clone

See also: cloné

English

Etymology

Coined (in botany) in 1903, based on Ancient Greek κλών (klṓn, “twig”). Figurative use from the 1970s.

Pronunciation

• enPR: klōn
  • (General American) IPA^(key): /kloʊn/

  • Audio (US)

    (file)

  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /kləʊn/
• Rhymes: -əʊn

Noun

clone (plural clones)

1. A living organism (originally a plant) produced asexually from a single ancestor, to which it is genetically identical.
2. A group of identical cells derived from a single cell.[1]
3. A copy or imitation of something already existing, especially when designed to simulate it.
4. (informal) Two people who are exactly alike, as far as looks or behavior.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• holoclone
• meroclone

• paraclone
• polyclone

Translations

living organism (originally a plant)

• Arabic: please add this translation if you can
• Armenian: please add this translation if you can
• Asturian: clon m
• Catalan: clon (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 克隆 (zh) (kèlóng), 複製 (zh), 复制 (zh) (fùzhì)

• Dutch: kloon (nl)
• Finnish: klooni (fi)
• French: clone (fr) m
• Galician: clon m
• Georgian: please add this translation if you can
• German: Klon (de) m
• Greek: κλώνος (el) m (klónos)

• Italian: clone (it) m
• Japanese: クローン (kurōn)
• Kazakh: клон (klon)
• Korean: 클론 (keullon)
• Malay: klon
• Portuguese: clone (pt) m
• Romanian: clonă f, clon (ro) n
• Russian: клон (ru) m (klon)
• Spanish: clon (es) m
• Swedish: klon (sv) c
• Thai: please add this translation if you can
• Turkish: please add this translation if you can
• Vietnamese: please add this translation if you can

group of identical cells derived from a single cell

• Bulgarian: клон (bg) m (klon)
• Catalan: clon (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 克隆 (zh) (kèlóng), 複製 (zh), 复制 (zh) (fùzhì)

• Dutch: kloon (nl)
• Finnish: klooni (fi)
• French: clone (fr) m

• Galician: clon m
• German: Klone (de) m pl
• Greek: κλώνος (el) m (klónos)
• Indonesian: klona (id)
• Kazakh: клон (klon)
• Malay: klon
• Portuguese: clone (pt) m
• Swedish: klon (sv) c

copy of something already existing

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 複製 (zh), 复制 (zh) (fùzhì)

• Dutch: kloon (nl)
• Finnish: klooni (fi)
• French: clone (fr) m
• German: Klon (de) m (humorously)
• Greek: κλώνος (el) m (klónos)
• Ido: klono (io)
• Indonesian: klona (id)
• Italian: clone (it) m

• Japanese: クローン (kurōn)
• Malay: klon
• Maori: pūrua
• Polish: klon (pl) m
• Portuguese: clone (pt) m
• Russian: клон (ru) m (klon), ко́пия (ru) f (kópija)
• Swedish: klon (sv) c, kopia (sv) c

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: ^{(please verify)} клон m

  Roman: ^{(please verify)} klon (sh) m

Verb

clone (third-person singular simple present clones, present participle cloning, simple past and past participle cloned)

1. (transitive) To create a clone of.

   The scientists were able to clone a sheep.

   We cloned the database to perform some testing.

Translations

create a clone

• Asturian: clonar
• Bulgarian: клонирам (kloniram)
• Catalan: clonar (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 克隆 (zh) (kèlóng), 複製 (zh), 复制 (zh) (fùzhì)

• Czech: klonovat
• Dutch: klonen (nl)
• Finnish: kloonata (fi)
• French: cloner (fr)
• Galician: clonar
• German: klonen (de)
• Greek: κλωνοποιώ (el) (klonopoió) (active voice), κλωνοποιούμαι (klonopoioúmai) (passive voice)
• Italian: clonare (it)

• Japanese: クローンを作る (kurōn wo tsukeru)
• Maori: whakapūrua
• Persian: سانیزدن‎ (fa)
• Polish: klonować impf, sklonować pf
• Portuguese: clonar (pt)
• Romanian: clona (ro)
• Russian: клони́ровать (ru) impf or pf (klonírovatʹ)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: клонирати

  Roman: klonirati (sh)

• Slovak: klonovať
• Spanish: clonar (es)
• Swedish: klona (sv)
• Thai: โคลน (th) (kloon)

References

• H.J. Webber. "New Horticultural and Agricultural Terms". Science (new series) 18:501-503, 1903, DOI: 10.1126/science.18.459.501-b.
• C.L. Pollard. "'Clon' versus 'clone'". Science (new series) 22:469, 1905.
• C.L. Pollard. "On the spelling of 'clon'". Science (new series) 22:87-88, 1905.
• W.T. Stearn. "The use of the term 'clone'". Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society 74:41-47, 1949.

Anagrams

• Cleon, Colen, Colne

---

Asturian

Verb

clone

1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive of clonar

---

French

Etymology

From Ancient Greek κλών (klṓn, “twig”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /klon/, /klɔn/

• Audio

  (file)

• Homophones: clonent, clones
• Hyphenation: clone

Noun

clone m (plural clones)

1. clone

Derived terms

• cloner

Verb

clone

1. inflection of cloner:
   1. first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
   2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

• “clone”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams

• leçon, oncle

---

Italian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Ancient Greek κλών (klṓn, “twig”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈklo.ne/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -one
• Hyphenation: cló‧ne

Noun

clone m (plural cloni)

1. (biology) clone

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English clone, from the same source as above.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈklo.ne/, /ˈklon/
• Rhymes: -one, -on
• Hyphenation: cló‧ne, clóne

Noun

clone m (plural cloni)

1. (computing, electronics, also figuratively) clone

Related terms

• clonare
• clonato

---

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Portugal) /ˈklɔ.nɨ/, [ˈklɔ.nɨ]

• Hyphenation: clo‧ne

Noun

clone m (plural clones)

1. clone (organism produced asexually from a single ancestor)
2. clone (copy of something already existing)
3. clone (group of identical cells derived from a single cell)

Verb

clone

1. first-person singular (eu) present subjunctive of clonar
2. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present subjunctive of clonar
3. third-person singular (você) affirmative imperative of clonar
4. third-person singular (você) negative imperative of clonar

---

Romanian

Noun

clone f pl

1. plural of clonă

Noun

clone n pl

1. plural of clon

---

Spanish

Verb

clone

1. Formal second-person singular (usted) imperative form of clonar.
2. First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of clonar.
3. Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of clonar.
4. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present subjunctive form of clonar.