ruch
Czech edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old Czech ruch, from Proto-Slavic *rȗxъ.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ruch m inan
- movement, especially brisk, quick movement of many people
- traffic
- Onomatopoeia for a striking or cracking sound; bang
Declension edit
Further reading edit
Kashubian edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ruch m inan
- Alternative form of rëch.
Declension edit
Declension of ruch
Further reading edit
- Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “ruch”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi[2], volume 2, page 885
Masurian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rȗxъ.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ruch m inan
- move; movement
- 2018, Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, translated by Paweł Pogorzelski and Psioter ôt Sziatków (Piotr Szatkowski), Małi Princ [The Little Prince], →ISBN, page 68:
- Ruchi ôt ti arniji bili tak regularne anÿ w baléczie.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Old Czech edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rȗxъ.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ruch m inan
Declension edit
Declension of ruch (hard o-stem)
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | ruch | ruchy | ruši, ruchové |
genitive | rucha, ruchu | ruchú | ruchóv |
dative | ruchu | ruchoma | ruchóm |
accusative | ruch | ruchy | ruchy |
vocative | ruše | ruchy | ruši, ruchové |
locative | rušě, ruchu | ruchú | rušiech |
instrumental | ruchem | ruchoma | ruchy |
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.
Descendants edit
- Czech: ruch
References edit
- Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “ruch”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
Plautdietsch edit
Adjective edit
ruch
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rȗxъ.[1] First attested in 1579.[2]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ruch m inan
- movement (physical motion between points in space)
- Synonym: przemieszczanie się
- movement (movement of the whole body or any part of it, intentionally or involuntarily)
- movement, exercise (physical activity, the purpose of which is to keep the body in the best condition)
- traffic (moving pedestrians or vehicles, or the flux or passage thereof)
- movement, action, bustle, liveliness (situation characterized by the fact that in a place there are many people who move and perform various activities at the same time)
- movement (a trend in various fields or social categories, a group of people with a common ideology who try together to achieve certain general goals)
- (games) move (turn, act of taking action in a game)
- Synonym: posunięcie
- act (deliberate action by a person to achieve an intended goal)
- (literary) change, shift (exchange of someone or something for someone or something else)
- (mining) coal mine that has been merged with another and incorporated into a larger mining enterprise, but retains relative independence as part of that enterprise's structure (Is there an English equivalent to this definition?)
- (military) maneuver (large training exercise of military troops)
- Synonym: manewr
- (obsolete) tin button with an eyelet
- (obsolete) taciturn person
Declension edit
Declension of ruch
Derived terms edit
nouns
verbs
- pójść w ruch pf, iść w ruch impf
Related terms edit
adjectives
nouns
verbs
Trivia edit
According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), ruch is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 90 times in scientific texts, 58 times in news, 76 times in essays, 37 times in fiction, and 8 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 269 times, making it the 186th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[3]
References edit
- ^ Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “ruch”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
- ^ Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “ruch”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “ruch”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language][1] (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 510
Further reading edit
- ruch in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- ruch in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “ruch”, in Słownik języka polskiego[3]
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “ruch”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861[4]
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1912), “ruch”, in Słownik języka polskiego[5] (in Polish), volume 5, Warsaw, page 761
- Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “ruch”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
Silesian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rȗxъ.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ruch m inan
- movement (physical motion between points in space)
- movement (act of moving a body part)
- movement (a trend in various fields or social categories, a group of people with a common ideology who try together to achieve certain general goals)
- Synonyms: akcyjŏ, partyjŏ, stŏwarziszynie
- (games) move (turn, act of taking action in a game)
- movement (manner of moving)
- traffic (moving pedestrians or vehicles, or the flux or passage thereof)
Declension edit
Declension of ruch
Further reading edit
- ruch in silling.org
Slovak edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rȗxъ.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ruch m inan
- movement, action, bustle, liveliness (situation characterized by the fact that in a place there are many people who move and perform various activities at the same time)
- diligent action
Declension edit
Declension of ruch
Further reading edit
- “ruch”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024