clone

See also: cloné

Contents

English

Etymology

Coined (in botany) in 1903, based on Ancient Greek κλών (klṓn, “twig”). Figurative use from the 1970s.

Pronunciation

• enPR: klōn
  • (General American) IPA^(key): /kloʊn/

  • Audio (US)

    (file)

  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /kləʊn/
• Rhymes: -əʊn

Noun

clone (plural clones)

1. A living organism (originally a plant) produced asexually from a single ancestor, to which it is genetically identical.
2. A group of identical cells derived from a single cell.[1]
3. A copy or imitation of something already existing, especially when designed to simulate it.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• holoclone
• meroclone

• paraclone
• polyclone

Translations

living organism (originally a plant)

• Asturian: clon m
• Catalan: clon m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 克隆 (zh) (kèlóng), 複製 (zh), 复制 (zh) (fùzhì)

• Dutch: kloon (nl)
• Finnish: klooni (fi)
• French: clone (fr) m
• Galician: clon m
• German: Klon (de) m

• Greek: κλώνος (el) m (klónos)
• Italian: clone (it) m
• Japanese: クローン (kurōn)
• Korean: 클론 (keullon)
• Malay: klon
• Portuguese: clone (pt) m
• Russian: клон (ru) m (klon)
• Spanish: clon (es) m
• Swedish: klon (sv) c

group of identical cells derived from a single cell

• Catalan: clon m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 克隆 (zh) (kèlóng), 複製 (zh), 复制 (zh) (fùzhì)

• Dutch: kloon (nl)
• Finnish: klooni (fi)
• French: clone (fr) m

• Galician: clon m
• Greek: κλώνος (el) m (klónos)
• Malay: klon
• Portuguese: clone (pt) m
• Swedish: klon (sv) c

copy of something already existing

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 複製 (zh), 复制 (zh) (fùzhì)

• Dutch: kloon (nl)
• Finnish: klooni (fi)
• French: clone (fr) m
• Greek: κλώνος (el) m (klónos)
• Ido: klono (io)

• Italian: clone (it) m
• Malay: klon
• Maori: pūrua
• Polish: klon (pl) m
• Portuguese: clone (pt) m
• Russian: клон (ru) m (klon), ко́пия (ru) f (kópija)
• Swedish: klon (sv) c, kopia (sv) c

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.

Translations to be checked

• German: ^{(please verify)} Klon (de) m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: ^{(please verify)} клон m

  Roman: ^{(please verify)} klon (sh) m

Verb

clone (third-person singular simple present clones, present participle cloning, simple past and past participle cloned)

1. (transitive) To create a clone of.

   The scientists were able to clone a sheep.

   We cloned the database to perform some testing.

Translations

create a clone

• Asturian: clonar
• Catalan: clonar (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 克隆 (zh) (kèlóng), 複製 (zh), 复制 (zh) (fùzhì)

• Dutch: klonen (nl)
• Finnish: kloonata (fi)
• French: cloner (fr)
• Galician: clonar
• German: klonen (de)
• Greek: κλωνοποιώ (el) (klonopoió) (active voice), κλωνοποιούμαι (klonopoioúmai) (passive voice)
• Italian: clonare (it)

• Maori: whakapūrua
• Polish: klonować
• Portuguese: clonar (pt)
• Russian: клони́ровать (ru) impf, pf (klonírovatʹ)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: клонирати

  Roman: klonirati (sh)

• Spanish: clonar (es)
• Swedish: klona (sv)
• Thai: โคลน (th) (kloon)

References

• H.J. Webber. "New Horticultural and Agricultural Terms". Science (new series) 18:501-503, 1903, DOI: 10.1126/science.18.459.501-b.
• C.L. Pollard. "'Clon' versus 'clone'". Science (new series) 22:469, 1905.
• C.L. Pollard. "On the spelling of 'clon'". Science (new series) 22:87-88, 1905.
• W.T. Stearn. "The use of the term 'clone'". Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society 74:41-47, 1949.

Anagrams

• Colen, Colne

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Asturian

Verb

clone

1. first-person singular present subjunctive of clonar
2. third-person singular present subjunctive of clonar

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French

Etymology

From Ancient Greek κλών (klṓn, “twig”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /klon/, /klɔn/
• Homophones: clonent, clones
• Hyphenation: clone

Noun

clone m (plural clones)

1. clone

Derived terms

• cloner

Verb

clone

1. first-person singular present indicative of cloner
2. third-person singular present indicative of cloner
3. first-person singular present subjunctive of cloner
4. first-person singular present subjunctive of cloner
5. second-person singular imperative of cloner

Further reading

• “clone” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• leçon, oncle

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Italian

Etymology

From Ancient Greek κλών (klṓn, “twig”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈklo.ne/

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: clo‧ne

Noun

clone m (plural cloni)

1. clone

Related terms

• clonare
• clonato

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Portuguese

Noun

clone m (plural clones)

1. clone (organism produced asexually from a single ancestor)
2. clone (copy of something already existing)
3. clone (group of identical cells derived from a single cell)

Verb

clone

1. first-person singular (eu) present subjunctive of clonar

   É importante que eu clone a ovelha.

   It’s important that I clone the sheep.

2. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present subjunctive of clonar

   É importante que ele clone a ovelha.

   It’s important that he clones the sheep.

3. third-person singular (você) affirmative imperative of clonar

   Você aí, clone a ovelha sozinho.

   You there, clone the sheep by yourself.

4. third-person singular (você) negative imperative of clonar

   Você aí, não clone a ovelha sozinho.

   You there, don’t clone the sheep by yourself.

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Spanish

Verb

clone

1. First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of clonar.
2. Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of clonar.
3. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present subjunctive form of clonar.