arany
See also: arány
Hungarian edit
| Chemical element | |
|---|---|
| Au | |
| Previous: platina (Pt) | |
| Next: higany (Hg) | |
Etymology edit
From Proto-Ugric *θarańa (“gold, copper”), earlier *sarańa,[1][2] compare Komi-Zyrian зарни (zarńi, “gold”), Eastern Mansi тарань (taranʹ), Eastern Khanty лорня̆ (lornjă, “copper”), Erzya сырне (sirńe). The Ugric word is probably a borrowing of Iranian origin,[1] compare Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬦𐬀 (zarańa), Old Persian 𐎭𐎼𐎴𐎹 (d-r-n-y /daraniya-/), Persian زر (zar, “gold”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
arany (countable and uncountable, plural aranyak)
- gold (elemental metal of great value)
- gold (coin made of gold)
- 1872, Mór Jókai, Az arany ember[1] (Timar’s Two Worlds),[2] part 1, chapter 10, translated by Mrs. Hegan Kennard:
- Itt e szekrénykében van készpénzem. Ezer arany az egész. A többi vagyonom a zsákokban fekszik, búza alakban. Egy írást hagytam asztalomon, melyet te tégy el; mert abban bizonyítom és elismerem először azt, hogy sok dinnyeevéstől dysenteriát kaptam, s abban halok meg, másodszor azt, hogy készpénzem csupán ezer arany; nehogy téged vádoljon valaki, vagy azzal, hogy halálomat okoztad, vagy hogy pénzemből eltettél.
- "Here in this casket is money—about a thousand ducats; the rest of my property is in the sacks packed as grain. I leave on my table a note which you must keep. I declare therein that I have contracted dysentery by immoderate enjoyment of melons, and am dying of it; further, that my whole possessions were only these thousand ducats. This will serve you as a security that no one may accuse you of having caused my death or embezzled my money.
- 1872, Mór Jókai, Az arany ember[1] (Timar’s Two Worlds),[2] part 1, chapter 10, translated by Mrs. Hegan Kennard:
- gold medal
- Synonym: aranyérem
- 2015 March 7, “Hatalmas bravúr: magyar Eb-arany atlétikában”, in Sport Géza[3], retrieved 2015-03-08:
- Magyar versenyző 1985-ben nyert legutóbb aranyat fedett Eb-n, akkor Bakos György 60 méter gáton és Pálóczi Gyula távolugrásban győzött.
- The last time a Hungarian competitor won gold at an indoor European Championships was in 1985, when György Bakos won the 60m hurdles and Gyula Pálóczi the long jump.
Declension edit
- The accusative of the surname Arany (most notably of János Arany) is Aranyt (as opposed to the common noun form aranyat).
- Its first-person singular possessive form is exceptionally aranyom in the term of address “my dear / darling / sweetheart” or “honey” (as opposed to regular aranyam (“my gold”)).
| Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | arany | aranyak |
| accusative | aranyat | aranyakat |
| dative | aranynak | aranyaknak |
| instrumental | arannyal | aranyakkal |
| causal-final | aranyért | aranyakért |
| translative | arannyá | aranyakká |
| terminative | aranyig | aranyakig |
| essive-formal | aranyként | aranyakként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | aranyban | aranyakban |
| superessive | aranyon | aranyakon |
| adessive | aranynál | aranyaknál |
| illative | aranyba | aranyakba |
| sublative | aranyra | aranyakra |
| allative | aranyhoz | aranyakhoz |
| elative | aranyból | aranyakból |
| delative | aranyról | aranyakról |
| ablative | aranytól | aranyaktól |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
aranyé | aranyaké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
aranyéi | aranyakéi |
| Possessive forms of arany | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | aranyam | aranyaim |
| 2nd person sing. | aranyad | aranyaid |
| 3rd person sing. | aranya | aranyai |
| 1st person plural | aranyunk | aranyaink |
| 2nd person plural | aranyatok | aranyaitok |
| 3rd person plural | aranyuk | aranyaik |
Derived terms edit
Compound words with this term at the beginning
Compound words with this term at the end
Expressions
Adjective edit
arany (not generally comparable, comparative aranyabb, superlative legaranyabb)
Declension edit
| Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | arany | aranyak |
| accusative | aranyat | aranyakat |
| dative | aranynak | aranyaknak |
| instrumental | arannyal | aranyakkal |
| causal-final | aranyért | aranyakért |
| translative | arannyá | aranyakká |
| terminative | aranyig | aranyakig |
| essive-formal | aranyként | aranyakként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | aranyban | aranyakban |
| superessive | aranyon | aranyakon |
| adessive | aranynál | aranyaknál |
| illative | aranyba | aranyakba |
| sublative | aranyra | aranyakra |
| allative | aranyhoz | aranyakhoz |
| elative | aranyból | aranyakból |
| delative | aranyról | aranyakról |
| ablative | aranytól | aranyaktól |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
aranyé | aranyaké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
aranyéi | aranyakéi |
References edit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 arany in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
- ^ Entry #1746 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
Further reading edit
- arany in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- arany in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)
Middle English edit
Noun edit
arany
- Alternative form of arayne