Danish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Rebracketing of older oppå, from Old Norse upp + á, compare English 'pon from upon. The preposition å (on) is still used in some Jutlandic dialects in the same sense.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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  1. on
    Synonym: (Jutlandic) å

Adverb

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  1. on

Norwegian Bokmål

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Alternative forms

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  • paa (the old spelling)

Etymology

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Rebracketing of Old Norse upp á, compare English upon.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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  1. on
    Boken er bordetThe book is on the table
  2. on, against, touching; hanging from or being attached to (a vertical surface)
    Eplet henger den grenen.The apple is hanging on that branch.
    Skiltet veggen.The sign on the wall.
  3. on (a certain day)
    julaften.On Christmas eve.
  4. at (some abstract concepts)
    Jeg er jobb.I am at work.
  5. at (concerning time)
    den tiden...At that time...
  6. in (a language or dialect)
    Si det norsk.Say it in Norwegian.

Adverb

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  1. (of machines, etc) turned on; functioning

Derived terms

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References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Alternative forms

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  • paa (the old spelling)
  • pao (some western dialects)

Etymology

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Rebracketing of Old Norse upp á, compare English upon.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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  1. on (touching from above or touching, hanging from)
    Boka ligg bordet
    The book is on the table
  2. on, against, touching; hanging from or being attached to (a vertical surface)
    Eplet som heng den greina
    The apple hanging on that branch
    Skiltet veggen
    The sign on the wall
  3. on (a certain day)
    julaftan
    on Christmas Eve
  4. at (some abstract concepts)
    jobben
    at work
  5. at (concerning time)
    den tida
    at that time
  6. in (islands and many towns that are not on the coast)
    Island
    in Iceland
    Hamar
    in Hamar
  7. in (a language)
    nynorsk
    in Nynorsk
  8. in (part of the day, time of day)
    ettermiddagen
    in the afternoon

Adverb

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  1. (of machines, etc) turned on; functioning
    Fjernsynet står
    The television is on

Derived terms

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References

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Russenorsk

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Norwegian Nynorsk and Russian по (po).

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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  1. on
  2. in
  3. to (direction)
    Davai skip kom
    Come on, come to the ship
  4. at
  5. of (belonging)

References

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  • Ingvild Broch, Ernst H. Jahr (1984) Russenorsk: Et pidginspråk i Norge [Russenorsk: A pidgin language in Norway], 2 edition, Oslo: Novus Forlag

Swedish

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Etymology

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Rebracketing of uppå,[1] from Old Norse upp á. Compare English 'pon, formed in a similar way from upon.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /poː/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -oː

Preposition

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  1. on, on top of; touching from above
    Boken ligger bordet.
    The book lies on the table.
  2. on, against, touching; hanging from or being attached to (a vertical surface)
    Äpplet som hänger den grenen
    The apple hanging on that branch
    Skylten väggen
    The sign on the wall
  3. on (a certain day)
    julaftonon Christmas Eve
  4. at (some abstract concepts, and locations associated more with their purpose than architecture)
    jobbetat work
    begravningat a funeral
    festenat the party
    hockeyat a hockey game
    sjukhusetat the hospital
    stationenat the train station
    marknadenat the market
    toalettenon the toilet
    dassin the outhouse
  5. in (a language)
    svenskain Swedish
  6. in (part of the day, time of day)
    eftermiddagenin the afternoon
  7. of (part of an object)
    Ögat nålen
    The eye of the needle
    Slå huvudet spiken
    Hit the head of the nail

Usage notes

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only means at when it cannot mean on top, usually when talking about abstract concepts (which extends to clubs, hospitals, and other places where the focus is normally not on the building itself) rather than physical objects that one may be on top of. For at in a truly spatial sense, use vid. See also the usage notes for inuti.

In the time sense, it is only used for speaking of days when describing them in some sense: på julafton, på min födelsedag, på måndag; when giving a date this preposition is excluded: Han köpte bilen den tredje maj = He bought the car on the third of May.

The sense of can also be expressed using the genitive. For example, the phrase ögat nålen above is interchangeable with nålens öga.

Synonyms

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  • uppå (somewhat solemn or dialectal)
  • å (obsolete except in certain fixed expressions and compounds)

Adjective

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(not comparable)

  1. (predicative, of machines, etc) turned on; functioning
    Radion är inte .
    The radio isn't turned on.

Declension

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Invariable, only used predicatively.

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Lindström, Fredrik (2010) “Svårt att gissa arslets grundform [Hard to guess the lemma of arslet]”, in Språktidningen[1] (in Swedish), number 5, retrieved 20 August 2020