收斂

Chinese

		to receive; to accept; to collect to receive; to accept; to collect; in care of (used on address line after name)	arrange; control oneself; gather
trad. (收斂)		收	斂
simp. (收敛)		收	敛

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shōuliǎn, shōuliàn

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄡ ㄌㄧㄢˇ, ㄕㄡ ㄌㄧㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sau¹ lim⁵
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siu-liám

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shōuliǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄡ ㄌㄧㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shouliǎn
    • Wade–Giles: shou¹-lien³
    • Yale: shōu-lyǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shoulean
    • Palladius: шоулянь (šouljanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ li̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shōuliàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄡ ㄌㄧㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shouliàn
    • Wade–Giles: shou¹-lien⁴
    • Yale: shōu-lyàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shouliann
    • Palladius: шоулянь (šouljanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ li̯ɛn⁵¹/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 收斂／收敛 收殮／收殓

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: sau¹ lim⁵
    • Yale: sāu líhm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sau¹ lim⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: seo¹ lim⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐu̯⁵⁵ liːm¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siu-liám
    • Tâi-lô: siu-liám
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siuliarm
    • IPA (Xiamen): /siu⁴⁴⁻²² liam⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /siu³³ liam⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /siu⁴⁴⁻²² liam⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /siu⁴⁴⁻³³ liam⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /siu⁴⁴⁻³³ liam⁴¹/

Verb

收斂

1. (of a light ray, smile, etc.) to vanish; to disappear; to fade

   • 這時的夕陽，終於收斂了光芒而漸漸溫和，如一光焰柔柔的大紅燈籠懸在海與天的盡頭。 [MSC, trad.]
     这时的夕阳，终于收敛了光芒而渐渐温和，如一光焰柔柔的大红灯笼悬在海与天的尽头。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1997, Wang Weiwei, “Sunset Impression”

     Zhèshí de xīyáng, zhōngyú shōuliǎn le guāngmáng ér jiànjiàn wēnhé, rú yī guāngyàn róuróu de dà hóng dēnglóng xuán zài hǎi yǔ tiān de jìntóu. [Pinyin]

     The setting sun at that time began to finally let its light fade and became gradually mild, just as a big red lantern shedding gently its light hanging where the sea meets the sky.

2. to restrict; to constrain (behaviour, etc.); to curb; to restrain oneself; to pull back
3. (mathematics) to converge

   • 單調有界序列必收斂． [MSC, trad.]
     单调有界序列必收敛． [MSC, simp.]

     From: 2009, Wu Shengjian, Mathematical Analysis, volume I

     Dāndiào yǒujiè xùliè bì shōuliǎn. [Pinyin]

     Every bounded monotonic sequence converges.

4. (medicine) to astringe; to make astringent
5. to collect (a fee)
6. to contract
7. to put away

Synonyms

• (to disappear):

• 不見／不见 (bùjiàn)
• 奭 (shì) (literary, or in compounds)
• 泯絕／泯绝 (mǐnjué) (literary)
• 消亡 (xiāowáng)
• 消失 (xiāoshī)
• 消散 (xiāosàn)
• 消滅／消灭 (xiāomiè)
• 消融 (xiāoróng)
• 消逝 (xiāoshì)
• 蒸發／蒸发 (zhēngfā) (figurative)
• 絕滅／绝灭 (juémiè)
• 遠去／远去 (yuǎnqù)

 

• (to restrict):

• 主宰 (zhǔzǎi)
• 主張／主张 (zhǔzhāng) (archaic)
• 克制 (kèzhì)
• 克治 (kèzhì) (literary)
• 制約／制约 (zhìyuē)
• 君 (jūn) (literary)
• 執掌／执掌 (zhízhǎng)
• 壓制／压制 (yāzhì)
• 局 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 局限 (júxiàn)
• 左右 (zuǒyòu)
• 把
• 抑制 (yìzhì)
• 把持 (bǎchí)
• 把控 (bǎkòng)
• 把攬／把揽 (bǎlǎn)
• 抵制 (dǐzhì)
• 拘束 (jūshù)
• 按 (àn)
• 按捺 (ànnà) (usually in the negative)
• 控 (literary, or in compounds)
• 控制 (kòngzhì)
• 掌控 (zhǎngkòng)
• 掌握 (zhǎngwò)
• 提控 (tíkòng) (literary)
• 撥弄／拨弄 (bōnòng)
• 撙節／撙节 (zǔnjié)
• 操控 (cāokòng)
• 操縱／操纵 (cāozòng)
• 擺佈／摆布 (bǎibù)
• 擺治／摆治 (bǎizhì) (regional)
• 支配 (zhīpèi)
• 束 (literary, or in compounds)
• 束縛／束缚 (shùfù)
• 柄 (literary, or in compounds)
• 框 (kuàng)
• 禁錮／禁锢 (jìngù) (figurative)
• 積壓／积压 (jīyā) (figurative)
• 節制／节制 (jiézhì)
• 管制 (guǎnzhì)
• 管束 (guǎnshù)
• 約束／约束 (yuēshù)
• 統御／统御 (tǒngyù) (literary)
• 統治／统治 (tǒngzhì)
• 羈束／羁束 (jīshù) (literary)
• 裁 (cái) (literary, or in compounds)
• 遏抑 (èyì) (literary)
• 鎮／镇 (zhèn)
• 限 (xiàn)
• 限乏 (Xiamen Hokkien)
• 限制 (xiànzhì)
• 駕／驾 (jià)
• 駕馭／驾驭 (jiàyù) (figurative)

 

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “to converge”): 發散／发散 (fāsàn)

Derived terms

• 一致收斂／一致收敛
• 收斂劑／收敛剂
• 收斂性／收敛性 (shōuliǎnxìng)
• 收斂數列／收敛数列
• 收斂級數／收敛级数
• 收斂藥／收敛药

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (收斂):

• → Japanese: 収斂(しゅうれん) (shūren)

See also

• 含蓄 (hánxù)