confusion

EnglishEdit

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confusion

Wikipedia

EtymologyEdit

From Middle English confusioun, from Old French confusion, from Latin confusio, confusionem.

Morphologically confuse +‎ -ion.

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /kənˈfjuːʒən/
Rhymes: -uːʒən
Audio (US) (file)

NounEdit

confusion (usually uncountable, plural confusions)

A lack of clarity or order.
The state of being confused; misunderstanding.
The act of mistaking one thing for another or conflating distinct things.
The confusion of sexual orientation and gender identity leads to discrimination and stereotyping.
- 1908, “lay v.¹”, in James A. H. Murray [et al.], editors, A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume VI, Part 1, London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 128:
  Now (exc. in Nautical language, see b) it is only dialectal or an illiterate substitute for lie, its identity of form with the past tense of the latter no doubt accounting largely for the confusion.
Lack of understanding due to dementia.
(archaic) A state of shame or embarrassment.
- 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling:
  Lady Bellaston fixed her eyes on Sophia whilst she spoke these words. To which that poor young lady, having her face overspread with blushes and confusion, answered, in a stammering voice […]

SynonymsEdit

(lack of clarity or order): discombobulation
(state of being confused): bewilderment, disarray

AntonymsEdit

(lack of clarity or order): clarity
(misunderstanding): distinction

Derived termsEdit

TranslationsEdit

lack of clarity or order

Arabic: اِلْتِبَاس‎ m (iltibās)
Hijazi Arabic: لخبطة‎ f (laḵbaṭa), حوسة‎ f (ḥōsa), خربطة‎ f (ḵarbaṭa)
Armenian: շփոթ (hy) (špʿotʿ)
Assamese: খেলিমেলি (khelimeli), আউল (aul)
Bulgarian: объ́ркване (bg) n (obǎ́rkvane), бъркоти́я (bg) f (bǎrkotíja)
Catalan: confusió (ca) f
Chinese:
Mandarin: 混亂／混乱 (zh) (hǔnluàn)
Czech: zmatek (cs) m
Danish: forvirring c, forvirrelse c
Dutch: verwarring (nl), war (nl)
Esperanto: konfuzo
Finnish: sekaannus (fi), epäselvyys (fi), hämmennys (fi)
French: confusion (fr) f, désordre (fr) m
German: Verwirrung (de) f, Durcheinander (de) n, Konfusion (de) f, Verwechslung (de) f
Greek: σύγχυση (el) f (sýnchysi), μπέρδεμα (el) n (bérdema)
Ancient: ταραχή f (tarakhḗ), τύρβη f (túrbē)
Hebrew: בִּלְבּוּל‎ (he) m (bilbúl)
Hindi: गड़बड़ (hi) m or f (gaṛbaṛ)
Hungarian: zavar (hu), összevisszaság (hu)
Icelandic: ruglingur (is) m, brengl (is) n
Italian: confusione (it) f, disordine (it) m
Japanese: 混乱 (ja) (こんらん, konran)
Khmer: ល្បែ (lbae)
Korean: 혼란(混亂) (ko) (hollan)
Ladino: embroyo, dubarina, enredijo, mareo, taburra
Latin: tumultus m
Malay: kekeliruan
Maori: matangerengere, kaumingomingo, pōkaikaha
Polish: zamieszanie (pl) n, chaos (pl) m
Portuguese: confusão (pt) f
Romanian: confuzie (ro) f
Russian: пу́таница (ru) f (pútanica), неразбери́ха (ru) f (nerazberíxa), беспоря́док (ru) m (besporjádok)
Slovak: zmätok m, chaos (sk) m
Spanish: confusión (es)
Telugu: తడబాటు (te) (taḍabāṭu)
Tocharian B: traike
Ushojo: وار خطئ

state of being confused; misunderstanding

Arabic: اِرْتِبَاك‎ m (irtibāk)
Armenian: շփոթմունք (hy) (špʿotʿmunkʿ), շփոթվածություն (hy) (špʿotʿvacutʿyun), շփոթություն (hy) (špʿotʿutʿyun)
Bulgarian: объ́ркване (bg) n (obǎ́rkvane), неяснота́ (bg) f (nejasnotá)
Catalan: confusió (ca) f
Chinese:
Mandarin: 混淆 (zh) (hùnxiáo, hùnyáo, hǔnxiáo)
Danish: forvirring c, forvirrelse c
Esperanto: konfuzo
Finnish: hämmennys (fi)
French: malentendu (fr) m, confusion (fr) f
German: Verwirrung (de) f, Missverständnis (de) n
Greek: σύγχυση (el) f (sýnchysi), παραζάλη (el) f (parazáli), σάστισμα (el) n (sástisma)
Ancient: ταραχή f (tarakhḗ)
Icelandic: ruglingur (is) m, brengl (is) n
Irish: cíor thuathail f
Italian: disorientamento (it) m, sbandamento (it) m
Japanese: 混乱 (ja) (こんらん, konran), 混同 (ja) (こんどう, kondō)
Korean: 혼란(混亂) (ko) (hollan), 혼동(混同) (ko) (hondong), 착란(錯亂) (ko) (changnan)
Malayalam: ആശയക്കുഴപ്പം (āśayakkuḻappaṃ)
Maori: raumaharatanga, pōnānātanga, matangerengere
Norwegian:
Bokmål: forveksling m or f

Nynorsk: forveksling f
Plautdietsch: Wirwoa m
Polish: nieporozumienie (pl) n
Portuguese: confusão (pt) f
Quechua: musphay, pantay
Romanian: confuzie (ro) f
Russian: недоразуме́ние (ru) n (nedorazuménije), замеша́тельство (ru) n (zamešátelʹstvo), смяте́ние (ru) n (smjaténije)
Slovak: zmätenosť f, nedorozumenie n
Swedish: förvirring (sv) c

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked