Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fraberaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *fra- (“off, away (from), completely”) +‎ *beraną (“to bear, carry”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˌɸrɑ.ˈbe.rɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*fraberaną

1. to hold back or keep away (from); restrain or refrain (oneself) from
2. to bear throughout; endure

Inflection

Conjugation of *fraberaną (strong class 4)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*fraberō	*fraberaų	—	*fraberai	?
2nd singular	*frabirizi	*fraberaiz	*fraber	*fraberazai	*fraberaizau
3rd singular	*frabiridi	*fraberai	*fraberadau	*fraberadai	*fraberaidau
1st dual	*fraberōz	*fraberaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*fraberadiz	*fraberaidiz	*fraberadiz	—	—
1st plural	*fraberamaz	*fraberaim	—	*fraberandai	*fraberaindau
2nd plural	*frabirid	*fraberaid	*frabirid	*fraberandai	*fraberaindau
3rd plural	*fraberandi	*fraberain	*fraberandau	*fraberandai	*fraberaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*frabar	*frabērį̄
2nd singular	*frabart	*frabērīz
3rd singular	*frabar	*frabērī
1st dual	*frabērū	*frabērīw
2nd dual	*frabērudiz	*frabērīdiz
1st plural	*frabērum	*frabērīm
2nd plural	*frabērud	*frabērīd
3rd plural	*frabērun	*frabērīn
	present	past
participles	*fraberandz	*fraburanaz

Derived terms

• *fraburþiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *fraberan
  • Old English: forberan
    • Middle English: forberen
      • English: forbear
      • Scots: forbere, forbeir
  • Old Frisian: forbera
    • ⇒ Old Frisian: forbernisse
  • Old Saxon: *farberan
    • ⇒ Middle Low German: vorbörnisse, vörbȫrnisse
  • Old Dutch: *farberan
    • ⇒ Middle Dutch: verboornisse, verbeurnisse
  • Old High German: *farberan, *firberan, ferberan
    • Middle High German: verbërn
      • Cimbrian: vorbèeran
• Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽 (frabairan)