Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wérsēn
Proto-Indo-European
editEtymology
editUncertain; possibly from *h₁wers- (“to rain, sprinkle (water, urine, semen)”),[1] or perhaps from *wers- (“to rise (up)”)[2] + *-ḗn.
Noun
edit*wérsēn m (oblique stem *wr̥sn̥-)[3][4]
Inflection
editAthematic, hysterokinetic | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | |||
nominative | *wérsēn | ||
genitive | *wr̥snés | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative | *wérsēn | *wérsenh₁(e) | *wérsenes |
vocative | *wérsen | *wérsenh₁(e) | *wérsenes |
accusative | *wérsenm̥ | *wérsenh₁(e) | *wérsenm̥s |
genitive | *wr̥snés | *? | *wr̥snóHom |
ablative | *wr̥snés | *? | *wr̥sn̥mós |
dative | *wr̥snéy | *? | *wr̥sn̥mós |
locative | *wérsen, *wérseni | *? | *wr̥sn̥sú |
instrumental | *wr̥snéh₁ | *? | *wr̥sn̥mís |
Alternative reconstructions
editRelated terms
edit- *wrés-i-s ~ *wr̥s-y-és
- *wr̥s-yó-s
Derived terms
edit- *gʷou-wr̥sēn[10] or *gʷeh₃u-wr̥sēn[3][4] or *gʷh₃u-wr̥sēn (“bull”)[3] (+ *gʷou- (“cattle”))
- Proto-Germanic: *kursô (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gauwr̥šyás
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *gauwr̥šyás
- Sanskrit: गोवृष (govṛṣa)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *gauwr̥šyás
- Proto-Tocharian: *kauwärṣän (see there for further descendants)
- *wr̥sn̥-bʰó-s[11][6]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *(w)r̥šabʰás
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *(w)r̥ṣabʰás
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *(w)r̥šabʰás
- *wr̥sn-í-s
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wr̥šníš (“ram”) (see there for further descendants)
- Unsorted formations:
Descendants
edit- >? Proto-Armenian:[1] (or < *wr̥h₁ḗn (“lamb”))
- Old Armenian: գառն (gaṙn, “lamb”) (see there for further descendants)
- >? Proto-Armenian:
- Old Armenian: առն (aṙn, “wild ram”) (see there for further descendants)
- >? Proto-Germanic: *(w)urzô ~ *ūrziniz (“grouse”) (see there for further descendants)
- >? Proto-Germanic: *(w)urznô (“boar, male pig”)[12]
- Proto-Hellenic: *(w)érsēn, *(w)ə́rsēn
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *(w)ŕ̥šā (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *wersēn or *worsēn[8]
References
edit- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Pokorny, Julius (1959) “u̯ₑr̥sen-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1170
- ^ Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2000) Das Perfekt im Indoiranischen, page 476f
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Pronk, Tijmen (2009) “(v)ṛṣabhá-, Greek ἂρσην, ἔρσην: the spraying bull of Indo-European?”, in Historische Sprachforschung, volume 122, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht: “.*uers-ēn, acc.sg. *urs-en-m, gen.sg. *urs-n-os”
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “άρσην,-ενος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 141: “*uers-n- ‘male’”
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “u̯r̥sen-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 81
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) “1. *u̯ers-”, in Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 722-724: “*wŕ̥s-en-”
- ^ Kölligan, Daniel (2017–2018) “Chapter XX: Proto-Indo-European”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Proto-Indo-European, page 2275: “*(h₁)r̥sen-”
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “verrēs, -is”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 666: “*h₂u̯ŕ̥s-en-”
- ^ Vercoullie, Jozef (1925) “reus”, in Beknopt etymologisch woordenboek der Nederlandsche taal (in Dutch), 's-Gravenhage: Nijhoff, page 287
- ^ Adams, Douglas Q. (2017–2018) “Chapter XII: Tocharian”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Tocharian, page 1368: “*gʷou-wṛsen-”
- ^ Pronk, Tijmen (2009) “Sanskrit (v)r̥ṣabhá-, Greek ἄρσην, ἔρσην: the spraying bull of Indo-European?”, in Historische Sprachforschung, volume 122
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Hellquist, Elof (1922) “orne”, in Svensk etymologisk ordbok [Swedish etymological dictionary][1] (in Swedish), Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups förlag, page 553
- ^ Nikolaev, Sergei L., Starostin, Sergei A. (1994) “*wĕršē”, in A North Caucasian Etymological Dictionary[2], Moscow: Asterisk Publishers