jūra
Latvian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Baltic *jáuˀrāˀ ~ *jū́ˀrāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wer-, *ūr- with an added initial y, from *aw-, *awe- (“to wet, to moisten, to flow”) with a suffix -r. The initial *y may result from metathesis in *awer- (> *h₂wer-, *eur-), or from the influence of some other Proto-Indo-European root like *(e)rey-, *(e)rew- (“to flow”) (metathesized into *ewr-). The original meaning was thus “wet, swampy place” (cf. Lithuanian jáuris (“swamp”) < Proto-Baltic *jaur-), whence “lake” (still attested in old folk tales, and also in borrowings into Finnic: Livonian jõra, Estonian järv, Finnish järvi, Sami jaura, jawre, jávri) and finally “sea.” Cognates include Lithuanian jū́ra, dialectal jūrė, plural jū́ros, jū́rios, jū́rės (cf. Latvian dialectal jūre, jūris, plural jūres), Old Prussian iūrin, *jūren, *jūrʲai, Armenian ջուր (ǰur, “water”), Albanian hurdë (“deep place; pond; swamp”); without the initial *y, also Old Norse úr (“drizzle”), ȳra (“to drizzle”), Latin ūrīnō (“to dive, to plunge into water”), ūrīna (“urine”).[1]
Pronunciation
editNoun
editjūra f (4th declension)
- (geography) sea (large body of salty water)
- Baltijas jūra ― Baltic Sea
- Melnā jūra ― Black Sea
- jūras krasts, ūdens, vējš ― sea coast, water, wind
- peldēt jūrā ― to swim in the sea
- jūras slimība ― sea sickness
- iziet jūrā ― to go on sea, to sail, to set off
- virs, zem jūrās līmeņa ― above, below sea level
- (astronomy) sea (dark areas on the surface of the Moon or other natural satellites)
- mēness jūra ― moon mare
- (figuratively) very large quantity or amount (of something)
- ziedu jūra ― sea of flowers
- liesmu jūra ― sea of flames
Declension
editDerived terms
editSee also
editReferences
edit- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “jūra”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Lithuanian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Baltic *jáuˀrāˀ.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editjū́ra f (plural jū́ros) stress pattern 1
Declension
editsingular (vienaskaita) | plural (daugiskaita) | |
---|---|---|
nominative (vardininkas) | jū́ra | jū́ros |
genitive (kilmininkas) | jū́ros | jū́rų |
dative (naudininkas) | jū́rai | jū́roms |
accusative (galininkas) | jū́rą | jū́ras |
instrumental (įnagininkas) | jū́ra | jū́romis |
locative (vietininkas) | jū́roje | jū́rose |
vocative (šauksmininkas) | jū́ra | jū́ros |
See also
edit- mãrios f
Samogitian
editNoun
editjūra f (plural jūras)
- Latvian etymologies from LEV
- Latvian terms inherited from Proto-Baltic
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic
- Latvian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latvian words with level intonation
- Latvian terms with audio pronunciation
- Latvian lemmas
- Latvian nouns
- Latvian feminine nouns
- lv:Geography
- Latvian terms with usage examples
- lv:Astronomy
- Latvian fourth declension nouns
- lv:Bodies of water
- lv:Landforms
- lv:Seas
- Lithuanian terms inherited from Proto-Baltic
- Lithuanian terms derived from Proto-Baltic
- Lithuanian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Lithuanian lemmas
- Lithuanian nouns
- Lithuanian feminine nouns
- lt:Bodies of water
- lt:Geography
- lt:Landforms
- Samogitian lemmas
- Samogitian nouns
- Samogitian feminine nouns
- sgs:Geography