iaigh

Irish edit

Alternative forms edit

iadh, iaidh^[1]

Etymology edit

From Old Irish íadaid,^[2] from Proto-Celtic *eɸidāti, a prefixed derivative of *dāti (“to give”).^[3]^[4] Cognate with Scottish Gaelic iadh.

Verb edit

iaigh (present analytic iann, future analytic iafaidh, verbal noun iamh, past participle iata)

(transitive, intransitive) to close, shut
Synonym: dún

Bhí na súile ag iamh orm.
I could not keep my eyes open.
(literally, “The eyes were closing on me.”)
(transitive) to enclose, encompass
(transitive, intransitive) to block up, close up, dam
(transitive, intransitive) to join [+ le (object) = with]
(transitive) to clench (close tightly) (one's fist)

Conjugation edit

conjugation of iaigh (first conjugation – C)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third	relative	autonomous
indicative	present	iaim	iann tú; iair^†	iann sé, sí	iaimid	iann sibh	iann siad; iaid^†	a iann; a ias / a n-iann; a n-ias	iaitear
	past	d'iaigh mé; d'ias / iaigh mé‡; ias‡	d'iaigh tú; d'iais / iaigh tú‡; iais‡	d'iaigh sé, sí / iaigh sé, sí‡	d'iamar; d'iaigh muid / iamar‡; iaigh muid‡	d'iaigh sibh; d'iabhair / iaigh sibh‡; iabhair‡	d'iaigh siad; d'iadar / iaigh siad‡; iadar‡	a d'iaigh / ar iaigh*	iadh; hiadh^†
	past habitual	d'iainn / iainn‡; n-iainn‡‡	d'iaiteá / iaiteá‡; n-iaiteá‡‡	d'iadh sé, sí / iadh sé, sí‡; n-iadh sé, sí‡‡	d'iaimis; d'iadh muid / iaimis; iadh muid‡; n-iaimis‡‡; n-iadh muid‡‡	d'iadh sibh / iadh sibh‡; n-iadh sibh‡‡	d'iaidís; d'iadh siad / iaidís; iadh siad‡; n-iaidís‡‡; n-iadh siad‡‡	a d'iadh / a n-iadh*	d'iaití / iaití‡; n-iaití‡‡
future		iafaidh mé; iafad	iafaidh tú; iafair^†	iafaidh sé, sí	iafaimid; iafaidh muid	iafaidh sibh	iafaidh siad; iafaid^†	a iafaidh; a iafas / a n-iafaidh; a n-iafas	iafar
conditional		d'iafainn / iafainn‡; n-iafainn‡‡	d'iafá / iafá‡; n-iafá‡‡	d'iafadh sé, sí / iafadh sé, sí‡; n-iafadh sé, sí‡‡	d'iafaimis; d'iafadh muid / iafaimis‡; iafadh muid‡; n-iafaimis‡‡; n-iafadh muid‡‡	d'iafadh sibh / iafadh sibh‡; n-iafadh sibh‡‡	d'iafaidís; d'iafadh siad / iafaidís‡; iafadh siad‡; n-iafaidís‡‡; n-iafadh siad‡‡	a d'iafadh / a n-iafadh*	d'iafaí / iafaí‡; n-iafaí‡‡
subjunctive	present	go n-ia mé; go n-iad^†	go n-ia tú; go n-iair^†	go n-ia sé, sí	go n-iaimid; go n-ia muid	go n-ia sibh	go n-ia siad; go n-iaid^†	—	go n-iaitear
subjunctive	past	dá n-iainn	dá n-iaiteá	dá n-iadh sé, sí	dá n-iaimis; dá n-iadh muid	dá n-iadh sibh	dá n-iaidís; dá n-iadh siad	—	dá n-iaití
imperative		iaim	iaigh	iadh sé, sí	iaimis	iaigí; iaidh^†	iaidís	—	iaitear
verbal noun		iamh
past participle		iata

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡dependent form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis (except an)

Mutation edit

Irish mutation
Radical	Eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
iaigh	n-iaigh	hiaigh	not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References edit

^ “iaigh”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
^ G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “íadaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*efirom”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 113-114
^ Gordon, Randall Clark (2012) Derivational Morphology of the Early Irish Verbal Noun, Los Angeles: University of California, § 3.1.36, pages 191–92