Wiktionary

eu

See also: Appendix:Variations of "eu"

Translingual

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Symbol

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eu

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Basque.

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Aromanian

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Pronoun

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eu

  1. Alternative form of io

Bourguignon

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Etymology

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From Latin ovum.

Noun

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eu m (plural eus)

  1. egg

Chuukese

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Numeral

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eu

  1. one
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Corsican

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Pronoun

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eu

  1. Alternative form of eiu

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Drehu

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Pronunciation

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Adverb

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eu

  1. when

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French

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Etymology

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From Middle French eu, from Old French eü, from Vulgar Latin *habūtus, replacing Classical Latin habitus.

The spelling, which contradicts the pronunciation, is because Middle French -eu- besides /ø/ also sometimes represented long /yː/. The latter cases were generally replaced with -û- in Early Modern French, e.g. dû, flûte for Middle French deu, fleute. However, in the case of eu and related forms the spelling û was considered awkward and so the Middle French form was preserved.

Pronunciation

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Participle

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eu (feminine eue, masculine plural eus, feminine plural eues)

  1. past participle of avoir

Anagrams

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Galician

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old Galician-Portuguese eu, from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈew/, (occasionally) /ˈɛw/, /ˈɪw/, (sandhi) /ˈjew/
  • Audio:(file)

Pronoun

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eu (after a preposition min, accusative me, dative me)

  1. I
    • 1399, M. González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 580:
      Saban todos que yeu Fernan Martinez, Clerigo rector da Yglesia de San Thomas da pescaria da Vila da Cruña
      Everyone know this, that I Fernán Martinez, rector cleric of the church of Saint Tomas, of the Pescaría (fishery) of the Town of A Coruña

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Galician personal pronouns
number person nominative
(subject) 		accusative
(direct object) 		dative
(indirect object) 		prepositional prepositional
with con 		non-declining
singular first eu me min comigo —
second ti te che ti contigo vostede
third m el o (lo, no) lle el con el —
f ela a (la, na) ela con ela —
plural first nós
nosoutros m
nosoutras f 		nos nós connosco —
second vós
vosoutros m
vosoutrasf 		vos vós convosco vostedes
third m eles os (los, nos) lles eles con eles —
f elas as (las, nas) elas con elas —
reflexive third /
indefinite 		— se si consigo —

References

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Japanese

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Romanization

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eu

  1. Rōmaji transcription of えう

Latin

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Etymology

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Compare Ancient Greek εὖ (eû, “well”, adverb).

Pronunciation

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Interjection

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eu

  1. bravo! well done!

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References

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  • “eu”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “eu”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers

Latvian

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Interjection

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eu

  1. Use to draw somebody's attention

Manx

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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eu (emphatic euish)

  1. second-person plural/form of ec
    at you/ye
  2. (idiomatic) your (plural)

Middle English

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Etymology 1

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Noun

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eu

  1. Alternative form of ewe

Etymology 2

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Pronoun

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eu

  1. (chiefly Early Middle English) Alternative form of yow

Nias

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Etymology

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From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kahiw, from Proto-Austronesian *kaSiw.

Noun

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eu (mutated form geu)

  1. wood

References

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  • Sundermann, Heinrich. 1905. Niassisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Moers: Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, p. 61.

Old French

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Verb

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eu

  1. past participle of avoir

Old Galician-Portuguese

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Etymology

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Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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eu

  1. I

Descendants

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  • Eonavian: eu
  • Fala: ei
  • Galician: eu
  • Portuguese: eu (see there for further descendants)

Old Occitan

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Alternative forms

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  • ieu
  • ie (before an enclitic)

Etymology

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Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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eu

  1. I (first-person singular subject pronoun)

Descendants

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Old Saxon

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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See iu.

Pronoun

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eu

  1. you (accusative)

Declension

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Old Saxon personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative genitive
singular 1st person ik mī, me, mik mī mīn
2nd person thū thī, thik thī thīn
3rd
person 		m hē ina imu is
f siu sia iru ira
n it it is
dual 1st person wit unk unkero, unka
2nd person git ink inker, inka
plural 1st person wī, we ūs, unsik ūs ūser
2nd person gī, ge eu, iu, iuu euwar, iuwer, iuwar, iuwero, iuwera
3rd
person 		m sia im iro
f sia
n siu

Portuguese

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Etymology

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From Old Galician-Portuguese eu, from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆. Doublet of ego.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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eu

  1. I (first-person singular personal pronoun)
  2. (Brazil, nonstandard, proscribed) first-person singular prepositional pronoun; me

Quotations

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For quotations using this term, see Citations:eu.

Derived terms

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See also

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Portuguese personal pronouns
number person nominative
(subject) 		accusative
(direct object) 		dative
(indirect object) 		prepositional prepositional
with com 		non-declining
singular first eu me mim comigo —
second tu te ti contigo você
o senhor m
a senhora f
third m ele o (lo, no) lhe ele com ele o mesmo
f ela a (la, na) ela com ela a mesma
plural first nós nos nós connosco (Portugal)
conosco (Brazil) 		a gente
second vós vos vós convosco
com vós 		vocês
os senhores m
as senhoras f
third m eles os (los, nos) lhes eles com eles os mesmos
f elas as (las, nas) elas com elas as mesmas
reflexive third /
indefinite 		— se si consigo o mesmo etc. (reflexive)

Noun

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eu m (plural eus)

  1. (chiefly philosophy) ego; self (individual person as the object of his own reflective consciousness)
    Synonym: ego

Derived terms

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Interjection

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eu!

  1. Used to draw attention to oneself after having their name called.
    Dr. Hélio? – Eu!
    Dr. Hélio? – Here!

Descendants

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Romanian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): (pronoun) /jew/, (noun) /ew/
  • IPA(key): (pronoun, colloquial) /jo/
  • Rhymes: -ew
  • Hyphenation: eu
  • Audio:(file)

Pronoun

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eu

  1. (nominative form) I

Declension

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Declension of eu
stressed unstressed
nominative eu
accusative mine mă
dative mie îmi
possessive forms
singular plural
masculine meu mei
neuter mele
feminine mea

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Romanian personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person eu noi
2nd person plain tu voi
semi-polite dumneata dumneavoastră
polite dumneavoastră
3rd person familiar m el ei
familiar f ea ele
polite m dumnealui dumnealor
polite f dumneaei

Noun

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eu n (plural euri)

  1. ego

Declension

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Declension of eu
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative-accusative eu eul euri eurile
genitive-dative eu eului euri eurilor
vocative eule eurilor

Romansch

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Pronoun

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eu (Vallader)

  1. Alternative form of jau (“I”)

Sassarese

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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eu

  1. Alternative form of éiu: I
    • 1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Primabéra [Springtime]”, in La poesia di l'althri [The poetry of others], Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 13:
      […] guasi guasi credu
      chi podaristhia eu puru
      o dubaristhia
      nascì torra. […]
      I almost believe that I, too, can, or should, be born again.
    • 2020 March 25, Ignazio Sanna, “Di nomme fozzu Asdrubale [My name is Asdrubale]”, in Ignazio Sanna - Prosa e poesia in sassarese‎[1]:
      Faccisigàddu, diggu grazie a Firumèna chi s’alluntàna e s’arròmba a lu muru; eu a lu muru d’aócci.
      Embarrassed, I thank Filomena, who distances herself, and leans on the wall; I [lean] to the opposite wall.

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References

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  • Rubattu, Antoninu (2006) Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes

Sicilian

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Alternative forms

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  • jeu (paroxytone, diphthongozed)
  • ju (oxytone doublet)
  • jo (o-coloured variant, dialectal (possible italianism/hiberism))
  • ia (Gallo-italic of Sicily, dialectal)
  • iu (italianism, dialectal)
  • jù, jèu, jò, ìa, ìu (non-standard, redundant discritics)

Etymology

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Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆. Cognate with Aromanian iou, Corsican eiu, French je, Italian and Neapolitan io, Catalan jo, Galician and Portuguese eu, Romanian eu, Spanish yo, Sardinian ego. Doublet of ju.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈɛu/, [ˈɛ.ʊ], [ˈɛw], [ˈjɛ.ʊ]
  • Hyphenation: è‧u

Pronoun

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eu

  1. (first person singular pronoun) I
    Eu sacciu lèggiri 'n sicilianu. ― I can read Sicilian.

Inflection

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nominative eu
prepositional (a) mìa
accusative mi
dative mi
reflexive mi

See also

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Welsh

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Alternative forms

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  • 'u (after vowels)
  • 'w (after the preposition i)

Pronunciation

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Usage notes

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  • Despite being written as u, the vowel here is /i̯/ in north Wales, making it homophonous with singular ei in all varieties of the spoken language.

Determiner

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eu (triggers h-prothesis of a following vowel)

  1. their
    Cwynent am eu blinder a’u hafiechyd.
    They complained of their weariness and their illness.

Pronoun

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eu (triggers h-prothesis of a following vowel)

  1. them (as the direct object of a verbal noun)
    Rhaid sganio’r ffeiliau cyn eu hagor a’u harchwilio.
    You have to scan the files before opening them and exploring them.

Usage notes

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  • Nhw is often added after the noun or verbnoun which eu precedes. In formal language, this is done to emphasise the determiner or pronoun. In colloquial language, it is not necessarily an indicator of emphasis, and is often included with the determiner and always included with the pronoun. The exception to the latter case is in passive constructions employing cael, where nhw is never used.
  • In formal Welsh, the contraction ’u is a valid form of eu found after mostly functional vowel-final words. In colloquial Welsh, eu is often contracted to ’u after almost any vowel-final word.
  • Pronomial eu and ’u can occur before any verbal noun. Before a verb, pronomial ’u is found only in formal language after certain vowel-final preverbal particles. See entry for ’u for more information.

Further reading

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  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “eu”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Yoruba

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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eú

  1. (Ekiti) anvil

Zhuang

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Verb

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eu (1957–1982 spelling eu)

  1. to sing (a folk song)

Etymology 2

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Adjective

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eu (1957–1982 spelling eu)

  1. weak; frail; feeble
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