Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yumurtka

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *yum (“stem for the round things”). Unclear relation with Proto-Tungusic *ụmụ̄kta (“egg”) which comes from the Proto-Tungusic *umū- (“to lay eggs”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?) According to the Altaicists, Turkic *yumurtka is from the same root as Umay Ana (“Goddess of birth”), but it was later influenced by the Turkic stem *yum.

Noun

*yumurtka

1. egg

Declension

Declension of *yumurtka

	singular 3)
nominative	*yumurtka
accusative	*yumurtkag, *yumurtkanï1)
genitive	*yumurtkanïŋ
dative	*yumurtkaka
locative	*yumurtkada
ablative	*yumurtkadan
allative	*yumurtkagaru
instrumental 2)	*yumurtkan
equative 2)	*yumurtkača
similative 2)	*yumurtkalayu
comitative 2)	*yumurtkalïgu

¹⁾ Originally used only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Chuvash: ҫӑмарта (śămart̬a)
• Common Turkic:

• Arghu:
  • Khalaj: yumurtqa
• Proto-Oghuz: *yumurtɣa
  • West Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish:
      • Azerbaijani: yumurta
      • Ottoman Turkish: یومورطه (yumurta), یومرطه (yumurta), یومرده (yumurda), یمورطه (yumurta), یمورده (yumurda)
        • Turkish: yumurta
        • Gagauz: yımırta
  • East Oghuz:
    • Salar: yumurta
    • Turkmen: ýumurtga
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: يِمِرْتْغا (yïmïrtɣa)
    • Uzbek: yumurtqa (dialect)
• Kipchak:
  • Kipchak: [script needed] (yumurtğa), [script needed] (yumurtqa)
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: йомортҡа (yomortqa)
    • Tatar: йомырка (yomırka)
  • Kipchak-Cuman:
    • Crimean Tatar: yumurta
    • Karachay-Balkar: джумуртха (cumurtxa)
    • Karaim: йымурта
    • Krymchak: йымырта
    • Kumyk: йымырткъа (yımırtqa)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Caspian:
      • Karakalpak: jumurtqa
      • Kazakh: жұмыртқа (jūmyrtqa)
      • Nogai: юмыртка (yumırtka)
    • Kyrgyz–Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: жумуртка (jumurtka)
      • Southern Altai: јымыртка (ǰïmïrtka)
• Siberian:
  • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (yumurtğa)
    • Western Yugur: [script needed] (yomut)
  • North Siberian:
    • Dolgan: һыммыт
    • Yakut: сымыыт (sımııt)
  • South Siberian:
    • Sayan Turkic:
      • Tofa: нюмурһа (ńumurha)
      • Tuvan: чуурга (çuurga)
    • Yenisei Turkic:
      • Khakas: нымырха (nımırxa)
      • Shor: нубуртқа (nuburtqa) ,нуртқа (nurtqa)

See also

Foods - *yẹ̄miĺčler, *yẹ̄miĺčsāyïn
Barley	barley: *arpa	Pea	beans, peas: *burčak	Wheat	farro, wheat: *bugday
Jujube	jujube: *yidge	Strawberry	strawberry: *yidgelek	Apple	apple: *almïla
Hazelnuts	hazelnut: *bōńurï	Walnuts	walnut: *yaŋgak	Honey	honey: *bạl
Millet	millet: *tạrïg	Onion	onion: *sōgun	Salt	salt: *tūŕ
Egg	egg: *yumurtka	Butter	butter: *yāg	Mushroom	mushroom: *kömbe
Radish	radish: *turp, *turma	Carrot	carrot: *turma

References

• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*jumurtka”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill