to warn
Maranao edit
Noun edit
bara
Old High German edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-West Germanic *bāru, from Proto-Germanic *bērō, whence also Old English bēr.
Noun edit
bāra f
Descendants edit
Old Swedish edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse bera, bara (East Old Norse), from Proto-Germanic *bazōną.
Verb edit
bara
Conjugation edit
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from French barrer (“to bar”).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
a bara (third-person singular present barează, past participle barat) 1st conj.
- to bar, to block
- Synonym: bloca
- to strike through
Conjugation edit
infinitive | a bara | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | barând | ||||||
past participle | barat | ||||||
number | singular | plural | |||||
person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
indicative | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | barez | barezi | barează | barăm | barați | barează | |
imperfect | baram | barai | bara | baram | barați | barau | |
simple perfect | barai | barași | bară | bararăm | bararăți | barară | |
pluperfect | barasem | baraseși | barase | baraserăm | baraserăți | baraseră | |
subjunctive | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | să barez | să barezi | să bareze | să barăm | să barați | să bareze | |
imperative | — | tu | — | — | voi | — | |
affirmative | barează | barați | |||||
negative | nu bara | nu barați |
Rwanda-Rundi edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Bantu *-bàda.
Verb edit
-bara (infinitive kubara, perfective -baze)
Serbo-Croatian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bara.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bȁra f (Cyrillic spelling ба̏ра)
Declension edit
Noun edit
bara (Cyrillic spelling бара)
References edit
- “bara” in Hrvatski jezični portal
Shona edit
Etymology edit
From Portuguese bala.
Noun edit
bará class 5 (plural mapará class 6)
Swahili edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Arabic بَرّ (barr, “mainland”).
Pronunciation edit
Audio (Kenya) (file)
Noun edit
bara (n class, plural bara) or bara (ma class, plural mabara)
- mainland
- continent
- Synonym: kontinenti
See also edit
(continents) mabara; Afrika (“Africa”), Amerika (“America”), Antaktika (“Antarctica”) or Antaktiki, Asia (“Asia”), Ulaya (“Europe”) or Uropa, Amerika ya Kaskazini (“North America”), Australia (“Oceania”), Amerika ya Kusini (“South America”) (Category: sw:Continents) [edit]
Swedish edit
Etymology edit
From Old Swedish bara, from Old Norse *bara (“barely, only”), from *barr, from Proto-Germanic *bazaz (“bare”). Compare Icelandic bara.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
bara
Adverb edit
bara (not comparable)
- just, only
- Jag ska bara läsa den här sidan också.
- I'll just read this page too.
- Vi har bara en bil.
- We have only one car.
Alternative forms edit
- ba (colloquial)
Synonyms edit
References edit
- bara in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- bara in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- bara in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
- Lövestam, Sara (2023), “BARA är inte alltid så bara”, in Språktidningen (in Swedish), issue 4, Vetenskapsmedia, →ISSN
Anagrams edit
Tagalog edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Spanish barrar (“to mud”) or Spanish varar (“to strand”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bará
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bara
Related terms edit
Etymology 3 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bara
Derived terms edit
Ternate edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bara
References edit
- Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh
Turkish edit
Noun edit
bara
Welsh edit
Pronunciation edit
- (North Wales) IPA(key): /ˈbara/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˈba(ː)ra/
- Rhymes: -ara
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Celtic *bargos, *barginā (“cake, bread”) (compare Breton bara, Old Cornish bara, Old Irish bairgen f (“bread, loaf; food, plain diet”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰers- (“spike, prickle”) (Old Norse barr (“corn, grain, barley”), Latin far (“spelt”), Serbo-Croatian бра̏шно/brȁšno).
Noun edit
bara m (plural bara)
- bread
- (figuratively) food, meal, sustenance
- (figuratively) means of subsistence, livelihood
Derived terms edit
Mutation edit
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
bara | unchanged | ||
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading edit
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “bara”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb edit
bara
- Soft mutation of para.
Mutation edit
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
para | bara | mhara | phara |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |