Wiktionary

dam

See also: Appendix:Variations of "dam"

TranslingualEdit

 dam (disambiguation) on Wikipedia

SymbolEdit

dam

  1. (metrology) Symbol for decameter (decametre), an SI unit of length equal to 101 meters (metres).

EnglishEdit

 
A dam.

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Middle English dam, from Old English *damm, from Proto-West Germanic *damm, from Proto-Germanic *dammaz.

NounEdit

dam (plural dams)

  1. A structure placed across a flowing body of water to stop the flow or part of the flow, generally for purposes such as retaining or diverting some of the water or retarding the release of accumulated water to avoid abrupt flooding.
    A dam is often an essential source of water to farmers of hilly country.
    • 1913, Robert Barr, chapter 4, in Lord Stranleigh Abroad‎[1]:
      Nothing could be more business-like than the construction of the stout dams, and nothing more gently rural than the limpid lakes, with the grand old forest trees marshalled round their margins […]
    • 2013 August 16, John Vidal, “Dams endanger ecology of Himalayas”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 10, page 8:
      Most of the Himalayan rivers have been relatively untouched by dams near their sources. Now the two great Asian powers, India and China, are rushing to harness them as they cut through some of the world's deepest valleys.
  2. The water reservoir resulting from placing such a structure.
    Boats may only be used at places set aside for boating on the dam.
  3. (dentistry) A device to prevent a tooth from getting wet during dental work, consisting of a rubber sheet held with a band.
  4. (South Africa, Australia) A reservoir.
  5. A firebrick wall, or a stone, which forms the front of the hearth of a blast furnace.
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
structure placed across a flowing body of water

VerbEdit

dam (third-person singular simple present dams, present participle damming, simple past and past participle dammed)

  1. (transitive) To block the flow of water.
TranslationsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

Variant of dame. Doublet of domina and donna.

NounEdit

dam (plural dams)

  2. Female parent, mother, generally regarding breeding of animals.
  3. A kind of crowned piece in the game of draughts.
Coordinate termsEdit
TranslationsEdit

Etymology 3Edit

Said to be possibly coined from the English phrase "I don't give a dam(n)," referring to its small worth.[1]

NounEdit

dam (plural dams) (historical)

  1. (India) An obsolete Indian copper coin, equal to a fortieth of a rupee.
    • 1839, William Holloway, A General Dictionary of Provincialisms, Written with a View to Rescue from Oblivion the Fast Fading Relics of By-gone Days, Lewes, East Sussex: Sussex Press: Printed and published by Baxter and Son, →OCLC, page 42:
      […] A small Indian coin; whence comes the saying "I don't care a dam for you," that is I don't value you a farthing, and not as generally given, "I don't care a damn" or a "curse for you." [Possibly a folk etymology.]
  2. A former coin of Nepal, 128 of which were worth one mohar.

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ Gorrell, Robert, Watch Your Language: Mother Tongue and Her Wayward Children, University of Nevada Press, 1994

Etymology 4Edit

Clipping or Pronunciation spelling of damn.

InterjectionEdit

dam

  1. (slang or pronunciation spelling) Damn.

AdjectiveEdit

dam (not comparable)

  1. (slang or pronunciation spelling) Damn.
    • 2020, Jacie Rowe III, White Lies, Black Truth, The Lost Light (page 196)
      Do not get too caught up in individual campism. The Most-High sent your spirits back on earth to fix yourselves, come together and wake up our people, so do your dam job and stop letting your fleshly desires control you.

Further readingEdit

AnagramsEdit

AfrikaansEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Dutch dam, from Middle Dutch dam, from Old Dutch dam, from Proto-Germanic *dammaz.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

dam (plural damme)

  1. pond, basin
  2. dam

Derived termsEdit

AremEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Vietic *ɗam, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *p(ɗ)am; cognate with Vietnamese năm.

PronunciationEdit

NumeralEdit

dam

  1. five

Further readingEdit

AzerbaijaniEdit

 
yaşıl dam
green roof

EtymologyEdit

From Old Anatolian Turkish طام‎ (d̥am, dam), from Proto-Turkic *tām.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

dam (definite accusative damı, plural damlar)

  1. roof
  2. hovel, shack
  3. dugout
  4. cowshed, sheep cote (a structure where animals are held)
    donuz damı ― pigsty
  5. (figurative) lockup, jail, quod
    dama basdırmaq ― to lock up, to put in jail
  6. (archaic) grid, net
  7. (archaic) trap, snare
    dam qurmaq ― to set a trap
    Synonyms: tələ, cələ, duzaq

DeclensionEdit

    Declension of dam
singular plural
nominative dam
 damlar
definite accusative damı
 damları
dative dama
 damlara
locative damda
 damlarda
ablative damdan
 damlardan
definite genitive damın
 damların
    Possessive forms of dam
nominative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) damım damlarım
sənin (“your”) damın damların
onun (“his/her/its”) damı damları
bizim (“our”) damımız damlarımız
sizin (“your”) damınız damlarınız
onların (“their”) damı or damları damları
accusative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) damımı damlarımı
sənin (“your”) damını damlarını
onun (“his/her/its”) damını damlarını
bizim (“our”) damımızı damlarımızı
sizin (“your”) damınızı damlarınızı
onların (“their”) damını or damlarını damlarını
dative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) damıma damlarıma
sənin (“your”) damına damlarına
onun (“his/her/its”) damına damlarına
bizim (“our”) damımıza damlarımıza
sizin (“your”) damınıza damlarınıza
onların (“their”) damına or damlarına damlarına
locative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) damımda damlarımda
sənin (“your”) damında damlarında
onun (“his/her/its”) damında damlarında
bizim (“our”) damımızda damlarımızda
sizin (“your”) damınızda damlarınızda
onların (“their”) damında or damlarında damlarında
ablative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) damımdan damlarımdan
sənin (“your”) damından damlarından
onun (“his/her/its”) damından damlarından
bizim (“our”) damımızdan damlarımızdan
sizin (“your”) damınızdan damlarınızdan
onların (“their”) damından or damlarından damlarından
genitive
singular plural
mənim (“my”) damımın damlarımın
sənin (“your”) damının damlarının
onun (“his/her/its”) damının damlarının
bizim (“our”) damımızın damlarımızın
sizin (“your”) damınızın damlarınızın
onların (“their”) damının or damlarının damlarının

CebuanoEdit

EtymologyEdit

From English dam, from Middle English dam, damme, from Old English *dam, *damm, from Proto-Germanic *dammaz.

NounEdit

dam

  1. a dam; a structure placed across a flowing body of water to stop the flow
  2. a reservoir

Crimean TatarEdit

NounEdit

dam

  1. stable
  2. roof
  3. taste

DeclensionEdit

Declension of dam
nominative dam
genitive damnıñ
dative damğa
accusative damnı
locative damda
ablative damdan

SynonymsEdit

DanishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Old Norse dammr (“dam”).

NounEdit

dam c (singular definite dammen, plural indefinite damme)

  1. pond
  2. corf, livewell (for storage of live fish under water)
InflectionEdit
Declension of dam
common
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative dam dammen damme dammene
genitive dams dammens dammes dammenes
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

Borrowed from French jeu de dames (“draughts”).

NounEdit

dam c or n

  1. draughts, checkers

Etymology 3Edit

Borrowed from French dame (“lady”).

NounEdit

dam c (singular definite dammen, plural indefinite dammer)

  1. king (superior piece in draughts)
InflectionEdit
Declension of dam
common
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative dam dammen dammer dammerne
genitive dams dammens dammers dammernes

DutchEdit

 
Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nl

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Middle Dutch dam, from Old Dutch dam, from Proto-West Germanic *damm, from Proto-Germanic *dammaz.

NounEdit

dam m (plural dammen, diminutive dammetje n)

  1. dam
Derived termsEdit

- general:

- toponyms:

DescendantsEdit
  • Afrikaans: dam
  • → Caribbean Hindustani: dám
  • → Indonesian: dam (“dam”)
  • → Papiamentu: dam
  • → Saramaccan: dan
  • → Sranan Tongo: dan, dam
    • → Caribbean Javanese: dham

Etymology 2Edit

Borrowed from Middle French dame, from Spanish dama.

NounEdit

dam f (plural dammen)

  1. (checkers) king (double draught/checker)
Related termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
  • → Indonesian: dam (“draught/checker(s)”)

Etymology 3Edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

VerbEdit

dam

  1. first-person singular present indicative of dammen
  2. imperative of dammen

FrenchEdit

EtymologyEdit

Inherited[1] from Latin damnum.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

dam m (plural dams)

  1. (obsolete except in phrases) damage
  2. (religion) damnation

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “damnum”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 3: D–F, page 11

Further readingEdit

AnagramsEdit

FriulianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin damnum.

NounEdit

dam m (plural dams)

  1. damage

SynonymsEdit

Related termsEdit

GaroEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Bengali দাম (dam).

NounEdit

dam

  1. price

IndonesianEdit

 
Indonesian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia id

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): [ˈdam]
  • Hyphenation: dam

Etymology 1Edit

From Dutch dam (“king (draught/checkers)”), from Middle French dame, from Old French dame, from Latin domina.

NounEdit

dam (first-person possessive damku, second-person possessive dammu, third-person possessive damnya)

  1. (games) draught (American), checkers (British).
  2. checker, a pattern of alternating colours as on a chessboard.
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From Dutch dam (“dam”), from Middle Dutch dam, from Old Dutch dam, from Proto-Germanic *dammaz.

NounEdit

dam (first-person possessive damku, second-person possessive dammu, third-person possessive damnya)

  1. dam, a structure placed across a flowing body of water to stop the flow or part of the flow, generally for purposes such as retaining or diverting some of the water or retarding the release of accumulated water to avoid abrupt flooding.
    Synonyms: bendungan, tanggul

CompoundsEdit

Etymology 3Edit

From Arabic دَم‎ (dam, “blood”), from Proto-Semitic *dam-, from Proto-Afroasiatic *dam-.

NounEdit

dam (first-person possessive damku, second-person possessive dammu, third-person possessive damnya)

  1. (Islam) fine, a punishment for breaking the law.

Further readingEdit

IrishEdit

PronounEdit

dam (emphatic damsa)

  1. Alternative form of dom (“for/to me”)

KomoEdit

NounEdit

dam

  1. honey

LashiEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l-(t/d)jam (“full, flat”).

PronunciationEdit

AdjectiveEdit

dam

  1. flat

ReferencesEdit

  • Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid‎[2], Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis)

MalayEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

dam (Jawi spelling دم‎, plural dam-dam, informal 1st possessive damku, 2nd possessive dammu, 3rd possessive damnya)

  1. draughts; checkers (two-player board game).

Further readingEdit

MalteseEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

Root
d-w-m
3 terms

From Arabic دامَ‎ (dāma).

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

dam (imperfect jdum)

  1. to last; to take (time, especially long time)
    Synonym: (imperfect only) jtul

Related termsEdit

Middle EnglishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Old English *damm, from Proto-West Germanic *damm.

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

dam

  1. dam (structure to block water)
  2. body of water
DescendantsEdit
ReferencesEdit

Etymology 2Edit

NounEdit

dam

  1. Alternative form of dame

Etymology 3Edit

NounEdit

dam

  1. (when preceding labials) Alternative form of dan

Middle IrishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Irish dam.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

dam m (genitive daim)

  1. ox
    • c. 1000, Anonymous; published in (1935), Rudolf Thurneysen, editor, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Staionery Office, § 1, l. 12, page 2: “Dam ocus tinne in cach coiri. [[There was] an ox and a side of bacon in each cauldron.]”

DescendantsEdit

MutationEdit

Middle Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
dam dam
pronounced with /ð(ʲ)-/, later /ɣ(ʲ)-/		 ndam
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further readingEdit

Norwegian BokmålEdit

 
Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

Etymology 1Edit

From Danish dam, from Old Norse dammr m, damm n. The meaning dam (structure) probably comes from Middle Low German [Term?].

NounEdit

dam m (definite singular dammen, indefinite plural dammer, definite plural dammene)

  1. a pond
  2. a dam (structure)
SynonymsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From French jeu de dames.

NounEdit

dam m (definite singular dammen, indefinite plural dammer, definite plural dammene)

  1. the game of checkers (US) or draughts (UK)

ReferencesEdit

Norwegian NynorskEdit

 
Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

Etymology 1Edit

From Middle Norwegian dammr m, from Old Norse damm n. The meaning dam (structure) probably comes from Middle Low German [Term?].

NounEdit

dam m (definite singular dammen, indefinite plural dammar, definite plural dammane)

  1. a pond
  2. a dam (structure)
SynonymsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From French jeu de dames.

NounEdit

dam m (definite singular dammen, indefinite plural dammar, definite plural dammane)

  1. the game of checkers (US) or draughts (UK)

ReferencesEdit

OccitanEdit

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

AdverbEdit

dam

  1. (Gascony) (accompaniment) with
    Cada an, que pujava peth Mont Valièr amont, dam eras vacas, nà amontanhar.
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Old IrishEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Celtic *damos, from Proto-Indo-European *dm̥h₂-ó- (“bull”) (compare Albanian dem (“bullock”), Ancient Greek δάμαλος (dámalos, “calf”)), from *demh₂- (“to tame”) (compare Old Irish daimid (“to allow, give in”), Latin domō, English tame).

NounEdit

dam m (genitive daim)

  1. ox
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 10d6
      .i. do·fuáircc .i. ar is bés leosom in daim do thúarcuin ind arbe
      Which tramples, i.e. for it is custom among them to have the oxen trample on the corn.
  2. stag
  3. (by extension) hero, champion
DeclensionEdit
Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative dam damL daimL, doim
Vocative daim, doim damL daumuH, dumu, damu
Accusative damN damL daumuH, dumu, damu
Genitive daimL, doim dam damN
Dative daumL, dum, dam damaib damaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit

NounEdit

dam f

  1. hind, cow (old feminine form of previous)

Etymology 2Edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

VerbEdit

dam

  1. inflection of daimid:
    1. first-person singular present subjunctive conjunct
    2. second-person singular imperative

·dam

  1. third-person singular present indicative conjunct of daimid

Etymology 3Edit

PronounEdit

dam

  1. Alternative form of dom (“to/for me”)

MutationEdit

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
dam dam
pronounced with /ð(ʲ)-/ 		ndam
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further readingEdit

PolishEdit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

dam

  1. first-person singular future of dać

NounEdit

dam

  1. genitive plural of dama

RohingyaEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Magadhi Prakrit 𑀤𑀫𑁆𑀫 (damma), from Sanskrit দ্ৰম্ম (drámma), borrowed from Ancient Greek δραχμή (drakhmḗ). Cognate with Bengali দাম (dam).

NounEdit

dam (Hanifi spelling 𐴊𐴝𐴔𐴢)

  1. price
    Synonyms: dor, kimot

RomanianEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish دام‎ (dam), from Old Turkic [script needed] (tam), from Proto-Turkic *tām.

NounEdit

dam n (plural damuri)

  1. cowshed

DeclensionEdit

Declension of dam
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) dam damul (niște) damuri damurile
genitive/dative (unui) dam damului (unor) damuri damurilor
vocative damule damurilor

San Juan Guelavía ZapotecEdit

NounEdit

dam

  1. owl

ReferencesEdit

  • López Antonio, Joaquín; Jones, Ted; Jones, Kris (2012) Vocabulario breve del Zapoteco de San Juan Guelavía‎[3] (in Spanish), second electronic edition, Tlalpan, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., pages 14, 23, 40

SumerianEdit

RomanizationEdit

dam

  1. Romanization of 𒁮 (dam)

SwedishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From French dame.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

dam c

  1. a lady, a woman
  2. (card games, chess, checkers) a queen
    ruter dam ― queen of diamonds

DeclensionEdit

Declension of dam 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative dam damen damer damerna
Genitive dams damens damers damernas

SynonymsEdit

Derived termsEdit

See alsoEdit

Chess pieces in Swedish · schackpjäser (schack + pjäser) (layout · text)
           
kung dam, drottning torn löpare springare, häst bonde
Playing cards in Swedish · kort (layout · text)
             
ess, äss tvåa, två trea, tre fyra femma, fem sexa, sex sjua, sju
             
åtta nia, nio tia, tio knekt dam, drottning kung joker

ReferencesEdit

TurkishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Ottoman Turkish طام‎ (dam), from Old Turkic [script needed] (tam), from Proto-Turkic *tām.

Compare Uyghur تام‎ (tam, “wall”), Korean 담 (dam, “wall”).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

dam (definite accusative damı, plural damlar)

  1. roof

UzbekEdit

NounEdit

dam (plural damlar)

  1. bellows

VietnameseEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Vietic *k-taːm; ultimately from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kt₁aam (“crab”). ‹d› here is the result of lenition (Proto-Vietic *k-t- > Middle Vietnamese ‹d› /ð/ > Modern Vietnamese ‹d›). Compare đam, the form with unlenited initial consonant.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

(classifier con) dam

  1. (North Central Vietnam) field crab; freshwater crab
    Dù ai béo bạo như tru,
    Về đất Kẻ Ngù cũng tóm như dam
    Ai mà gầy tóm như dam
    Về đất nhà Chàng, cũng béo như tru
    Whosoever as fat and ferocious as the buffalo,
    when coming to Kẻ Ngù, they'll be as lean as the crab.
    Whosoever as lean as the crab,
    when coming home to Chàng, they'll be as fat as the buffalo

Zoogocho ZapotecEdit

NounEdit

dam

  1. owl

ReferencesEdit

  • Long C., Rebecca; Cruz M., Sofronio (2000) Diccionario zapoteco de San Bartolomé Zoogocho, Oaxaca (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 38)‎[4] (in Spanish), second electronic edition, Coyoacán, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 215
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