lixiviar

Portuguese

Etymology

From lixívia, or borrowed from a Medieval Latin *lixīviāre.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /li.ʃi.viˈa(ʁ)/ [li.ʃi.vɪˈa(h)], (faster pronunciation) /li.ʃiˈvja(ʁ)/ [li.ʃiˈvja(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /li.ʃi.viˈa(ʁ)/ [li.ʃi.vɪˈa(h)], (faster pronunciation) /li.ʃiˈvja(ʁ)/ [li.ʃiˈvja(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /li.ʃi.viˈa(ɾ)/ [li.ʃi.vɪˈa(ɾ)], (faster pronunciation) /li.ʃiˈvja(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /li.ʃi.viˈa(ʁ)/ [li.ʃi.vɪˈa(χ)], (faster pronunciation) /li.ʃiˈvja(ʁ)/ [li.ʃiˈvja(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /li.ʃi.viˈa(ɻ)/ [li.ʃi.vɪˈa(ɻ)], (faster pronunciation) /li.ʃiˈvja(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /li.ʃiˈvjaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /li.ʃiˈvjaɾ/
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /li.ʃiˈbjaɾ/ [li.ʃiˈβjaɾ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /li.ʃiˈvja.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: li‧xi‧vi‧ar

Verb

lixiviar (first-person singular present lixivio, first-person singular preterite lixiviei, past participle lixiviado)

1. to lixiviate, leach

Conjugation

    Conjugation of lixiviar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	lixiviar
Personal	lixiviar	lixiviares	lixiviar	lixiviarmos	lixiviardes	lixiviarem
Gerund
	lixiviando
Past participle
Masculine	lixiviado			lixiviados
Feminine	lixiviada			lixiviadas
Indicative
Present	lixivio	lixivias	lixivia	lixiviamos	lixiviais	lixiviam
Imperfect	lixiviava	lixiviavas	lixiviava	lixiviávamos	lixiviáveis	lixiviavam
Preterite	lixiviei	lixiviaste	lixiviou	lixiviamos1, lixiviámos2	lixiviastes	lixiviaram
Pluperfect	lixiviara	lixiviaras	lixiviara	lixiviáramos	lixiviáreis	lixiviaram
Future	lixiviarei	lixiviarás	lixiviará	lixiviaremos	lixiviareis	lixiviarão
Conditional	lixiviaria	lixiviarias	lixiviaria	lixiviaríamos	lixiviaríeis	lixiviariam
Subjunctive
Present	lixivie	lixivies	lixivie	lixiviemos	lixivieis	lixiviem
Imperfect	lixiviasse	lixiviasses	lixiviasse	lixiviássemos	lixiviásseis	lixiviassem
Future	lixiviar	lixiviares	lixiviar	lixiviarmos	lixiviardes	lixiviarem
Imperative
Affirmative		lixivia	lixivie	lixiviemos	lixiviai	lixiviem
Negative (não)		não lixivies	não lixivie	não lixiviemos	não lixivieis	não lixiviem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Spanish

Etymology

Formed from the root of Latin lixivia (see lejía), or borrowed from a Medieval Latin lixiviāre

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /liɡsiˈbjaɾ/ [liɣ̞.siˈβ̞jaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: li‧xi‧viar

Verb

lixiviar (first-person singular present lixivio, first-person singular preterite lixivié, past participle lixiviado)

1. (transitive) to lixiviate; leach

Conjugation

    Conjugation of lixiviar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			lixiviar
gerund			lixiviando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		lixiviado		lixiviada
		plural		lixiviados		lixiviadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	lixivio	lixiviastú lixiviásvos	lixivia	lixiviamos	lixiviáis	lixivian
	imperfect	lixiviaba	lixiviabas	lixiviaba	lixiviábamos	lixiviabais	lixiviaban
	preterite	lixivié	lixiviaste	lixivió	lixiviamos	lixiviasteis	lixiviaron
	future	lixiviaré	lixiviarás	lixiviará	lixiviaremos	lixiviaréis	lixiviarán
	conditional	lixiviaría	lixiviarías	lixiviaría	lixiviaríamos	lixiviaríais	lixiviarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	lixivie	lixiviestú lixiviésvos2	lixivie	lixiviemos	lixiviéis	lixivien
	imperfect (ra)	lixiviara	lixiviaras	lixiviara	lixiviáramos	lixiviarais	lixiviaran
	imperfect (se)	lixiviase	lixiviases	lixiviase	lixiviásemos	lixiviaseis	lixiviasen
	future1	lixiviare	lixiviares	lixiviare	lixiviáremos	lixiviareis	lixiviaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		lixiviatú lixiviávos	lixivie	lixiviemos	lixiviad	lixivien
	negative		no lixivies	no lixivie	no lixiviemos	no lixiviéis	no lixivien

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of lixiviar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive lixiviar
	dative	lixiviarme	lixiviarte	lixiviarle, lixiviarse	lixiviarnos	lixiviaros	lixiviarles, lixiviarse
	accusative	lixiviarme	lixiviarte	lixiviarlo, lixiviarla, lixiviarse	lixiviarnos	lixiviaros	lixiviarlos, lixiviarlas, lixiviarse
with gerund lixiviando
	dative	lixiviándome	lixiviándote	lixiviándole, lixiviándose	lixiviándonos	lixiviándoos	lixiviándoles, lixiviándose
	accusative	lixiviándome	lixiviándote	lixiviándolo, lixiviándola, lixiviándose	lixiviándonos	lixiviándoos	lixiviándolos, lixiviándolas, lixiviándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative lixivia
	dative	lixíviame	lixíviate	lixíviale	lixívianos	not used	lixíviales
	accusative	lixíviame	lixíviate	lixívialo, lixíviala	lixívianos	not used	lixívialos, lixívialas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative lixiviá
	dative	lixiviame	lixiviate	lixiviale	lixivianos	not used	lixiviales
	accusative	lixiviame	lixiviate	lixivialo, lixiviala	lixivianos	not used	lixivialos, lixivialas
with formal second-person singular imperative lixivie
	dative	lixívieme	not used	lixíviele, lixíviese	lixívienos	not used	lixívieles
	accusative	lixívieme	not used	lixívielo, lixíviela, lixíviese	lixívienos	not used	lixívielos, lixívielas
with first-person plural imperative lixiviemos
	dative	not used	lixiviémoste	lixiviémosle	lixiviémonos	lixiviémoos	lixiviémosles
	accusative	not used	lixiviémoste	lixiviémoslo, lixiviémosla	lixiviémonos	lixiviémoos	lixiviémoslos, lixiviémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative lixiviad
	dative	lixiviadme	not used	lixiviadle	lixiviadnos	lixiviaos	lixiviadles
	accusative	lixiviadme	not used	lixiviadlo, lixiviadla	lixiviadnos	lixiviaos	lixiviadlos, lixiviadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative lixivien
	dative	lixívienme	not used	lixívienle	lixíviennos	not used	lixívienles, lixíviense
	accusative	lixívienme	not used	lixívienlo, lixívienla	lixíviennos	not used	lixívienlos, lixívienlas, lixíviense

Further reading

• “lixiviar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014