Wiktionary

koma

See also: Koma, kóma, and kòma

Chichewa edit

Pronunciation edit

Conjunction edit

koma

  1. but

Danish edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /koːma/, [ˈkʰoːma]

Etymology 1 edit

From Ancient Greek κῶμα (kôma, “deep sleep”).

Noun edit

koma c

  1. coma (deep sleep)

Etymology 2 edit

From Ancient Greek κόμη (kómē, “hair”).

Noun edit

koma c (singular definite komaen, not used in plural form)

  1. (astronomy) coma (a cloud of dust surrounding the nucleus of a comet)

References edit

Estonian edit

Etymology edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun edit

koma (genitive koma, partitive koma)

  1. (typography) comma
  2. (mathematics) decimal point

Declension edit

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Further reading edit

  • “koma”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009

Faroese edit

Etymology 1 edit

See below.

Noun edit

koma f (genitive singular komu, plural komur)

  1. arrival
Declension edit
Declension of koma
f1 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative koma koman komur komurnar
accusative komu komuna komur komurnar
dative komu komuni komum komunum
genitive komu komunnar koma komanna

Etymology 2 edit

From Old Norse koma, from Proto-Germanic *kwemaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷem-.

Verb edit

koma (third person singular past indicative kom, third person plural past indicative komu, supine komið)

  1. to come
  2. to arrive
    Nú eru vit komin til Havnar.
    Now we have arrived in Tórshavn.
  3. (intransitive, slang) to orgasm; to cum
    Eg komi nú!
    I'm about to cum!
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of koma (group v-63)
infinitive koma
supine komið
participle (a26)1 komandi komin
present past
first singular komi kom
second singular kemur komst
third singular kemur kom
plural koma komu
imperative
singular kom!
plural komið!
1Only the past participle being declined.

Finnish edit

Etymology edit

Internationalism (compare English coma). From Latin coma (“hair of the head”), from Ancient Greek κόμη (kómē, “hair”).

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈko(ː)mɑ/, [ˈko̞(ː)mɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -omɑ
  • Syllabification(key): ko‧ma

Noun edit

koma

  1. (astronomy) coma (cloud of dust surrounding the nucleus of a comet)
    Synonym: huntu

Declension edit

Inflection of koma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative koma komat
genitive koman komien
partitive komaa komia
illative komaan komiin
singular plural
nominative koma komat
accusative nom. koma komat
gen. koman
genitive koman komien
komainrare
partitive komaa komia
inessive komassa komissa
elative komasta komista
illative komaan komiin
adessive komalla komilla
ablative komalta komilta
allative komalle komille
essive komana komina
translative komaksi komiksi
abessive komatta komitta
instructive — komin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of koma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative komani komani
accusative nom. komani komani
gen. komani
genitive komani komieni
komainirare
partitive komaani komiani
inessive komassani komissani
elative komastani komistani
illative komaani komiini
adessive komallani komillani
ablative komaltani komiltani
allative komalleni komilleni
essive komanani kominani
translative komakseni komikseni
abessive komattani komittani
instructive — —
comitative — komineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative komasi komasi
accusative nom. komasi komasi
gen. komasi
genitive komasi komiesi
komaisirare
partitive komaasi komiasi
inessive komassasi komissasi
elative komastasi komistasi
illative komaasi komiisi
adessive komallasi komillasi
ablative komaltasi komiltasi
allative komallesi komillesi
essive komanasi kominasi
translative komaksesi komiksesi
abessive komattasi komittasi
instructive — —
comitative — kominesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative komamme komamme
accusative nom. komamme komamme
gen. komamme
genitive komamme komiemme
komaimmerare
partitive komaamme komiamme
inessive komassamme komissamme
elative komastamme komistamme
illative komaamme komiimme
adessive komallamme komillamme
ablative komaltamme komiltamme
allative komallemme komillemme
essive komanamme kominamme
translative komaksemme komiksemme
abessive komattamme komittamme
instructive — —
comitative — kominemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative komanne komanne
accusative nom. komanne komanne
gen. komanne
genitive komanne komienne
komainnerare
partitive komaanne komianne
inessive komassanne komissanne
elative komastanne komistanne
illative komaanne komiinne
adessive komallanne komillanne
ablative komaltanne komiltanne
allative komallenne komillenne
essive komananne kominanne
translative komaksenne komiksenne
abessive komattanne komittanne
instructive — —
comitative — kominenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative komansa komansa
accusative nom. komansa komansa
gen. komansa
genitive komansa komiensa
komainsarare
partitive komaansa komiaan
komiansa
inessive komassaan
komassansa 		komissaan
komissansa
elative komastaan
komastansa 		komistaan
komistansa
illative komaansa komiinsa
adessive komallaan
komallansa 		komillaan
komillansa
ablative komaltaan
komaltansa 		komiltaan
komiltansa
allative komalleen
komallensa 		komilleen
komillensa
essive komanaan
komanansa 		kominaan
kominansa
translative komakseen
komaksensa 		komikseen
komiksensa
abessive komattaan
komattansa 		komittaan
komittansa
instructive — —
comitative — komineen
kominensa

Related terms edit

Anagrams edit

Hausa edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /kóː.máː/
    • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA(key): [kʷóː.máː]

Noun edit

kōmā m (plural kōmā̀yē, possessed form kōman)

  1. fishing net

See also edit

Hungarian edit

Etymology edit

From a Slavic language, compare Polish kum.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): [ˈkomɒ]
  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: ko‧ma
  • Rhymes: -mɒ

Noun edit

koma (plural komák)

  1. (folksy) chum
    Synonyms: barát, pajtás, cimbora
  2. (dated, dialectal) godfather
    Synonyms: keresztapa, keresztkoma

Declension edit

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative koma komák
accusative komát komákat
dative komának komáknak
instrumental komával komákkal
causal-final komáért komákért
translative komává komákká
terminative komáig komákig
essive-formal komaként komákként
essive-modal — —
inessive komában komákban
superessive komán komákon
adessive kománál komáknál
illative komába komákba
sublative komára komákra
allative komához komákhoz
elative komából komákból
delative komáról komákról
ablative komától komáktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		komáé komáké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		komáéi komákéi
Possessive forms of koma
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. komám komáim
2nd person sing. komád komáid
3rd person sing. komája komái
1st person plural kománk komáink
2nd person plural komátok komáitok
3rd person plural komájuk komáik

Derived terms edit

Further reading edit

  • koma in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Icelandic edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Old Norse koma, from Proto-Germanic *kwemaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷem-.

Verb edit

koma (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative kom, third-person plural past indicative komu, supine komið)

  1. to come
    • 1928, Krummavísa (“Raven Song”, on the Icelandic Wikisource) by Jón Ásgeirsson
      Krummi krunkar úti,
      kallar á nafna sinn:
      „Ég fann höfud af hrúti
      hrygg og gæruskinn.“
      Komdu nú og kroppaðu með mér,
      krummi nafni minn.
      “Krummi croaks outside,
      calling his namesake:
      ‘I found the head of a ram,
      backbone and sheepskin.’
      Come now and peck with me,
      Krummi, my namesake.”
  2. to arrive
Declension edit

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

From Old Norse kváma; from the root of the verb koma.

Noun edit

koma f (genitive singular komu, nominative plural komur)

  1. arrival
Declension edit
declension of koma
f-w1 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative koma koman komur komurnar
accusative komu komuna komur komurnar
dative komu komunni komum komunum
genitive komu komunnar koma/komna komanna/komnanna
Derived terms edit

Anagrams edit

Indonesian edit

 
Indonesian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia id

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): [ˈkoma]
  • Rhymes: -ma, -a
  • Hyphenation: ko‧ma

Etymology 1 edit

From Dutch komma, from French comma, from Latin comma, from Ancient Greek κόμμα (kómma).

Noun edit

koma (first-person possessive komaku, second-person possessive komamu, third-person possessive komanya)

  1. (typography) comma: The punctuation mark ⟨,⟩ used to indicate a set off parts of a sentence or between elements of a list.
Alternative forms edit

Etymology 2 edit

From Dutch coma, from Ancient Greek κῶμα (kôma, “deep sleep”).

Noun edit

koma (first-person possessive komaku, second-person possessive komamu, third-person possessive komanya)

  1. (medicine, neurology) coma, a state of unconsciousness from which one may not wake up, usually induced by some form of trauma.

Etymology 3 edit

From Dutch coma, from Latin coma (“hair of the head”), from Ancient Greek κόμη (kómē, “hair”).

Noun edit

koma (first-person possessive komaku, second-person possessive komamu, third-person possessive komanya)

  1. (astronomy) coma, a cloud of dust surrounding the nucleus of a comet.

Further reading edit

Ingrian edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Russian ком (kom).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

koma

  1. hunk (large piece)

Declension edit

Declension of koma (type 3/koira, no gradation, gemination)
singular plural
nominative koma komat
genitive koman kommiin
partitive kommaa kommia
illative kommaa kommii
inessive komas komis
elative komast komist
allative komalle komille
adessive komal komil
ablative komalt komilt
translative komaks komiks
essive komanna, kommaan kominna, kommiin
exessive1) komant komint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms edit

References edit

  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 190

Japanese edit

Romanization edit

koma

  1. Rōmaji transcription of こま
  2. Rōmaji transcription of コマ

Kikuyu edit

Etymology edit

Hinde (1904) records kukoma as an equivalent of English sleep in “Jogowini dialect” of Kikuyu, listing also Kamba kukoma as its equivalent.[1]

Pronunciation edit

Verb edit

koma (infinitive gũkoma)

  1. to sleep, to lie down

Derived terms edit

(Verbs)

(Proverbs)

References edit

  1. ^ Hinde, Hildegarde (1904). Vocabularies of the Kamba and Kikuyu languages of East Africa, pp. 54–55. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Armstrong, Lilias E. (1940). The Phonetic and Tonal Structure of Kikuyu, p. 362. Rep. 1967. (Also in 2018 by Routledge).
  • “koma” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Lingala edit

Verb edit

-koma (infinitive kokoma)

  1. to write

See also edit

Norwegian Bokmål edit

 
Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

Etymology edit

From Ancient Greek κῶμα (kôma, “deep sleep”).

Noun edit

koma m (definite singular komaen)

  1. a coma

References edit

Norwegian Nynorsk edit

 
Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

Etymology 1 edit

From Ancient Greek κῶμα (kôma, “deep sleep”).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

koma m (definite singular komaen)

  1. a coma

Etymology 2 edit

From Old Norse koma, from Proto-Germanic *kwemaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷem-. Akin to English come.

Alternative forms edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /²koːmɑ/, /²kɔmːɑ/

Verb edit

koma (present tense kjem, past tense kom, past participle kome, passive infinitive komast, present participle komande, imperative kom)

  1. come (to move from further away to nearer to)
  2. come (to arrive)
    Når kjem du?
    When do you come?

See also edit

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of koma — (strong class 4)
infinitive koma, kome
present participle komande
past participle komen
supine kome
indicative present past
singular kjem, kjemer2 kom
plural1 koma komo
subjunctive present past
kome kjøme
imperative present
singular kom
plural1 kome
1Rare today. 2Unofficial today.

References edit

Old Norse edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Germanic *kwemaną (“to come”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷem- (“to step”). Cognate with Old English cuman, Old Frisian koma, Old Saxon kuman, queman, Old High German kuman, kweman, Gothic 𐌵𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽 (qiman).

Verb edit

koma (singular past indicative kom, plural past indicative kómu, past participle kominn)

  1. to come, arrive

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of koma — active (irregular, strong class 4)
infinitive koma
present participle komandi
past participle kominn
indicative present past
1st-person singular køm, kem kom, kvam
2nd-person singular kømr, kemr komt, kvamt
3rd-person singular kømr, kemr kom, kvam
1st-person plural komum kómum, kvámum
2nd-person plural komið kómuð, kvámuð
3rd-person plural koma kómu, kvámu
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular koma kœma, kvema
2nd-person singular komir kœmir, kvemir
3rd-person singular komi kœmi, kvemi
1st-person plural komim kœmim, kvemim
2nd-person plural komið kœmið, kvemið
3rd-person plural komi kœmi, kvemi
imperative present
2nd-person singular kom
1st-person plural komum
2nd-person plural komið
Conjugation of koma — mediopassive (irregular, strong class 4)
infinitive komask
present participle komandisk
past participle komizk
indicative present past
1st-person singular kømumk, kemumk komumk, kvamumk
2nd-person singular kømsk, kemsk komisk, kvamisk
3rd-person singular kømsk, kemsk komisk, kvamisk
1st-person plural komumsk kómumsk, kvámumsk
2nd-person plural komizk kómuzk, kvámuzk
3rd-person plural komask kómusk, kvámusk
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular komumk kœmumk, kvemumk
2nd-person singular komisk kœmisk, kvemisk
3rd-person singular komisk kœmisk, kvemisk
1st-person plural komimsk kœmimsk, kvemimsk
2nd-person plural komizk kœmizk, kvemizk
3rd-person plural komisk kœmisk, kvemisk
imperative present
2nd-person singular komask
1st-person plural komumsk
2nd-person plural komizk

Descendants edit

References edit

  • “koma”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old Swedish edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Old Norse koma, from Proto-Germanic *kwemaną.

Verb edit

koma

  1. to come
  2. to arrive

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of koma (strong)
present past
infinitive koma —
participle komandi, komande komin
active voice indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
iæk komber komi, kome — kām kōmi, kōme
þū komber komi, kome kom kāmt kōmi, kōme
han komber komi, kome — kām kōmi, kōme
vīr komum, komom komum, komom komum, komom kōmum, kōmom kōmum, kōmom
īr komin komin komin kōmin kōmin
þēr koma komin — kōmu, kōmo kōmin
mediopassive voice indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
iæk — — — — —
þū — — — — —
han — — — — —
vīr — — — — —
īr — — — — —
þēr — — — — —

Descendants edit

Polish edit

 
Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology edit

Learned borrowing from Latin coma.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

koma f

  1. (literary, medicine) coma (deep sleep)
    Synonym: śpiączka
    Hypernym: letarg
  2. (astronomy) coma (cloud surrounding a comet nucleu)

Declension edit

Declension of koma
singular plural
nominative koma komy
genitive komy kom
dative komie komom
accusative komę komy
instrumental komą komami
locative komie komach
vocative komo komy

Further reading edit

  • koma in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • koma in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Serbo-Croatian edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /kôma/
  • Hyphenation: ko‧ma

Noun edit

kȍma f (Cyrillic spelling ко̏ма)

  1. coma

Declension edit

Declension of koma
singular plural
nominative kȍma kome
genitive kome kȏmā
dative komi komama
accusative komu kome
vocative komo kome
locative komi komama
instrumental komom komama

Swahili edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

Verb edit

-koma (infinitive kukoma)

  1. to stop, cease, come to an end
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of -koma
Positive present -nakoma
Subjunctive -kome
Negative -komi
Imperative singular koma
Infinitives
Positive kukoma
Negative kutokoma
Imperatives
Singular koma
Plural komeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hukoma
Positive past positive subject concord + -likoma
Negative past negative subject concord + -kukoma
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakoma)
Singular Plural
1st person ninakoma/nakoma tunakoma
2nd person unakoma mnakoma
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anakoma wanakoma
other classes positive subject concord + -nakoma
Negative present (negative subject concord + -komi)
Singular Plural
1st person sikomi hatukomi
2nd person hukomi hamkomi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hakomi hawakomi
other classes negative subject concord + -komi
Positive future positive subject concord + -takoma
Negative future negative subject concord + -takoma
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kome)
Singular Plural
1st person nikome tukome
2nd person ukome mkome
3rd person m-wa(I/II) akome wakome
other classes positive subject concord + -kome
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sikome
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngekoma
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singekoma
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalikoma
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalikoma
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akoma)
Singular Plural
1st person nakoma twakoma
2nd person wakoma mwakoma
3rd person m-wa(I/II) akoma wakoma
m-mi(III/IV) wakoma yakoma
ji-ma(V/VI) lakoma yakoma
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chakoma vyakoma
n(IX/X) yakoma zakoma
u(XI) wakoma see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwakoma
pa(XVI) pakoma
mu(XVIII) mwakoma
Perfect positive subject concord + -mekoma
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshakoma
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jakoma
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kikoma
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipokoma
Consecutive kakoma / positive subject concord + -kakoma
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kakome
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nikoma -tukoma
2nd person -kukoma -wakoma/-kukomeni/-wakomeni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mkoma -wakoma
m-mi(III/IV) -ukoma -ikoma
ji-ma(V/VI) -likoma -yakoma
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kikoma -vikoma
n(IX/X) -ikoma -zikoma
u(XI) -ukoma see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kukoma
pa(XVI) -pakoma
mu(XVIII) -mukoma
Reflexive -jikoma
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -koma- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -komaye -komao
m-mi(III/IV) -komao -komayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -komalo -komayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -komacho -komavyo
n(IX/X) -komayo -komazo
u(XI) -komao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -komako
pa(XVI) -komapo
mu(XVIII) -komamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -koma)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yekoma -okoma
m-mi(III/IV) -okoma -yokoma
ji-ma(V/VI) -lokoma -yokoma
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chokoma -vyokoma
n(IX/X) -yokoma -zokoma
u(XI) -okoma see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kokoma
pa(XVI) -pokoma
mu(XVIII) -mokoma
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
Derived terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

 
Swahili Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sw

Borrowed from English comma.

Noun edit

koma (n class, plural koma)

  1. comma
Synonyms edit

See also edit

Punctuation

Swedish edit

Noun edit

koma c

  1. coma (prolonged, unnatural unconscious state)
  2. coma (of a comet)

Declension edit

Declension of koma 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative koma koman komor komorna
Genitive komas komans komors komornas

Related terms edit

References edit

Turkish edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈko.ma/
  • Hyphenation: ko‧ma

Etymology 1 edit

Borrowed from French coma.

Noun edit

koma (definite accusative komayı, plural komalar)

  1. coma

Etymology 2 edit

Verb edit

koma

  1. (dialectal) koyma

Vilamovian edit

Etymology edit

From Middle High German komat, itself borrowed from Polish chomąto (“horsecollar”).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

koma m

  1. horse collar
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