gjóta

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈcouːta/
• Rhymes: -ouːta

Etymology 1

From Old Norse gjóta, from Proto-Germanic *geutaną. Cognate with Swedish gjuta, Norwegian Bokmål and Nynorsk gyte, Danish gyde, Old English ġēotan, Dutch gieten.

Verb

gjóta (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative gaut, third-person plural past indicative gutu, supine gotið)

1. (transitive, with dative) to spawn, to give birth to

Conjugation

gjóta — active voice (germynd)

infinitive (nafnháttur)		að gjóta
supine (sagnbót)		gotið
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		gjótandi
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég gýt	við gjótum	present (nútíð)	ég gjóti	við gjótum
	þú gýtur	þið gjótið		þú gjótir	þið gjótið
	hann, hún, það gýtur	þeir, þær, þau gjóta		hann, hún, það gjóti	þeir, þær, þau gjóti
past (þátíð)	ég gaut	við gutum	past (þátíð)	ég gyti	við gytum
	þú gaust	þið gutuð		þú gytir	þið gytuð
	hann, hún, það gaut	þeir, þær, þau gutu		hann, hún, það gyti	þeir, þær, þau gytu
imperative (boðháttur)	gjót (þú)	gjótið (þið)
	Forms with appended personal pronoun
	gjóttu	gjótiði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

gotinn — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)

strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	gotinn	gotin	gotið		gotnir	gotnar	gotin
accusative (þolfall)	gotinn	gotna	gotið		gotna	gotnar	gotin
dative (þágufall)	gotnum	gotinni	gotnu		gotnum	gotnum	gotnum
genitive (eignarfall)	gotins	gotinnar	gotins		gotinna	gotinna	gotinna
weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	gotni	gotna	gotna		gotnu	gotnu	gotnu
accusative (þolfall)	gotna	gotnu	gotna		gotnu	gotnu	gotnu
dative (þágufall)	gotna	gotnu	gotna		gotnu	gotnu	gotnu
genitive (eignarfall)	gotna	gotnu	gotna		gotnu	gotnu	gotnu

Synonyms

• (to give birth to): ala

Etymology 2

Noun

gjóta f (genitive singular gjótu, nominative plural gjótur)

1. hollow, hole

Old Norse

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Germanic *geutaną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰewd- (“to pour”).

Verb

gjóta (singular past indicative gaut, plural past indicative gutu, past participle gotinn)

1. to pour
2. to cast
3. (by extension) to spawn

Conjugation

Conjugation of gjóta — active (strong class 2)

infinitive	gjóta
present participle	gjótandi
past participle	gotinn
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	gýt	gaus
2nd-person singular	gýtr	gauzt
3rd-person singular	gýtr	gaus
1st-person plural	gjótum	gutum
2nd-person plural	gjótið	gutuð
3rd-person plural	gjóta	gutu
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	gjóta	gyta
2nd-person singular	gjótir	gytir
3rd-person singular	gjóti	gyti
1st-person plural	gjótim	gytim
2nd-person plural	gjótið	gytið
3rd-person plural	gjóti	gyti
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	gjót
1st-person plural	gjótum
2nd-person plural	gjótið

Conjugation of gjóta — mediopassive (strong class 2)

infinitive	gjótask
present participle	gjótandisk
past participle	gotizk
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	gjótumk	gutumk
2nd-person singular	gýzk	gauzk
3rd-person singular	gýzk	gauzk
1st-person plural	gjótumsk	gutumsk
2nd-person plural	gjótizk	gutuzk
3rd-person plural	gjótask	gutusk
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	gjótumk	gytumk
2nd-person singular	gjótisk	gytisk
3rd-person singular	gjótisk	gytisk
1st-person plural	gjótimsk	gytimsk
2nd-person plural	gjótizk	gytizk
3rd-person plural	gjótisk	gytisk
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	gýzk
1st-person plural	gjótumsk
2nd-person plural	gjótizk

Descendants

• Icelandic: gjóta
• Faroese: gýta
• Norwegian Nynorsk: gjota, gyta
• Dalian:
  • Mora: gjota
  • Elfdalian: dşuta
• Old Swedish: giūta
  • Swedish: gjuta
• Danish: gyde
  • Norwegian Bokmål: gyte
• Gutnish: giauta

References

• gjóta in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.