Wiktionary

tu

See also: TU, ես, and Appendix:Variations of "tu"

EnglishEdit

ParticleEdit

tu

  1. Pronunciation spelling of to, representing African-American Vernacular English.

AfarEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

tú f 

  1. thing

DeclensionEdit

Declension of tú
absolutive tú
predicative tú
subjective tú
genitive tú
Postpositioned forms
l-case túl
k-case túk
t-case tút
h-case túh

SynonymsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985), “tu”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
  • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎[1], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

AinuEdit

Ainu cardinal numbers
 <  1 2 3  >
    Cardinal : tu
    Ordinal : tu ikinne

PronunciationEdit

NumeralEdit

tu (Kana spelling トゥ)

  1. two

AlbanianEdit

EtymologyEdit

Unknown.

NounEdit

tu ?

  1. may

AromanianEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

PronounEdit

tu

  1. you (singular)
Related termsEdit
See alsoEdit

Etymology 2Edit

Compare tru.

PrepositionEdit

tu

  1. in
  2. into
SynonymsEdit

AsturianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin tū.

PronounEdit

tu

  1. you (singular)

Atong (India)Edit

EtymologyEdit

From English two.

PronunciationEdit

NumeralEdit

tu (Bengali script তু)

  1. two

SynonymsEdit

ReferencesEdit

BambaraEdit

NounEdit

tu

  1. forest; thicket

VerbEdit

tu

  1. to spit (out)

BatuleyEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Indonesian tua.

AdjectiveEdit

tu

  1. old

ReferencesEdit

Big NambasEdit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

tu

  1. give
    Patu pai ani!
    Give him a yam!.

ReferencesEdit

BislamaEdit

Bislama cardinal numbers
 <  1 2 3  >
    Cardinal : tu

Etymology 1Edit

From English two.

NumeralEdit

tu

  1. two

Etymology 2Edit

From English too.

AdverbEdit

tu

  1. too

BorôroEdit

VerbEdit

tu

  1. to go

BretonEdit

NounEdit

tu m

  1. side

CatalanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Catalan tu, from Latin tū.

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

tu

  1. you (singular); thou
  2. one (singular, impersonal)

DeclensionEdit

Catalan personal pronouns and clitics
strong/subject weak (direct object) weak (indirect object) possessive
singular proclitic enclitic proclitic enclitic
1st person jo, mi3 em, m’ -me, ’m em, m’ -me, ’m meu
1st person majestic1 nós ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd person tu et, t’ -te, ’t et, t’ -te, ’t teu
2nd person formal1 vós us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
2nd person very formal2 vostè el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
3rd person masculine ell el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
3rd person feminine ella la, l’4 -la li -li seu
3rd person neuter ho -ho li -li seu
3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
plural
1st person nosaltres ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd person vosaltres us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
2nd person formal2 vostès els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person masculine ells els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person feminine elles les -les els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
adverbial
ablative/genitive en, n’ -ne, ’n
locative hi -hi
1) Behaves grammatically as plural.
2) Behaves grammatically as third person. 		3) Only as object of a preposition.
4) Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • “tu” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

ChilcotinEdit

NounEdit

tu

  1. water

ReferencesEdit

  • Eung-Do Cook (2013) A Tsilhqút'ín Grammar

ChipewyanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Athabaskan [Term?]; cognate with Hän chuu, Ahtna tuu, Deg Xinag te, Navajo tó, Gwich'in chųų, etc.

NounEdit

tu

  1. water

ReferencesEdit

  • Eung-Do Cook (2004) A grammar of Dëne Sųłiné (Chipewyan), page 350

Coatecas Altas ZapotecEdit

NumeralEdit

tu

  1. one

ReferencesEdit

CornishEdit

AdjectiveEdit

tu

  1. Hard mutation of du.
  2. Mixed mutation of du.

CzechEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Old Czech tu, from Proto-Slavic *tu.

AdverbEdit

tu

  1. (informal or dialectal) here
    Synonyms: zde, tady

Etymology 2Edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

PronounEdit

tu

  1. feminine accusative singular of ten

Further readingEdit

  • tu in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • tu in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • tu in Internetová jazyková příručka

DrungEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-tawŋ.

NumeralEdit

tu

  1. thousand

ReferencesEdit

  • Ross Perlin (2019) A Grammar of Trung‎[2], Santa Barbara: University of California

EweEdit

NounEdit

tu (plural tuwo)

  1. gun

VerbEdit

tu

  1. to build
  2. to close
  3. to crush
  4. to grind
  5. to meet
  6. to untie

FalaEdit

DeterminerEdit

tu f sg

  1. (Lagarteiru) Apocopic form of túa (“your”)

Usage notesEdit

  • Used in Lagarteiru before a feminine singular noun as part of a noun phrase.

See alsoEdit

Fala possessive determiners and pronouns
Possessee
Singular Plural
Masculine Feminine Masculine Feminine
Possessor First person Singular mei miña meis miñas
Plural nosu nosa nosus nosas
Second person Singular tei túa, tu1 teis túas, tus1
Plural vosu vosa vosus vosas
Third person sei súa, su1 seis súas, sus1
  1. Determiner forms used in Lagarteiru before a noun.

ReferencesEdit

  • Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu [Fala Dictionary]‎[3], CIDLeS, →ISBN, page 266

FanagaloEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from English two.

NumeralEdit

tu

  1. two

FijianEdit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

tu

  1. to stand
  2. to be (only in situations regarding posture or position)

FrenchEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Old French tu, from Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Cognates with the exact same usage are the Italian tu, as well as du in German or ты in Russian.

PronounEdit

tu (second person informal singular, plural vous, object te, emphatic toi, possessive determiner ton)

  1. you (singular); thou
Usage notesEdit
  • When more pronouns are included in the same sentence, it is considered somewhat impolite to say the pronoun moi first, etiquette says it must be the last one, and toi must be said after a third person:
    • Rose, toi et moi irons là-bas., “Rose, you and I will go there.”
  • "Tu" is used to address one person in an informal situation. Older people tend to exclusively use it with familiar people, and do not use it with unfamiliar adults unless invited to; but younger people use this pronoun much more, using it together in any informal situation, even if they don't know each other. Using "vous" in this context will be seen as old-fashioned and distant.
  • "Tu" is not typically used in formal settings such as business meetings and never in court, regardless of the relationship between the speaker and the listener.
  • Using "vous" when "tu" would be more appropriate will come across as rigid and awkward; however, using "tu" when "vous" would be more appropriate could come over as deliberate disrespect. For this reason, as a rule of thumb, it is advised to use "vous" if in doubt, as it is "all-encompassing".
  • Children are always addressed using "tu" – vous would come over as comical. In elementary, middle, and high schools, teachers address students using "tu", but students address teachers using vous. In higher education usage of vous becomes more common in both directions when in a formal context – though it's not as much of a deal as in, say, a court.
  • In formal written communication to any adult, use vous. Not doing so may come over as unprofessional at best, deliberately disrespectful at worst.

As a final note: These come as natural to a person who grew up in a French-speaking country, but not necessarily for outsiders. If you are obviously a foreigner, people will normally be forgiving of such mistakes.

InflectionEdit
  • Nominative: tu
  • Emphatic: toi
  • Oblique: te
  • t' (proclitic form, colloquial)
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
  • vous (plural form and polite singular form)
French personal pronouns
Number Person Gender Nominative
(subject) 		Accusative
(direct complement) 		Dative
(indirect complement) 		Locative
(at) 		Genitive
(of) 		Disjunctive
(tonic)
Singular First — je, j’ me, m’ — — moi
Second — tu te, t’ — — toi
Third Masculine il le, l’ lui y en lui
Feminine elle la, l’ elle
Indeterminate on1 — — — — —
Reflexive — se, s’4 — — soi4
Plural First — nous nous — — nous
Second — vous2 vous2,3 — — vous2
Third Masculine ils3 les leur y en eux3
Feminine elles elles
1 Also used as the first person plural.
2 Also used as the polite singular form.
3 Also used when a group has both men and women.
4 Also used as third person plural reflexive.

Etymology 2Edit

ParticipleEdit

tu (feminine tue, masculine plural tus, feminine plural tues)

  1. past participle of taire

Etymology 3Edit

From t-il.

ParticleEdit

tu

  2. (Quebec, informal) question marker
    C'est-tu possible ? ― Is it possible?

Further readingEdit

AnagramsEdit

FriulianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

PronounEdit

tu

  1. you

See alsoEdit

Friulian personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person jo nô
2nd person familiar tu vô
polite lui, jê lôr
3rd person m lui, lôr
f jê lôr

GaulishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Celtic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

PronounEdit

tū (plural suīs)

  1. you (singular); thou

InflectionEdit

  • Nominative: tū
  • Accusative: ti/te
  • Dative: toi

ReferencesEdit

  • Václav Blažek (2008), “Gaulish Language”, in Sborník prací filozofické fakulty brněnské univerzity / Studia minora facultatis philosophicae universitatis brunensis‎[4], page 59

GermanEdit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

tu

  1. singular imperative of tun

IbanEdit

PronunciationEdit

DeterminerEdit

tu

  1. this (what is being indicated)

PronounEdit

tu

  1. this

See alsoEdit

IdoEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from English thou, French tu, German du, Italian tu, Spanish tú, Russian ты (ty), all ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ with +‎ -u.

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

tu (second person singular)

  1. (informal, familiar) you (singular), thou
    Synonym: (formal) vu

Derived termsEdit

See alsoEdit

    Personal pronouns in Ido
  Singular Plural
Nominative Possessive Nominative Possessive
Singular Plural Singular Plural
First person  me  mea  mei  ni  nia  nii
Second person Formal  vu  vua  vui  vi  via  vii
Familiar  tu  tua  tui
Third person Masculine  ilu, il  ilua  ilui  ili  ilia  ilii
Feminine  elu, el  elua  elui  eli  elia  elii
Neuter  olu, ol  olua  olui  oli  olia  olii
Common  lu  lua  lui  li  lia  lii
Reflexive  su  sua  sui  su  sua  sui
Indefinite  onu, on  onua  onui  onu, on  onua  onui
Notes
The possessive plurals are seldom used.
The shortened forms are preferred.
The pangendered forms are preferred to the gendered or neuter forms in most scenarios.

InterlinguaEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin and common Romance tu.

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

tu (second person singular)

  1. you (singular); thou

InflectionEdit

subject tu
object te
reflexive te
possessive tu, tue

DeterminerEdit

tu

  1. (possessive) your

ItalianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈtu/*
  • (most parts of Latium) IPA(key): /ˈtu/°
  • Rhymes: -u
  • Syllabification: tù

PronounEdit

tu (second person singular)

  1. you (singular); thou

Usage notesEdit

  • Italian being a pro-drop language, subject pronouns are mostly omitted, both in the written and spoken language, as the inflected verb is conjugated by person. An example would be: Mangi una mela, which is much more common than Tu mangi una mela, where the subject can be inferred from the inflected form mangi ; similarly È carina instead of Lei è carina. The explicit usage of personal pronouns may sound redundant to a native speaker, except when it is used in order to emphasize the subject. (Tu mangi una mela could be interpreted as You are eating an apple and I am not)..
  • The second-person pronoun in particular can sound confidential and, in some cases, even impolite.

See alsoEdit

Italian personal pronouns
Number Person Gender Nominative Reflexive Accusative Dative Conjunctive Disjunctive Locative Partitive
Singular first — io mi, m', -mi me me —
second — tu ti, t', -ti te te
third m lui si2, s', -si lo, l', -lo gli, -gli glie, se2 lui, sé ci, c',
vi, v' (formal) 		ne, n'
f lei, Lei1 la, La1, l', L'1, -la, -La1 le3, Le1, -le3, -Le1 lei, Lei1, sé
Plural first — noi ci, c', -ci ce noi —
second — voi, Voi4 vi, Vi4, v', V'4, -vi, -Vi4 ve voi, Voi4
third m loro, Loro1 si, s', -si li, Li1, -li, -Li1 gli, -gli, loro (formal),
Loro1		 glie, se loro, Loro1, sé ci, c',
vi, v' (formal) 		ne, n'
f le, Le1, -le, -Le1
1 Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead.
2 Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive.
3 Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language.
4 Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous).

Further readingEdit

JapaneseEdit

RomanizationEdit

tu

  1. Rōmaji transcription of とぅ
  2. Rōmaji transcription of トゥ

KalashaEdit

PronounEdit

tu

  1. you (2nd-person personal pronoun)

See alsoEdit

Kalasha personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person a / آ‎ ábi / آبی‎
2nd person tu / تُو‎ ábi / آبی‎
3rd person (near) ía / اِیا‎ émi / ایمی‎
3rd person (far) ása / آسا‎ éḷi / ایࣇی‎
3rd person (absent) se / سے‎ te / تے‎

Kalo Finnish RomaniEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Romani tu, from Sanskrit त्वम् (tvam), from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

PronounEdit

tu

  1. you (singular)

ReferencesEdit

  • “tu” in Finnish Romani-English Dictionary, ROMLEX – the Romani Lexicon Project, 2000.

Khumi ChinEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Kuki-Chin [Term?], from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tu. Cognates include Burmese တူ (tu) and Chinese 錘 (chuí).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

tu

  1. hammer

ReferencesEdit

  • K. E. Herr (2011) The phonological interpretation of minor syllables, applied to Lemi Chin‎[5], Payap University, page 48

LadinoEdit

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

tu (Latin spelling)

  1. (informal) you (singular)

See alsoEdit

AdjectiveEdit

tu (Latin spelling)

  1. your

LatgalianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tū, Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Cognates include Latvian tu and Lithuanian tu.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): [ˈtu]
  • Hyphenation: tu

PronounEdit

tu

  1. thou, you (singular)
  2. (in reported speech) he, she (that is addressed)

DeclensionEdit

Declension of tu
singular plural
nominative tu jius
genitive teve, tevi juisu
dative tev jums
accusative tevi jius
locative tevī jiusūs

See alsoEdit

Latgalian personal pronouns
first second third (a.) third (l.)
m f m f
singular es tu jis jei šys šei
plural mes jius jī juos šī šuos

ReferencesEdit

  • A. Andronov; L. Leikuma (2008) Latgalīšu-Latvīšu-Krīvu sarunu vuordineica, Lvava, →ISBN, page 10
  • Nicole Nau (2011) A short grammar of Latgalian, München: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 35

LatinEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ or *tū.

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

tū (second person singular, possessive adjective tuus)

  1. you (singular); thou
    Mē tuī pudet.
    I am ashamed of you.

Usage notesEdit

When used in the plural genitive, vestrī is used when it is the object of an action, especially when used with a gerund or gerundive. When used in such a construction, the gerund or gerundive takes on the masculine genitive singular. Vestrum is used as a partitive genitive, used in constructions such as (one of you).

DeclensionEdit

Number Singular Plural
Person First Second Reflexive third Third First Second Reflexive third Third
Case / Gender Masc./ Fem./Neut. Masc. Fem. Neut. Masc./ Fem./Neut. Masc. Fem. Neut.
Nominative ego
egō 		tū — is ea id nōs vōs — eī
iī 		eae ea
Genitive meī tuī suī eius nostrī
nostrum 		vestrī
vestrum 		suī eōrum eārum eōrum
Dative mihi tibi sibi eī nōbīs vōbīs sibi eīs
Accusative mē tē sē
sēsē 		eum eam id nōs vōs sē
sēsē 		eōs eās ea
Ablative mē tē sē
sēsē 		eō eā eō nōbīs vōbīs sē
sēsē 		eīs
Vocative egō tū — nōs vōs —
  • Plautus sometimes has sg. gen. tis.
  • Tēd is an early form of tē.

QuotationsEdit

Derived termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

descendants
  • Aromanian: tu
  • Corsican: tù
  • Dalmatian: te
  • Friulian: tu
  • Istro-Romanian: tú
  • Italian: tu
  • Ladin: tu
  • Megleno-Romanian: tu
  • Mozarabic: ت‎ (tu)
  • Navarro-Aragonese: tu
    • Aragonese: tu
  • Neapolitan: tu
  • Old French: tu
    • Gallo: tu
    • Middle French:
      • French: tu
    • Norman: tu, tu (Guernésiais)
    • Picard: tu
    • Walloon: tu
  • Old Leonese:
    • Asturian: tu
    • Leonese: tu
    • Mirandese: tu
  • Old Occitan: tu
    • Occitan: tu
    • Old Catalan: tu
      • Catalan: tu
  • Old Portuguese: tu
  • Old Spanish: tu
    • Extremaduran: tú
    • Ladino: tu
    • Spanish: tú
      • Chavacano: tu
  • Romanian: tu
  • Romansch: tu, tü
  • Shona: tue
  • Sicilian: tu
  • Venetian: ti

See alsoEdit

Latin personal pronouns together with the possessive and reflexive pronouns
Number Person Gender Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative Possessive
Singular First — ego meī mihi mē meus, -a, -um
Second — tū tuī tibi tē tuus, -a, -um
Reflexive third — — suī sibi sē, sēsē suus, -a, -um
Third Masculine is eius eī eum eō eius
Feminine ea eam eā
Neuter id id eō
Plural First — nōs nostrī, nostrum nōbīs nōs nōbīs noster, -tra,
-trum
Second — vōs vestrī, vestrum vōbīs vōs vōbīs vester, -tra,
-trum
Reflexive third — — suī sibi sē, sēsē suus, -a, -um
Third Masculine eī, iī eōrum eīs eōs eīs eōrum
Feminine eae eārum eās eārum
Neuter ea eōrum ea eōrum

ReferencesEdit

  • “tu”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “tu”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers

LatvianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tū, Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. The Latvian tevis comes from *tevens, with an -en-increased form showing an additional s by analogy with other genitive plurals. The dative form was originally closer to Old Prussian tebbei; the current form tev has a v due to influence from other declension forms, and the ending was reduced. The accusative tevi comes from *teven, with n by analogy to the accusative form of other words. The locative tevī was formed by analogy with i-stem nouns.[1]

PronunciationEdit

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PronounEdit

tu (personal, 2nd person singular)

  1. (informal in the singular) you; (dated) thou; second person pronoun, referring to the addressee
    vai tu nāksi man līdzi? ― are you coming with me?
    pieder tautai, tad tauta piederēs tev! ― belong to the people, and then the people will belong to you!
    būt uz tu ar kādu ― to be on intimate terms (lit. to be on thou) with someone
  2. (in the expression “ak tu...”) used to strengthen the meaning of a word or expression
    "ak tu to skaļo gaiļa rīkli!" māte priecājas ― "oh you loud rooster throat!" mother said happily
    ak tu mūžs! cūka izlauzusies no aizgalda! ― ah (you) life! the pig escaped from the pen!

Usage notesEdit

The dative form tevim is used only optionally, with prepositions.

DeclensionEdit

declension of tu
nominative (nominatīvs) tu
accusative (akuzatīvs) tevi
genitive (ģenitīvs) tevis
dative (datīvs) tev (tevim)
instrumental (instrumentālis) tevi
locative (lokatīvs) tevī

Related termsEdit

See alsoEdit


ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “tu”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

LithuanianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tuˀ (“you”), from Proto-Indo-European *tuH. The oblique stem tav- has been generalized from the Proto-Indo-European genitive *téwe. For a discussion of the case endings, see àš (“I”).

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

tù

  1. you (singular)

DeclensionEdit

declension of tu
singular dual plural
nominative tù jùdu m, jùdvi f jū̃s
genitive tavę̃s jùdviejų jū́sų
dative táu jùdviem jùms
accusative tavè jùdu m, jùdvi f jùs
instrumental tavimì, tavim̃ jùdviem jumìs
locative tavyjè, tavỹ jùdviese jumysè

Derived termsEdit

See alsoEdit

Lithuanian personal pronouns
singular (vienaskaita) dual (dviskaita) plural (daugiskaita) reflexive
(sangrąžiniai)
1st person
(pirmasis asmuo) 		2nd person
(antrasis asmuo) 		3rd person
(trečiasis asmuo) 		1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
m f m f m f m f m f
nominative
(vardininkas) 		àš tù jìs,
jisaĩ 		jì,
jinaĩ 		mùdu mùdvi jùdu jùdvi juõdu,
jiẽdu 		jiẽdvi mẽs jū̃s jiẽ jõs -
genitive
(kilmininkas) 		manę̃s tavę̃s jõ jõs mùdviejų jùdviejų jų̃dviejų mū́sų jū́sų jų̃ savę̃s
dative
(naudininkas) 		mán táu jám jái mùdviem jùdviem jõdviem mùms jùms jíems jóms sáu
accusative
(galininkas) 		manè tavè jį̃ ją̃ mùdu mùdvi jùdu jùdvi juõdu jiẽdvi mùs jùs juõs jàs savè
instrumental
(įnagininkas) 		manimì, manim̃ tavimì, tavim̃ juõ jà mùdviem jùdviem jõdviem mumìs jumìs jaĩs jomìs savimì,
savim̃
locative
(vietininkas) 		manyjè, manỹ tavyjè, tavỹ jamè jojè mùdviese jùdviese jiẽdviese mumysè jumysè juosè josè savyjè,
savỹ
possessive
(savybiniai) 		màno tàvo jõ jõs mùdviejų jùdviejų jų̃dviejų mū́sų jū́sų jų̃ sàvo

Lower SorbianEdit

PronunciationEdit

DeterminerEdit

tu

  1. accusative feminine singular of ten

Lower TananaEdit

NounEdit

tu

  1. water

ReferencesEdit

  • James Kari (1991) Lower Tanana Athabaskan Listening and Writing Exercises

MalayEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

Shortened form of itu, from Proto-Malayic *(i)tu(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)tu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)Cu.

PronunciationEdit

DeterminerEdit

tu

  1. (colloquial) that (what is being indicated)

PronounEdit

tu

  1. (colloquial) that (that thing)

MandarinEdit

RomanizationEdit

tu

  1. Nonstandard spelling of tū.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of tú.
  3. Nonstandard spelling of tǔ.
  4. Nonstandard spelling of tù.

Usage notesEdit

  • English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

Mezquital OtomiEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Otomi *dų, from Proto-Otomian [Term?], from Proto-Oto-Pamean *tõ, from Proto-Oto-Manguean *ti(n).

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

tu (intransitive)

  1. die

Etymology 2Edit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

tu

  1. contain
  2. exist

Etymology 3Edit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

tu

  1. owe

Middle EnglishEdit

PronounEdit

tu

  1. Alternative form of þou (“thou”)

MirandeseEdit

PronounEdit

tu

  1. you (the second-person singular pronoun)

NeapolitanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin tū.

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

tu

  1. you

Nigerian PidginEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From English too.

AdverbEdit

tu

  1. too
  2. very

Etymology 2Edit

From English two.

NumeralEdit

tu

  1. two

North FrisianEdit

PrepositionEdit

tu

  1. (Mooring) to
    • 1867, Kleine Mittheilungen. Zur Sammlung der Sagen, Märchen und Lieder, der Sitten und Gebräuche der Herzogthümer Schleswig, Holstein und Lauenburg. Nachträge, herausgegeben von Dr. Handelmann in Jahrbücher für die Landeskunde der Herzogthümer Schleswig, Holstein und Lauenburg herausgegeben von der S. H. L. Gesellschaft für vaterländische Geschichte. Band IX., p. 126 (Von der Insel Amrum. Mitgetheilt von Chr. Johansen)
      Gung am tu Sam
      Am an Tram;

Northern KurdishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Iranian *tuHám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *túH, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

tu (second person singular)

  1. you (singular); thou

Related termsEdit

See alsoEdit

Norwegian NynorskEdit

Alternative formsEdit

PrepositionEdit

tu

  1. (dialectal, Trøndelag, Eastern Norway) Nonstandard form of ut or (“out from, out of”).

OccitanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Occitan tu, from Latin tū.

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

tu

  1. you (singular)

Old EnglishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Germanic *twō, neuter of *twai.

PronunciationEdit

NumeralEdit

tū

  1. neuter nominative/accusative of tweġen

Old IrishEdit

PronounEdit

tu

  1. Alternative spelling of tú

MutationEdit

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
tu thu tu
pronounced with /d(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Old PortugueseEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

tu

  1. thou, you (singular second person pronoun)

DescendantsEdit

  • Fala: tu
  • Galician: tu, ti
  • Portuguese: tu

PhaluraEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Sanskrit तुवम् (tuvam, “thou”).

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

tu (personal, Perso-Arabic spelling توۡ)

  1. you (2sg nom subject or direct object)

ReferencesEdit

  • Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎[6], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “tu”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

PolishEdit

EtymologyEdit

Inherited from Old Polish tu, from Proto-Slavic *tu.

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

tu

  1. here
    Synonym: tutaj

Further readingEdit

  • tu in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • tu in Polish dictionaries at PWN

PortugueseEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • Rhymes: -u
  • Hyphenation: tu

Etymology 1Edit

From Old Portuguese tu, from Latin tū (“you”), from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ (“you”).

PronounEdit

tu

  1. (informal in Portugal, literary, archaic or regional in Brazil) you; thou (singular second person pronoun)
    Synonyms: (Brazil, formal) o senhor, (formal in Portugal, informal in Brazil) você, (formal, archaic) vossa mercê, (formal, archaic) vosmecê, (formal, obsolete) vossemecê
  2. (Brazil, colloquial, proscribed) second-person singular prepositional pronoun;
    Ela gosta de tu. ― She's into you.
Usage notesEdit
  • Tu has fallen out of use in some regions of Brazil, including most of the Southeast and the Centre-West, where “você” has taken its place. It is still very commonly used in various regions of the country though, such as most of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, parts of Paraná, Rio de Janeiro city and most of the Northeast and North regions. It should be noted that, in Rio de Janeiro, the pronoun is frequently employed interchangeably with você. Despite the media's preference for "você", the usage of "tu" seems to have been gaining ground throughout the last few decades in Rio (see [7], a linguistic research on the topic in Portuguese), being most frequent among younger speakers.
  • According to grammars, tu should always take second person singular verbs, as is the case in Portugal and some parts of Brazil. However, in many Brazilian dialects which employ tu, it now takes third person singular verbs, like você.

See alsoEdit

Portuguese personal pronouns (edit)
Number Person Nominative
(subject) 		Accusative
(direct object) 		Dative
(indirect object) 		Prepositional Prepositional
with com 		Non-declining
m f m f m and f m f m f m f
Singular First eu me mim comigo
Second tu te ti contigo você
o senhor a senhora
Third ele ela o
(lo, no) 		a
(la, na) 		lhe ele ela com ele com ela o mesmo a mesma
se si consigo
Plural First nós nos nós connosco (Portugal)
conosco (Brazil) 		a gente
Second vós vos vós convosco, com vós vocês
os senhores as senhoras
Third eles elas os
(los, nos) 		as
(las, nas) 		lhes eles elas com eles com elas os mesmos as mesmas
se si consigo
Indefinite se si consigo

Etymology 2Edit

InterjectionEdit

tu

  1. (onomatopoeia) the sound produced by a telephone after one of the callers hangs up

RomaniEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Sanskrit त्वम् (tvam), from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

PronounEdit

tu

  1. you (singular)

DescendantsEdit

  • Kalo Finnish Romani: tu
  • Sinte Romani: tu
  • Welsh Romani: tu

See alsoEdit

Romani personal pronouns
Number Person Gender Nominative Accusative Dative Locative Ablative Instrumental Possessive
Singular First — me man manqe manθe manθar mança miro, -i, -e
Second — tu tut tuqe tuθe tuθar tuça tiro, -i, -e
Reflexive third — — pes pesqe pesθe pesθar peça pesqero, -i, -e
Third Masculine ov les lesqe lesθe lesθar leça lesqero, -i, -e
Feminine oj la laqe laθe laθar laça laqero, -i, -e
Plural First — amen amenqe amenθe amenθar amença amaro, -i, -e
Second — tumen tumenqe tumenθe tumenθar tumença tumaro, -i, -e
Reflexive third — — pen penqe penθe penθar pença penqero, -i, -e
Third — on len lenqe lenθe lenθar lença lenqero, -i, -e
Kalderash Romani personal pronouns
Number Person Gender Nominative Accusative (long and short forms) Dative Locative Ablative Instrumental Possessive
Singular First — me man, ma mánge mánde mándar mánsa múrro m, múrri f, múrre pl
Second — tu tut, tu túke túte tútar túsa tíro m, tíri f, tíre pl
Reflexive third — — pês, pe pêske pêste pêstar pêsa pêsko m, pêski f, pêske pl
Third Masculine wo lês, le lêske lêste lêstar lêsa lêsko m, lêski f, lêske pl
Feminine woi la, la láke láte látar lása láko m, láki f, láke pl
Plural First — ame amên, ame amênge amênde amêndar amênsa amáro m, amári f, amáre pl
Second — tume tumên, tume tumênge tumênde tumêndar tumênsa tumáro m, tumári f, tumáre pl
Reflexive third — — pên, pe pênge pênde pêndar pênsa pêngo m, pêngi f, pênge pl
Third — won lên, le lênge lênde lêndar lênsa lêngo m, lêngi f, lênge pl

RomanianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

tu

  1. you (singular), thou
    Synonyms: (semi-polite form) dumneata, (polite form) dumneavoastră

DeclensionEdit

Declension
Nominative
tu
Accusative
stressed (pe) unstressed
tine te
Genitive
Singular Plural
m & n f m f & n
tău ta tăi tale
Dative
stressed unstressed
ție îți
Reflexive
Accusative Dative
stressed unstressed stressed unstressed
tine te ție îți

See alsoEdit

Romanian personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person eu noi
2nd person plain tu voi
semi-polite dumneata dumneavoastră
polite dumneavoastră
3rd person
familiar 		m el ei
f ea ele
3rd person
polite 		m dumnealui dumnealor
f dumneaei

SassareseEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

tu

  1. you (singular)

Related termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • Rubattu, Antoninu (2006) Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes

SaviEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Sanskrit त्वम् (tvam).

PronounEdit

tu

  1. you; second-person singular and plural personal pronoun

ReferencesEdit

  • Nina Knobloch (2020) A grammar sketch of Sauji: An Indo-Aryan language of Afghanistan‎[8], Stockholm University

Scottish GaelicEdit

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

tu

  1. Form of of thu (“thou, you”) used after verb forms ending in -n, -s or -dh.

See alsoEdit

Scottish Gaelic personal pronouns
simple emphatic
singular plural singular plural
First person mi sinn mise sinne
Second person thu, tu1) sibh thusa, tusa1) sibhse
Third person m e iad esan iadsan
Third person f i ise
*) sibh and sibhse also act as the polite singular pronouns.
**) To mark a direct object of a verbal noun, the derivatives of gam are used.
1) used when following a verb ending in -n, -s or -dh.

Serbo-CroatianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Slavic *tu.

AdverbEdit

tȗ (Cyrillic spelling ту̑)

  1. here (in this place)
    Tu nikad nismo bili. ― We have never been here.
  2. (proximal) here, over here (in the indicated place nearby)
    Eno ih tu! ― Here they are!
  3. over here (to, towards this place)
    Dođi tu! ― Come over here!

SynonymsEdit

Related termsEdit

SicilianEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin tū.

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

tu (second person singular)

  1. you (informal); thou

InflectionEdit

nominative tu
prepositional tia
object, reflexive ti

Sinte RomaniEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Romani tu, from Sanskrit त्वम् (tvam), from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

PronounEdit

tu

  1. you (singular)

ReferencesEdit

  • “tu” in Sinte Romani-English Dictionary, ROMLEX – the Romani Lexicon Project, 2000.

SloveneEdit

PronunciationEdit

AdverbEdit

tȕ

  1. here, in this place

SynonymsEdit

Further readingEdit

  • “tu”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

South SlaveyEdit

Alternative formsEdit

  • (Jean Marie River) ti

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ. Cognates include Navajo tó and Chipewyan tuu.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /tʰù/
  • Hyphenation: tu

NounEdit

tu

  1. water

DeclensionEdit

Possessive inflection of tu (alienable; stem: -tué)
singular plural
1st person setué naxetué
2nd person netué
3rd person1) metué gitué
3rd person2) gotué
4th person yetué
reflexive ɂedetué,
detué 		kedetué
reciprocal — ɂełetué
indefinite ɂetué
areal gotué
1) Used for a possessed object when the subject is third person human plural and object is singular.
2) Used when the previous condition doesn't apply.
Possessive inflection of tu (inalienable; stem: -tú)
singular plural
1st person setú naxetú
2nd person netú
3rd person1) metú gitú
3rd person2) gotú
4th person yetú
reflexive ɂedetú,
detú 		kedetú
reciprocal — ɂełetú
indefinite ɂetú
areal gotú
1) Used for a possessed object when the subject is third person human plural and object is singular.
2) Used when the previous condition doesn't apply.

Derived termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • Keren Rice (1989) A Grammar of Slave, Berlin, West Germany: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 90

SpanishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin tuus, from Proto-Indo-European *towos.

PronunciationEdit

DeterminerEdit

tu sg (second person singular possessive of singular, of plural tus)

  1. (before the noun) Apocopic form of tuyo, your
    Synonym: (parts of Central and South America) su

Usage notesEdit

The forms tu and tus are only used before and within the noun phrase of the modified noun. In other positions, a form of tuyo is used instead:

Son tus libros. ― They are your books.
Son los libros tuyos. ― They are your books. (literally, “They are the books of yours.”)

Besides being a pronoun, because tu occurs in a noun phrase and expresses reference, it also grammatically classifies as a determiner (specifically a possessive/genitive determiner).

Related termsEdit

    Spanish possessive determiners
possessor preposed postposed or standalone
possessee possessee
singular plural singular plural
masculine feminine masculine feminine
First person: singular: mi mis mío mía míos mías
plural: (same as postposed/standalone) nuestro nuestra nuestros nuestras
Second person
(informal): 		singular: tu tus tuyo tuya tuyos tuyas
plural: (same as postposed/standalone) vuestro vuestra vuestros vuestras
Third person: su sus suyo suya suyos suyas

See alsoEdit

Further readingEdit

Sranan TongoEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From English two.

NumberEdit

tu

  1. two

Etymology 2Edit

From English too.

AdverbEdit

tu

  1. too, also, as well
    Synonym: owktu

SudovianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tūˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Compare Lithuanian tù, Latvian tu, Old Prussian tu, tou.[1][2]

PronounEdit

tu

  1. (second-person singular) you, thou

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ Zigmas Zinkevičius (1985), “Lenkų-jotvingių žodynėlis? [A Polish-Yotvingian dictionary?]”, in Baltistica (in Lithuanian), volume 21, issue 1, page 80: “tu ‘tu, l. ty’ 2.”
  2. ^ “tù” in Hock et al., Altlitauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch 2.0 (online, 2020–): “nar. prn. tu du”.

SwahiliEdit

PronunciationEdit

AdverbEdit

tu

  1. only

SwedishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse tvau, neuter nominative/accusative of tveir.

PronunciationEdit

NumeralEdit

tu

  1. (archaic, in the neuter) two
    Synonym: två

Usage notesEdit

  • tu was the old neuter of två. Thus, one would say "ett hus" (one house), "tu hus" (two houses). The equivalent for the number three was try or tri, which is likewise archaic.

Related termsEdit

Further readingEdit

AnagramsEdit

TanacrossEdit

NounEdit

tu

  1. water

ReferencesEdit

  • Jeff Leer, Proto-Athabaskan verb stem variation (1979), page 83

TausugEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuqu.

AdjectiveEdit

tu

  1. right (not left)

NounEdit

tu

  1. right hand

Etymology 2Edit

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təlu.

NumeralEdit

tu

  1. three

Etymology 3Edit

From Proto-Austronesian *tuduq.

NounEdit

tu

  1. a drop

VerbEdit

tu (used in the form magtu)

  1. to drip

TàyEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Tai *tuːᴬ. Cognate with Thai ตู (dtuu), Northern Thai ᨲᩪ, Lao ຕູ (tū), Lü ᦎᦴ (ṫuu), Tai Dam ꪔꪴ, Shan တူ (tǔu), Tai Nüa ᥖᥧ (tu), Ahom 𑜄𑜥 (tū), Zhuang dou.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

tu (閗, 須)

  1. door

ReferencesEdit

  • Lục Văn Pảo; Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003), Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎[9] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội
  • Hoàng Văn Ma; Lục Văn Pảo; Hoàng Chí (2006) Từ điển Tày-Nùng-Việt [Tay-Nung-Vietnamese dictionary] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Từ điển Bách khoa Hà Nội
  • Lương Bèn (2011) Từ điển Tày-Việt [Tay-Vietnamese dictionary]‎[10][11] (in Vietnamese), Thái Nguyên: Nhà Xuất bản Đại học Thái Nguyên

Tejalapan ZapotecEdit

NumeralEdit

tu

  1. one

ReferencesEdit

TimbeEdit

NounEdit

tu

  1. water

ReferencesEdit

Tocharian AEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Tocharian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Cognate with Tocharian B tuwe.

PronounEdit

tu

  1. you

Tok PisinEdit

This entry has fewer than three known examples of actual usage, the minimum considered necessary for clear attestation, and may not be reliable. This language is subject to a special exemption for languages with limited documentation. If you speak it, please consider editing this entry or adding citations. See also Help and the Community Portal.

Etymology 1Edit

From English two.

NumeralEdit

tu

  1. two
Usage notesEdit

Used when counting; see also tupela.

Etymology 2Edit

From English too.

AdverbEdit

tu

  1. too; also; as well
    • 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 1:15:
      God i mekim kamap tupela bikpela lait. Bikpela em san bilong givim lait long de, na liklik em mun bilong givim lait long nait. Na God i mekim kamap ol sta tu.
      →New International Version translation
    • 1995, John Verhaar, Toward a reference grammar of Tok Pisin: an experiment in corpus linguistics‎[12], →ISBN, page 433:
      Mekim olsem pinis, orait tupela i planim taro na banana, na kumu, painap, kon, tomato, na kaukau tu.
      (please add an English translation of this quote)

Upper KuskokwimEdit

NounEdit

tu

  1. water

ReferencesEdit

  • Raymond L. Collins, Betty Petruska, Dinak'i (our Words): Upper Kuskokwim Athabaskan Junior Dictionary (1979)

VietnameseEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Sino-Vietnamese word from 修.

VerbEdit

tu

  1. (intransitive) to isolate oneself from other people to follow rules in a philosophy or religion
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

VerbEdit

tu

  1. (transitive) to drink directly from a bottle by holding bottle mouth in one's mouth

VolapükEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from English too.

PronunciationEdit

AdverbEdit

tu

  1. (degree) too, excessively.

Derived termsEdit

WelshEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Brythonic *tʉβ, from Proto-Celtic *toibos, whence also Old Irish táeb and Irish taobh. Cognate with Breton tu, Cornish tu.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

tu m (uncountable)

  1. side

Derived termsEdit

PrepositionEdit

tu

  1. beside, next to

MutationEdit

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
tu du nhu thu
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further readingEdit

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “tu”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Welsh RomaniEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Romani tu, from Sanskrit त्वम् (tvam), from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

PronounEdit

tu

  1. you (singular)

ReferencesEdit

  • “tu” in Welsh Romani-English Dictionary, ROMLEX – the Romani Lexicon Project, 2000.

YaleEdit

NounEdit

tu

  1. water

ReferencesEdit

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