potkia
See also: pötkiä
Finnish edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Finnic *pockidak. Equivalent to potka (“hind leg, shank”) + -ia.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
potkia
- (transitive) to kick (repeatedly/continuously)
- (transitive, figurative) to kick out, dismiss, expel, eject
Usage notes edit
- potkia represents an action that is not temporally confined, e.g. that it is continuous: compare potkaista.
- (to kick): Usually atelic (partitive), but telic (accusative) use is also fairly common.
Conjugation edit
| Inflection of potkia (Kotus type 61/sallia, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | potkin | en potki | 1st sing. | olen potkinut | en ole potkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | potkit | et potki | 2nd sing. | olet potkinut | et ole potkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | potkii | ei potki | 3rd sing. | on potkinut | ei ole potkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | potkimme | emme potki | 1st plur. | olemme potkineet | emme ole potkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | potkitte | ette potki | 2nd plur. | olette potkineet | ette ole potkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | potkivat | eivät potki | 3rd plur. | ovat potkineet | eivät ole potkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | potkitaan | ei potkita | passive | on potkittu | ei ole potkittu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | potkin | en potkinut | 1st sing. | olin potkinut | en ollut potkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | potkit | et potkinut | 2nd sing. | olit potkinut | et ollut potkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | potki | ei potkinut | 3rd sing. | oli potkinut | ei ollut potkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | potkimme | emme potkineet | 1st plur. | olimme potkineet | emme olleet potkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | potkitte | ette potkineet | 2nd plur. | olitte potkineet | ette olleet potkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | potkivat | eivät potkineet | 3rd plur. | olivat potkineet | eivät olleet potkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | potkittiin | ei potkittu | passive | oli potkittu | ei ollut potkittu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | potkisin | en potkisi | 1st sing. | olisin potkinut | en olisi potkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | potkisit | et potkisi | 2nd sing. | olisit potkinut | et olisi potkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | potkisi | ei potkisi | 3rd sing. | olisi potkinut | ei olisi potkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | potkisimme | emme potkisi | 1st plur. | olisimme potkineet | emme olisi potkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | potkisitte | ette potkisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte potkineet | ette olisi potkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | potkisivat | eivät potkisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat potkineet | eivät olisi potkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | potkittaisiin | ei potkittaisi | passive | olisi potkittu | ei olisi potkittu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | potki | älä potki | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | potkikoon | älköön potkiko | 3rd sing. | olkoon potkinut | älköön olko potkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | potkikaamme | älkäämme potkiko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | potkikaa | älkää potkiko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | potkikoot | älkööt potkiko | 3rd plur. | olkoot potkineet | älkööt olko potkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | potkittakoon | älköön potkittako | passive | olkoon potkittu | älköön olko potkittu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | potkinen | en potkine | 1st sing. | lienen potkinut | en liene potkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | potkinet | et potkine | 2nd sing. | lienet potkinut | et liene potkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | potkinee | ei potkine | 3rd sing. | lienee potkinut | ei liene potkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | potkinemme | emme potkine | 1st plur. | lienemme potkineet | emme liene potkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | potkinette | ette potkine | 2nd plur. | lienette potkineet | ette liene potkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | potkinevat | eivät potkine | 3rd plur. | lienevät potkineet | eivät liene potkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | potkittaneen | ei potkittane | passive | lienee potkittu | ei liene potkittu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | potkia | present | potkiva | potkittava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | potkinut | potkittu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | potkiessa | potkittaessa | agent3 | potkima | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | potkimaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | potkien | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | potkimassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | potkimasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | potkimaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | potkimalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | potkimatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | potkiman | potkittaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th4 | verbal noun | potkiminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms edit
nouns
verbs
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “potkia”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
potkia
Anagrams edit
Ingrian edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Finnic *pockidak, equivalent to potka (“hind leg”) + -ia. Cognates include Finnish potkia and Estonian põtkida.
Pronunciation edit
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈpotkiɑ/, [ˈpo̞tke̞]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈpotkiɑ/, [ˈpo̞tkiɑ]
- Rhymes: -otkeː, -otkiɑ
- Hyphenation: pot‧ki‧a
Verb edit
potkia
- (transitive) to kick
Conjugation edit
| Conjugation of potkia (type 7/oppia, k- gradation) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indikativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | potin | en poti | 1st singular | oon potkint, oon potkinut | en oo potkint, en oo potkinut |
| 2nd singular | potit | et poti | 2nd singular | oot potkint, oot potkinut | et oo potkint, et oo potkinut |
| 3rd singular | potkii | ei poti | 3rd singular | ono potkint, ono potkinut | ei oo potkint, ei oo potkinut |
| 1st plural | potimma | emmä poti | 1st plural | oomma potkineet | emmä oo potkineet |
| 2nd plural | potitta | että poti | 2nd plural | ootta potkineet | että oo potkineet |
| 3rd plural | potkiit1), potkivat2), potitaa | evät poti, ei potita | 3rd plural | ovat potkineet | evät oo potkineet, ei oo potittu |
| impersonal | potitaa | ei potita | impersonal | ono potittu | ei oo potittu |
| Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | potin | en potkint, en potkinut | 1st singular | olin potkint, olin potkinut | en olt potkint, en olt potkinut |
| 2nd singular | potit | et potkint, et potkinut | 2nd singular | olit potkint, olit potkinut | et olt potkint, et olt potkinut |
| 3rd singular | potki | ei potkint, ei potkinut | 3rd singular | oli potkint, oli potkinut | ei olt potkint, ei olt potkinut |
| 1st plural | potimma | emmä potkineet | 1st plural | olimma potkineet | emmä olleet potkineet |
| 2nd plural | potitta | että potkineet | 2nd plural | olitta potkineet | että olleet potkineet |
| 3rd plural | potkiit1), potkivat2), potittii | evät potkineet, ei potittu | 3rd plural | olivat potkineet | evät olleet potkineet, ei olt potittu |
| impersonal | potittii | ei potittu | impersonal | oli potittu | ei olt potittu |
| Konditsionala | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | potkisin | en potkis | 1st singular | olisin potkint, olisin potkinut | en olis potkint, en olis potkinut |
| 2nd singular | potkisit, potkiist1) | et potkis | 2nd singular | olisit potkint, olisit potkinut | et olis potkint, et olis potkinut |
| 3rd singular | potkis | ei potkis | 3rd singular | olis potkint, olis potkinut | ei olis potkint, ei olis potkinut |
| 1st plural | potkisimma | emmä potkis | 1st plural | olisimma potkineet | emmä olis potkineet |
| 2nd plural | potkisitta | että potkis | 2nd plural | olisitta potkineet | että olis potkineet |
| 3rd plural | potkisiit1), potkisivat2), potittais | evät potkis, ei potittais | 3rd plural | olisivat potkineet | evät olis potkineet, ei olis potittu |
| impersonal | potittais | ei potittais | impersonal | olis potittu | ei olis potittu |
| Imperativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
| 2nd singular | poti | elä poti | 2nd singular | oo potkint, oo potkinut | elä oo potkint, elä oo potkinut |
| 3rd singular | potkikoo | elköö potkiko | 3rd singular | olkoo potkint, olkoo potkinut | elköö olko potkint, elköö olko potkinut |
| 1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
| 2nd plural | potkikaa | elkää potkiko | 2nd plural | olkaa potkineet | elkää olko potkineet |
| 3rd plural | potkikoot | elkööt potkiko, elköö potittako | 3rd plural | olkoot potkineet | elkööt olko potkineet, elköö olko potittu |
| impersonal | potittakkoo | elköö potittako | impersonal | olkoo potittu | elköö olko potittu |
| Potentsiala | |||||
| Preesens | |||||
| positive | negative | ||||
| 1st singular | potkinen | en potkine | |||
| 2nd singular | potkinet | et potkine | |||
| 3rd singular | potkinoo | ei potkine | |||
| 1st plural | potkinemma | emmä potkine | |||
| 2nd plural | potkinetta | että potkine | |||
| 3rd plural | potkinoot | evät potkine, ei potittane | |||
| impersonal | potittannoo | ei potittane | |||
| Nominal forms | |||||
| Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
| active | passive | ||||
| 1st | potkia | present | potkiva | potittava | |
| 2nd | inessive | potkijees | past | potkint, potkinut | potittu |
| instructive | potkien | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (potkikaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
| 3rd | illative | potkimaa | |||
| inessive | potkimaas | ||||
| elative | potkimast | ||||
| abessive | potkimata | ||||
| 4th | nominative | potkimiin | |||
| partitive | potkimista, potkimist | ||||
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation edit
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈpotkiɑ/, [ˈpo̞tke̞]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈpotkiɑ/, [ˈpo̞tkiɑ]
- Rhymes: -otkeː, -otkiɑ
- Hyphenation: pot‧ki‧a
Noun edit
potkia
References edit
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 426