Etymology 1
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From Middle English restreinen, a borrowing from Old French restreindre, from Latin rēstringere, present active infinitive of rēstringō (“fasten, tighten”).
Pronunciation
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- IPA(key): /ɹɪˈstɹeɪn/
- Rhymes: -eɪn
- Hyphenation: re‧strain
restrain (third-person singular simple present restrains, present participle restraining, simple past and past participle restrained)
- (transitive) To control or keep in check.
1875, Russell Thacher Trall, The Mother's Hygienic Hand-book, page 42:As with vicarious mismenstruation, the abnormal cessation only requires strict attention to the general health, with such measures to restrain hemorrhage as have already been indicated.
- (transitive) To deprive of liberty.
- (transitive) To restrict or limit.
- He was restrained by the straitjacket.
2013 May 17, George Monbiot, “Money just makes the rich suffer”, in The Guardian Weekly[1], volume 188, number 23, page 19:In order to grant the rich these pleasures, the social contract is reconfigured. […] The public realm is privatised, the regulations restraining the ultra-wealthy and the companies they control are abandoned, and Edwardian levels of inequality are almost fetishised.
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Related terms
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Translations
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to control or keep in check
- Armenian: զսպել (hy) (zspel)
- Bulgarian: сдържам (bg) (sdǎržam), въздържам (bg) (vǎzdǎržam)
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 克制 (zh) (kèzhì)
- Czech: mít pod kontrolou
- Dutch: beteugelen (nl)
- Finnish: hillitä (fi), hallita (fi)
- French: retenir (fr)
- Galician: cavidar (archaic), reprimir (gl)
- German: (formally) zügeln (de)
- Greek:
- Ancient: κωλύω (kōlúō), ἐρύκω (erúkō)
- Irish: coisc
- Italian: trattenere (it), sorvegliare (it), trattenersi (it)
- Latin: reprimō, teneo (la), refrēnō
- Maori: whakatina, whakatōnga (one's own feelings), nati, nanati, whakaita
- Occitan: mestrejar (oc), reténer (oc), conténer (oc)
- Portuguese: conter (pt), coibir (pt), deter (pt)
- Romanian: reține (ro), înfrâna (ro)
- Russian: сде́рживать (ru) impf (sdérživatʹ), сдержа́ть (ru) pf (sderžátʹ), обу́здывать (ru) impf (obúzdyvatʹ), обузда́ть (ru) pf (obuzdátʹ)
- Scottish Gaelic: srian
- Spanish: reprimir (es)
- Thai: ควบคุม (th) (kûuap-kum)
- Ukrainian: стри́мувати (strýmuvaty)
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to deprive of liberty
- Bulgarian: задържам (bg) (zadǎržam)
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 抑 (zh) (yì)
- Czech: zbavit svobody, omezit (cs)
- Dutch: onderdrukken (nl)
- Finnish: kukistaa (fi)
- French: réprimer (fr)
- German: einschränken (de), behindern (de)
- Hungarian: korlátoz (hu)
- Italian: trattenere (it)
- Latin: compescō
- Maori: whakaita
- Occitan: déténer, reténer (oc)
- Portuguese: encarcerar, reprimir (pt)
- Romanian: a ține închis, deține (ro), reține (ro)
- Russian: заключа́ть (ru) impf (zaključátʹ), заключи́ть (ru) pf (zaključítʹ), заде́рживать (ru) impf (zadérživatʹ), задержа́ть (ru) pf (zaderžátʹ), лиша́ть свобо́ды impf (lišátʹ svobódy), лиши́ть свобо́ды pf (lišítʹ svobódy)
- Spanish: retener (es)
- Thai: กักขัง (th) (gàk-kǎng)
- Ukrainian: позбавля́ти во́лі (pozbavljáty vóli)
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to restrict or limit
- Armenian: զսպել (hy) (zspel)
- Bulgarian: възпирам (bg) (vǎzpiram), ограничавам (bg) (ograničavam)
- Czech: oklešťovat, restringovat, provést restrikci, omezit (cs)
- Dutch: beperken (nl), begrenzen (nl), beteugelen (nl)
- Finnish: pidättää (fi), rajoittaa (fi)
- French: restreindre (fr)
- German: abgrenzen (de), begrenzen (de), eingrenzen (de)
- Hungarian: korlátoz (hu)
- Italian: ridurre (it), contenere (it), restringere (it), limitare (it), delimitare (it)
- Maori: tautāwhi
- Portuguese: restringir (pt), conter (pt)
- Romanian: restrânge (ro), opri (ro), împiedica (ro), îngrădi (ro)
- Russian: сде́рживать (ru) impf (sdérživatʹ), сдержа́ть (ru) pf (sderžátʹ), ограни́чивать (ru) impf (ograníčivatʹ), ограни́чить (ru) pf (ograníčitʹ)
- Scottish Gaelic: srian
- Spanish: restringir (es)
- Thai: ยับยั้ง (th) (yáp-yáng)
- Ukrainian: стри́мувати (strýmuvaty), обме́жувати (obméžuvaty)
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Etymology 2
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re- + strain
restrain (third-person singular simple present restrains, present participle restraining, simple past and past participle restrained)
- (transitive) To strain again.
1998, Elena Molokhovets, Classic Russian Cooking, page 360:Squeeze the juice from 3 oranges and let the juice stand. Then pour it off, strain, and mix with the syrup. Restrain the liquid and chill in a mold.
Anagrams
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