donga

See also: Donga and dóŋa

English

Etymology 1

From Afrikaans donga, from Zulu udonga.

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈdɔŋɡə/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈdɒŋɡə/

Noun

donga (plural dongas)

1. (South Africa) A usually dry, eroded watercourse running only in times of heavy rain.

   Synonyms: arroyo, wadi, wash

   • 1900, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “The Halt at Bloemfontein”, in The Great Boer War, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC, page 349:

     Major Pack-Beresford and other officers were shot down, and every unhorsed man remained necessarily as a prisoner under the very muzzles of the riflemen in the donga.

   • 1901, Ernest William Hornung, “The Knees of the Gods”, in Raffles: Further Adventures of the Amateur Cracksman, Charles Scribner’s Sons, page 284:

     There were trenches for us men, but no place of safety for our horses nearer than this long and narrow donga which ran from within our lines towards those of the Boers.

   • 1948, Henry Vollam Morton, In Search of South Africa‎^[1], Methuen, page 168:

     Thousands of miserable cattle and goats roamed everywhere making tracks that would someday form cracks which successive rains would open into gullies and dongas.

   • 1999, JM Coetzee, Disgrace, Vintage, published 2000, page 98:

     Count yourself lucky not to be a prisoner in the car at this moment, speeding away, or at the bottom of a donga with a bullet in your head.

Translations

dry, eroded watercourse

• Afrikaans: donga
• German: Donga (de) f

References

• Jean Bradford, A Dictionary of South African English, Oxford (1978).

Etymology 2

Unknown; probably connected in some way with Etymology 1.

Pronunciation

• (General Australian) IPA^(key): /dɔŋə/

• Audio (General Australian):

  (file)

Noun

donga (plural dongas)

1. (Australia) A transportable building providing accommodation for one person, often used on remote work sites or as tourist accommodation.
   • 2004, Susie Ashworth, Rebecca Turner, Simone Egger, Western Australia, Lonely Planet, page 152:

     Menzies Hotel ([Ph] 9024 2043; 22 Shenton St; s/d $48/65, donga $75) has old-style hotel rooms as well as - for that real goldfields experience - dongas (temporary miner′s abode, usually made from corrugated iron), and also serves all meals.

   • 2004, James Woodford, The Dog Fence, page 225:

     He not only expects his fence to be perfect, he also expects his dongas to be the best workman′s huts in Australia, and that is what they are.

   • 2009, David Marr, The Ibdian Ocean Solution, Robyn Davidson (editor), The Best Australian Essays 2009, page 118,

     Workers building roads in the bush sleep in dongas like these and are well paid for their discomfort.

Usage notes

• Usually used in outback Australia, especially the northwest.

Etymology 3

Noun

donga (plural dongas)

1. Alternative spelling of donger (“penis”)

Anagrams

• Dagon, Dogan, Gonda, dango, dogan, goand, gonad

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Zulu udonga.

Noun

donga (plural dongas)

1. donga

Descendants

• → English: donga
• → German: Donga

Garo

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

donga (intransitive)

1. there is, there are

   mandi hilhil donga

   there are many people

2. to have, belong, be at, reside, dwell
3. be married to

   anga jikko dongjok

   I have married a wife

Hungarian

Etymology

Borrowed from Slavic, perhaps from South Slavic. Ultimately from Proto-Slavic *dǫga. Compare Bulgarian дъга (dǎga, “arc; stave; rainbow”), Serbo-Croatian ду́га／dúga (“stave; rainbow”), Slovene doga (“stave”), Slovak dúha (“stave; rainbow”). First attested in 1233.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈdoŋɡɒ]
• Hyphenation: don‧ga
• Rhymes: -ɡɒ

Noun

donga (plural dongák)

1. stave (a slightly bent wooden board that forms the sides and bottom of a larger wooden vessel (e.g. barrel, tub, vat))
2. (by extension, in compound words) barrel, barrellike, arc-shaped

   dongaboltozat ― barrel vault

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	donga	dongák
accusative	dongát	dongákat
dative	dongának	dongáknak
instrumental	dongával	dongákkal
causal-final	dongáért	dongákért
translative	dongává	dongákká
terminative	dongáig	dongákig
essive-formal	dongaként	dongákként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	dongában	dongákban
superessive	dongán	dongákon
adessive	dongánál	dongáknál
illative	dongába	dongákba
sublative	dongára	dongákra
allative	dongához	dongákhoz
elative	dongából	dongákból
delative	dongáról	dongákról
ablative	dongától	dongáktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	dongáé	dongáké
non-attributive possessive - plural	dongáéi	dongákéi

Possessive forms of donga
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	dongám	dongáim
2nd person sing.	dongád	dongáid
3rd person sing.	dongája	dongái
1st person plural	dongánk	dongáink
2nd person plural	dongátok	dongáitok
3rd person plural	dongájuk	dongáik

Derived terms

• dongájú
• dongás

 

Compound words

• dongaboltozat
• dongaláb
• hordódonga

 

Further reading

• donga in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• donga in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)

Japanese

Romanization

donga

1. Rōmaji transcription of どんが