abis

See also: Abis, ABIs, àbiș, and abís

Albanian

Etymology

From Late Latin abyssus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [aˈbis]
• Rhymes: -is
• Hyphenation: a‧bís

Noun

abis m (plural abise, definite abisi, definite plural abiset)

1. (literary) abyss, deep

   Synonyms: humnerë, greminë, hon

Declension

Declension of abis

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	abis	abisi	abise	abiset
accusative		abisin
dative	abisi	abisit	abiseve	abiseve
ablative			abisesh

Further reading

• “abis”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎^[1] (in Albanian), 1980
• “abis”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
• Mann, S. E. (1948) “abís”, in An Historical Albanian–English Dictionary, London: Longmans, Green & Co., page 1

Ambonese Malay

Verb

abis

1. finish

Preposition

abis

1. after

Baba Malay

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /abis/

Verb

abis

1. alternative spelling of habis (“finish”)

Estonian

Noun

abis

1. inessive singular of abi

Iban

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈabɪs]
• Rhymes: -bis
• Hyphenation: a‧bis

Adjective

abis

1. completed; finished

Verb

abis

1. to complete; to finish

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈabɪs]
• Hyphenation: abis

Etymology 1

From English abyss, from Middle English abissus, from Late Latin abyssus (“a bottomless gulf”), from Ancient Greek ἄβυσσος (ábussos, “bottomless”), from ἀ- (a-, “not”) + βυσσός (bussós, “deep place”), from βυθός (buthós, “deep place”).

Noun

abis (first-person possessive abisku, second-person possessive abismu, third-person possessive abisnya)

1. (oceanography) abyssal zone.

Etymology 2

From Batak.

Verb

abis

1. infinitive, imperative, and colloquial of mengabis.

Derived terms

• mengabis

 

Etymology 3

Verb

abis

1. (colloquial) alternative form of habis

Further reading

• “abis” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Latin

Verb

abīs

1. second-person singular present active indicative of abeō

References

• abis in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

North Moluccan Malay

Etymology

From Classical Malay هابيس (habis).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.bis/

Verb

abis

1. (transitive) to finish

   de pake itu barang abis ― he finished using that thing

References

• Betty Litamahuputty (2012) Ternate Malay: Grammar and Texts

Old Irish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin abyssus, from Ancient Greek ἄβυσσος (ábussos).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈaβʲisʲ]? [ˈaβʲis]?

Noun

abis (gender unknown)

1. abyss
   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 51^d8

     is samlid insin rodaingnigestar Dia imna abissiu

     even so hath God made firm about the abysses

   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 55^d11

     Amal du·berad nech hi ceist do Dauid: “Húare is móir sléb fírinne Dǽ, cid ara fodmai-siu, ⟨a⟩ Dauid, didiu a ndu imnedaib ⁊ frithoircnib fo·daimi? Air it fírián-⟨s⟩u.” Ícaid-som didiu anísin, a n‑as·mbeir iudicia Domini abisus multa .i. ataat mesai Dǽ nephchomtetarrachti amal abis ⁊ amal fudumain. Is ed in sin fod·era in n‑erígim, cid ara fodaim int aís fírián inna fochaidi, ⁊ cid ara mbiat in pecthaig isnaib soinmechaib.

     As though someone had put as a question to David: “Because God’s righteousness is as great as a mountain, why then, David, dost thou suffer what of afflictions and injuries thou sufferest? For thou art righteous.” He solves that then when he says “iudicia Domini abyssus multa”, i.e. there are judgments of God incomprehensible like an abyss and like a depth. That is what causes the complaint why the righteous folk endure tribulations, and why sinners are in prosperity.

Inflection

The gender and declension class are unclear in Old Irish. It was possibly a masculine o-stem as in Latin, while in the later language it is a feminine ī-stem.

The only attested inflected form in Old Irish is accusative plural abissiu, which points to a masculine io-stem, but then the nominative singular would be *abisse.

Descendants

• Irish: aibhéis (possibly or partially)

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
abis (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	unchanged	n-abis
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “aibis, aibís”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French abysse.

Noun

abis n (plural abisuri)

1. abyss

Declension

Declension of abis

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) abis	abisul	(niște) abise	abisele
genitive/dative	(unui) abis	abisului	(unor) abise	abiselor
vocative	abisule		abiselor

Sardinian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈaβis/

Noun

abis f

1. plural of abi

Simalungun Batak

Noun

abis

1. take

References

• Zufri Hidayat et al. (2015). Kamus Bahasa Simalungun–Indonesia (2nd ed.). Medan: Balai Bahasa Provinsi Sumatera Utara, p. 20.

Turkish

Noun

abis (definite accusative abisi, plural abisler)

1. abyss

Declension

Inflection
Nominative	abis
Definite accusative	abisi
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	abis	abisler
Definite accusative	abisi	abisleri
Dative	abise	abislere
Locative	abiste	abislerde
Ablative	abisten	abislerden
Genitive	abisin	abislerin
Possessive forms Nominative Singular Plural 1st singular abisim abislerim 2nd singular abisin abislerin 3rd singular abisi abisleri 1st plural abisimiz abislerimiz 2nd plural abisiniz abisleriniz 3rd plural abisleri abisleri Definite accusative Singular Plural 1st singular abisimi abislerimi 2nd singular abisini abislerini 3rd singular abisini abislerini 1st plural abisimizi abislerimizi 2nd plural abisinizi abislerinizi 3rd plural abislerini abislerini Dative Singular Plural 1st singular abisime abislerime 2nd singular abisine abislerine 3rd singular abisine abislerine 1st plural abisimize abislerimize 2nd plural abisinize abislerinize 3rd plural abislerine abislerine Locative Singular Plural 1st singular abisimde abislerimde 2nd singular abisinde abislerinde 3rd singular abisinde abislerinde 1st plural abisimizde abislerimizde 2nd plural abisinizde abislerinizde 3rd plural abislerinde abislerinde Ablative Singular Plural 1st singular abisimden abislerimden 2nd singular abisinden abislerinden 3rd singular abisinden abislerinden 1st plural abisimizden abislerimizden 2nd plural abisinizden abislerinizden 3rd plural abislerinden abislerinden Genitive Singular Plural 1st singular abisimin abislerimin 2nd singular abisinin abislerinin 3rd singular abisinin abislerinin 1st plural abisimizin abislerimizin 2nd plural abisinizin abislerinizin 3rd plural abislerinin abislerinin

References

• “abis”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu