denarius
English edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin dēnārius. Doublet of denar and dinar.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
denarius (plural denarii or denariuses)
- (Ancient Rome, numismatics) A small silver coin issued both during the Roman Republic and during the Roman Empire, equal to 10 asses or 4 sesterces.
- 1966, James Workman, The Mad Emperor, Melbourne, Sydney: Scripts, page 146:
- "Sorry, I thought you were Aurel. He owes me a denarius. Have you seen him?"
- 2007, Philip Matyszak, Ancient Rome on 5 Denarii a Day (title of the book)[1]
Usage notes edit
- The usual plural is denarii, but denariuses is also well attested.
Translations edit
silver coin
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References edit
Anagrams edit
Latin edit
Alternative forms edit
- dinārius (spelling found in the Lex Salica)
Etymology edit
From dēnī (“ten each”) + -ārius.
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /deːˈnaː.ri.us/, [d̪eːˈnäːriʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /deˈna.ri.us/, [d̪eˈnäːrius]
Adjective edit
dēnārius (feminine dēnāria, neuter dēnārium); first/second-declension adjective
Declension edit
First/second-declension adjective.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | dēnārius | dēnāria | dēnārium | dēnāriī | dēnāriae | dēnāria | |
Genitive | dēnāriī | dēnāriae | dēnāriī | dēnāriōrum | dēnāriārum | dēnāriōrum | |
Dative | dēnāriō | dēnāriō | dēnāriīs | ||||
Accusative | dēnārium | dēnāriam | dēnārium | dēnāriōs | dēnāriās | dēnāria | |
Ablative | dēnāriō | dēnāriā | dēnāriō | dēnāriīs | |||
Vocative | dēnārie | dēnāria | dēnārium | dēnāriī | dēnāriae | dēnāria |
Noun edit
dēnārius m (genitive dēnāriī or dēnārī); second declension
Usage notes edit
One denarius always equals four sesterces. This gives it a value of 10 asses, which later became 16 asses after the values were changed.
Declension edit
Second-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | dēnārius | dēnāriī |
Genitive | dēnāriī dēnārī1 |
dēnāriōrum |
Dative | dēnāriō | dēnāriīs |
Accusative | dēnārium | dēnāriōs |
Ablative | dēnāriō | dēnāriīs |
Vocative | dēnārie | dēnāriī |
1Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).
Related terms edit
- 𐆖 (the symbol for the denarius)
Descendants edit
- Italo-Romance:
- North Italian:
- Gallo-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
- >? Mirandese: denheiro
- Ancient borrowings:
Reflexes of an assumed variant *dīnārius (first vowel influenced by Byzantine Greek δηνάριον /diˈnarion/)[1]
- North Italian
- Gallo-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
Modern borrowings:
- → Aragonese: denario
- → Asturian: denariu
- → Catalan: denari
- → English: denarius
- → Esperanto: denaro
- → French: dénaire
- → Galician: denario
- → German: Denar
- → Italian: denario
- → Middle English: denarie
- English: denary
- → Polish: denar
- → Portuguese: denário
- → Romanian: denar
- → Slovene: denar
- → Spanish: denario
References edit
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “denarius”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 3: D–F, page 39
- ^ Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1984), “dinero”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), volume II (Ce–F), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 497
Further reading edit
- “denarius”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “denarius”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- denarius in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- denarius in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- corn had gone up to 50 denarii the bushel: ad denarios L in singulos modios annona pervenerat
- corn had gone up to 50 denarii the bushel: ad denarios L in singulos modios annona pervenerat
- “denarius”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “denarius”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin