Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kweman

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Alternative forms

• *kwuman, *kuman (late)

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *kwemaną.

Verb

*kweman

1. to come

Inflection

Strong class 4
Infinitive	*kweman
1st sg. past	*kwam
3rd pl. past	*kwāmun
Past ptcple	*kuman
Infinitive	*kweman
Genitive infin.	*kwemannjas
Dative infin.	*kwemannjē
Instrum. infin.	*kwemannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*kwemu	*kwam
2nd singular	*kwimiʀi	*kwāmī
3rd singular	*kwimidi	*kwam
1st plural	*kwemum	*kwāmum
2nd plural	*kwimid	*kwāmud
3rd plural	*kwemand	*kwāmun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*kwemē	*kwāmī
2nd singular	*kwemēs	*kwāmī
3rd singular	*kwemē	*kwāmī
1st plural	*kwemēm	*kwāmīm
2nd plural	*kwemēþ	*kwāmīd
3rd plural	*kwemēn	*kwāmīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*kwim
Plural	*kwimid
	Present	Past
Participle	*kwemandī	*kuman

Descendants

• Old English: cuman
  • Middle English: comen, cumen
    • English: come, cum
      • Solombala English: комъ (kom)
    • Scots: cum
    • Yola: coome, come, cum
• Old Frisian: koma
  • North Frisian:

    Mooring: kaame

    Föhr-Amrum: kem

  • Saterland Frisian: kume
  • West Frisian: komme
• Old Saxon: kuman, queman, cuman
  • Middle Low German: kōmen, kommen, kamen
    • Low German: kamen
      • Dutch Low Saxon: kommen, kåmen
      • German Low German: komen
        • Plautdietsch: kome
• Old Dutch: cuman
  • Middle Dutch: cōmen
    • Dutch: komen, kommen
      • Afrikaans: kom
      • Berbice Creole Dutch: kumu
      • Javindo: kom
      • Jersey Dutch: kôme
      • Negerhollands: kom
      • Skepi Creole Dutch: kum, com, come
    • Limburgish: kómme
• Old High German: queman, chueman, kuman, cuman, chuman
  • Middle High German: quemen, kemen, kümen, kumen, komen
    • Alemannic German: choo, cho, cha

      Italian Walser: cheemen, cheme, cho, chomu, chéeme

    • Bavarian:

      Cimbrian: khemmen, khèmman, ken

      Mòcheno: kemmen

      Udinese: ckeman, kèmmin, khemen

    • Central Franconian: komme, kumme (some Ripuarian dialects, including Kölsch); kun, kunn, konn (Ripuarian; some Moselle Franconian dialects; chiefly dated), kunn, kuun, konn; kumme; komme

      Hunsrik: komme

    • German: kommen
    • Luxembourgish: kommen
    • Rhine Franconian:

      Pennsylvania German: kumme

    • Yiddish: קומען (kumen)