gourmand
English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Middle English gourmaunt, gormond, gromonde, from Old French gormant (“a glutton”, noun), from gormant (“gluttonous”, adjective), of uncertain origin.
Pronunciation edit
- (UK) IPA(key): /ˈɡʊə.mənd/, /ˈɡʊʁmɑ̃/
Audio (Southern England) (file)
- (US) IPA(key): /ɡɔɹˈmɑnd/, /ˈɡʊɹ.mɑnd/
- Rhymes: (US) -ɑnd
Noun edit
gourmand (plural gourmands)
- A person given to excess in the consumption of food and drink; a greedy or ravenous eater.
- 1603 (first performance; published 1605), Beniamin Ionson [i.e., Ben Jonson], “Seianus his Fall. A Tragœdie. […]”, in The Workes of Beniamin Ionson (First Folio), London: […] Will[iam] Stansby, published 1616, →OCLC, Act I, page 365:
- I knew him, at Caivs trencher, when for hyre, / He proſtituted his abuſed body / To that great gourmond, fat Apicivs;
- 1908, W[illiam] B[lair] M[orton] Ferguson, chapter I, in Zollenstein, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC, page 5:
- The colonel and his sponsor made a queer contrast: Greystone [the sponsor] long and stringy, with a face that seemed as if a cold wind was eternally playing on it. […] But there was not a more lascivious reprobate and gourmand in all London than this same Greystone.
- A person who appreciates good food.
- 2000, Endymion Wilkinson, “Agriculture, Food, and the Environment”, in Chinese History: A New Manual[1], Rev. & enl. edition, Harvard University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 636:
- The third key was the number of demands from different patrons or groups for their own specialized cuisines. Such patrons included the court, rich households, and scholar-gourmands. Buddhists and Muslims also elaborated their own cuisines (sucai 素菜 and qingzhen 清真).
Synonyms edit
- (person given to excess consumption): glutton, trencherman, see also Thesaurus:glutton
- (person who appreciates food): chowhound, gastronaut, gourmet
- (person with a special interest or knowledge of food): foodie
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
person given to excess in the consumption of food and drink
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person who appreciates good food
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See also edit
French edit
Etymology edit
From Middle French gourmant (“glutton”), originally an adjectival form, from Old French, where it had the sense of trencherman, but of uncertain ultimate origin.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
gourmand (feminine gourmande, masculine plural gourmands, feminine plural gourmandes)
- eating a lot
- (more recently) having a love for good food, demanding of food quality
Noun edit
gourmand m (plural gourmands, feminine gourmande)
- a person who eats a lot, or who has refined tastes in food
Usage notes edit
The French and English usages of this word are false friends. While the English word has evolved to emphasize the excesses of a gourmand, the French word has become more associated with refined tastes in food. See also gourmet, which has considerable overlap with this word.
Descendants edit
Further reading edit
- “gourmand”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Norman edit
Etymology edit
From Old French, where it had the sense of trencherman, but of uncertain ultimate origin.
Adjective edit
gourmand m
Portuguese edit
Etymology edit
Unadapted borrowing from French gourmand.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gourmand m or f by sense (plural gourmands)
Further reading edit
Swedish edit
Noun edit
gourmand c
- someone who enjoys eating a lot of (good) food; a gourmand
Declension edit
| Declension of gourmand | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | |||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Nominative | gourmand | gourmanden | gourmander | gourmanderna |
| Genitive | gourmands | gourmandens | gourmanders | gourmandernas |