lang
English edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Received Pronunciation) enPR: lăng; IPA(key): /læŋ/
Audio (Southern England) (file)
- (General American) enPR: lāng; IPA(key): /leɪŋ/
- Rhymes: -æŋ, -eɪŋ
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
lang (plural langs)
- Abbreviation of language
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Adjective edit
lang (comparative langer, superlative langest)
- (obsolete outside Northumbria) long
Usage notes edit
- "Lang" was still used for "long" in several northern English dialects at the time of the Survey of English Dialects, but it is now virtually extinct.
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “lang”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
Anagrams edit
Alemannic German edit
Etymology edit
From Middle High German lanc, from Old High German lang, from Proto-West Germanic *lang. Cognate with German lang, Dutch lang, English long, Icelandic langur.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
lang (comparative lenger, superlative lengscht)
Declension edit
Declension of lang | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | ||
Weak inflection | nominative/accusative | langi | langi | langi | lange |
dative | lange | lange | lange | lange | |
Strong inflection | nominative/accusative | lange | langi | langs | langi |
dative | lange | lange | lange | lange |
Danish edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse langr, from Proto-Germanic *langaz (“long”), cognate with Swedish lång, English long, German lang. The adjective goes back to Proto-Indo-European *dlongʰos, *dl̥h₁gʰós (“long”), which is also the source of Latin longus, Ancient Greek δολιχός (dolikhós).
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
lang (neuter langt, plural and definite singular attributive lange, comparative længere, superlative (predicative) længst, superlative (attributive) længste)
- long (having great distance)
Further reading edit
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Dutch lanc, from Old Dutch *lang, from Proto-West Germanic *lang, from Proto-Germanic *langaz.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
lang (comparative langer, superlative langst)
- long
- Antonym: kort
- Het was een lange dag.
- It was a long day.
- tall
- long (time), lengthy, a long time
- Het duurt lang.
- It takes a long time.
- Wie heeft het langst gespeeld?
- Who played longest?
Inflection edit
Inflection of lang | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
uninflected | lang | |||
inflected | lange | |||
comparative | langer | |||
positive | comparative | superlative | ||
predicative/adverbial | lang | langer | het langst het langste | |
indefinite | m./f. sing. | lange | langere | langste |
n. sing. | lang | langer | langste | |
plural | lange | langere | langste | |
definite | lange | langere | langste | |
partitive | langs | langers | — |
Derived terms edit
- boomlang
- dagenlang
- jarenlang
- langdradig
- langdurig
- langgerekt
- langsnavelkaketoe
- langsnavelraafkaketoe
- levenslang
- maandenlang
- onlangs
- urenlang
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
- Afrikaans: lank
- Berbice Creole Dutch: langgi
- Jersey Dutch: lānk
- Negerhollands: lang, laṅ
- → Sranan Tongo: langa
Adverb edit
lang
- (with negation) by far
- Lang niet iedereen houdt van vlees.
- Not everyone by far likes meat.
East Central German edit
Adverb edit
lang
- (Erzgebirgisch) already
- Synonym: schu
- Ich saat ja lang, doß die Predigerschul in Berlin is und "Paulinium" haaßt.
- I already said, that the Preacher school is in Berlin and is called "Paulinium."
Further reading edit
- 1982 Karl-Heinz Schmidt, Itze schlöft dr Pastor ei : Heiteres aus dem Erzgebirge. P. 12
German edit
Etymology edit
From Middle High German lanc, from Old High German lang, from Proto-West Germanic *lang, from Proto-Germanic *langaz.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
lang (strong nominative masculine singular langer, comparative länger, superlative am längsten)
- long; lengthy (in space or time)
- Antonym: kurz
- (of a person) tall
- Synonym: (commoner) groß
- (with units of time, chiefly Jahre) many (indicating the length of the time in total)
- Synonym: viel
- Er hat lange Jahre damit verbracht, diese Frage zu erörtern.
- He spent many years reasoning about this question.
Declension edit
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
predicative | er ist lang | sie ist lang | es ist lang | sie sind lang | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | langer | lange | langes | lange |
genitive | langen | langer | langen | langer | |
dative | langem | langer | langem | langen | |
accusative | langen | lange | langes | lange | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der lange | die lange | das lange | die langen |
genitive | des langen | der langen | des langen | der langen | |
dative | dem langen | der langen | dem langen | den langen | |
accusative | den langen | die lange | das lange | die langen | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein langer | eine lange | ein langes | (keine) langen |
genitive | eines langen | einer langen | eines langen | (keiner) langen | |
dative | einem langen | einer langen | einem langen | (keinen) langen | |
accusative | einen langen | eine lange | ein langes | (keine) langen |
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
predicative | er ist länger | sie ist länger | es ist länger | sie sind länger | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | längerer | längere | längeres | längere |
genitive | längeren | längerer | längeren | längerer | |
dative | längerem | längerer | längerem | längeren | |
accusative | längeren | längere | längeres | längere | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der längere | die längere | das längere | die längeren |
genitive | des längeren | der längeren | des längeren | der längeren | |
dative | dem längeren | der längeren | dem längeren | den längeren | |
accusative | den längeren | die längere | das längere | die längeren | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein längerer | eine längere | ein längeres | (keine) längeren |
genitive | eines längeren | einer längeren | eines längeren | (keiner) längeren | |
dative | einem längeren | einer längeren | einem längeren | (keinen) längeren | |
accusative | einen längeren | eine längere | ein längeres | (keine) längeren |
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
predicative | er ist am längsten | sie ist am längsten | es ist am längsten | sie sind am längsten | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | längster | längste | längstes | längste |
genitive | längsten | längster | längsten | längster | |
dative | längstem | längster | längstem | längsten | |
accusative | längsten | längste | längstes | längste | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der längste | die längste | das längste | die längsten |
genitive | des längsten | der längsten | des längsten | der längsten | |
dative | dem längsten | der längsten | dem längsten | den längsten | |
accusative | den längsten | die längste | das längste | die längsten | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein längster | eine längste | ein längstes | (keine) längsten |
genitive | eines längsten | einer längsten | eines längsten | (keiner) längsten | |
dative | einem längsten | einer längsten | einem längsten | (keinen) längsten | |
accusative | einen längsten | eine längste | ein längstes | (keine) längsten |
Antonyms edit
Derived terms edit
- jahrelang
- Länge
- Langeweile
- langmachen
- langschwänzig
- langweilig
- langwierig
- monatelang
- stundenlang
- überlang
- verlängern
- wochenlang
- Vokuhila
Adverb edit
lang
- (chiefly colloquial, but also found in formal style) Alternative form of lange
- Der Ausflug hat lang gedauert.
- The trip took quite long.
- long, sprawled, stretched (physically)
- Er lag lang auf der Erde.
- He lay sprawled on the ground.
Postposition edit
lang (+ accusative)
- for (temporal)
- Er ist ein Jahr lang um die Welt gereist.
- He travelled around the world for one year.
- Ich habe mein ganzes Leben lang die Relativitätstheorie studiert.
- I studied relativistic physics my entire life.
- 2010, Der Spiegel[1], number 34/2010, page 87:
- Die Pharmakonzerne müssen ihre Preise nun drei Jahre lang auf dem Niveau vom Sommer 2009 einfrieren.
- The pharmaceutical companies now have to freeze their prices for three years at the level of summer 2009.
- (chiefly colloquial, but also found in formal style) Alternative form of entlang
- Gehen Sie einfach diese Straße lang!
- Just go along this street!
- Wo lang? Hier lang!
- Which way? This way!
Verb edit
lang
Further reading edit
Haitian Creole edit
Etymology edit
From French langue (“language”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
lang
Synonyms edit
Hokkien edit
For pronunciation and definitions of lang – see 櫳 (“sparse”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 櫳). |
Hunsrik edit
Etymology edit
From Middle High German lanc, from Old High German lang.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
lang (comparative lenger, superlative lengest)
Declension edit
Declension of lang (see also Appendix:Hunsrik adjectives) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | ||
Weak inflection | nominative | lang | lang | lang | lange |
accusative | lange | lang | lang | lange | |
dative | lange | lange | lange | lange | |
Strong inflection | nominative | langer | lange | langes | lange |
accusative | lange | lange | langes | lange | |
dative | langem | langer | langem | lange |
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
Icelandic edit
Noun edit
lang m
Indonesian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
lang (plural lang-lang, first-person possessive langku, second-person possessive langmu, third-person possessive langnya)
Etymology 2 edit
From Betawi [Term?], probably from Dutch lang (“tall”), from Middle Dutch lanc, from Old Dutch *lang, from Proto-Germanic *langaz.
Noun edit
lang (plural lang-lang, first-person possessive langku, second-person possessive langmu, third-person possessive langnya)
- tiered table
Further reading edit
- “lang” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Lashi edit
Pronunciation edit
Classifier edit
lang
- Classifier for big moving objects, like a river.
References edit
- Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid[2], Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis)
Low German edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Low German lang, from Old Saxon lang, from Proto-West Germanic *lang. Cognate to German lang, Dutch lang, English long.
Adjective edit
lang (comparative länger, superlative längst)
Declension edit
gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | all genders | ||
predicative | he is lang | se is lang | dat is lang | se sünd lang | |
partitive | een Langs | een Langs | wat Langs | allens Lang | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | lange | lange | lang | lange |
oblique | langen | lange | lang | lange | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | de lange | de lange | dat lange | de langen |
oblique | den langen | de lange | dat lange | de langen | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | en lange/langen | en lange | en lang/langet | (keen) langen |
oblique | en langen | en lange | en lang/langet | (keen) langen |
gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | all genders | ||
predicative | he is länger | se is länger | dat is länger | se sünd länger | |
partitive | een längers | een längers | wat längers | allens länger | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | längere | längere | länger | längere |
oblique | längern | längere | länger | längere | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | de längere | de längere | dat längere | de längern |
oblique | den längern | de längere | dat längere | de längern | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | en längere/längeren | en längere | en länger | (keen) längern |
oblique | en längern | en längere | en länger | (keen) längern |
gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | all genders | ||
predicative | he is de Längste | se is de Längste | dat is dat Längste | se sünd de Längsten | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | längste | längste | längst | längste |
oblique | längsten | längste | längst | längste | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | de längste | de längste | dat längste | de längsten |
oblique | den längsten | de längste | dat längste | de längsten | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | en längste/längsten | en längste | en längst | (keen) längsten |
oblique | en längsten | en längste | en längst | (keen) längsten |
Note: This declension is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects. |
---|
Ludian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *lanka.
Noun edit
lang
- A yarn.
Malay edit
Etymology edit
From Austroasiatic; compare Bahnar klang, Pacoh calang, Khmer ខ្លែង (khlaeng), Mang laːŋ¹, Central Nicobarese [Nancowry] kalâng and Chong kʰlaːˀŋ. Doublet of elang and helang.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
lang (Jawi spelling لڠ, plural lang-lang, informal 1st possessive langku, 2nd possessive langmu, 3rd possessive langnya)
References edit
- Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “الڠ lang”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 116
- Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “لڠ lang”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 599
- Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “lang”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume II, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, pages 15-6
Further reading edit
- “lang” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Mandarin edit
Romanization edit
lang
- Nonstandard spelling of lāng.
- Nonstandard spelling of láng.
- Nonstandard spelling of lǎng.
- Nonstandard spelling of làng.
Usage notes edit
- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Masbatenyo edit
Adverb edit
lang
Mato edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
lang
References edit
- Phonological Descriptions of Papua New Guinea Languages (2005, SIL, edited by Steve Parker), section Mato (Nenaya, Nengaya, Nineia) Language, page 28: lang [ˈlɑŋ] 'water'
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Adjective edit
lang (neuter singular langt, definite singular and plural lange, comparative lengre, indefinite superlative lengst, definite superlative lengste)
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “lang” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse langr. Akin to English long.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
lang (masculine and feminine lang, neuter langt, definite singular and plural lange, comparative lengre, indefinite superlative lengst, definite superlative lengste)
- long (of physical length)
- Når fekk du det lange håret?
- When did you get such long hair?
- long (of duration)
- Denne filmen var lang.
- This movie was long.
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “lang” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Nyishi edit
Numeral edit
lang
Old English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-West Germanic *lang, from Proto-Germanic *langaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dlongʰos.
Cognate with Old Frisian long, Old Saxon lang, Old High German lang, Old Norse langr, Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍃 (laggs), and outside of Germanic, with Latin longus.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
lang (comparative lengra, superlative lenġest)
- long
- late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' The Consolation of Philosophy
- Iċ onġiete þæt iċ þē hæbbe āþrotenne mid þȳ langan spelle.
- I can see I've bored you with that long tangent.
- preface to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, manuscript E
- Bretene īeġland is eahta hund mīla lang and twā hund brād.
- The island of Britain is eight hundred miles long and two hundred miles wide.
- late 9th century, Old English Martyrology
- Þonne blōtmōnaþ ġeendaþ, þonne biþ sēo niht sixtīene tīda lang and sē dæġ eahta tīda.
- At the end of November, the nights are sixteen hours long and the days are eight hours.
- Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Manuscript A, year 893
- Sē wudu is ēastlang and westlang hundtwelftiġes mīla lang oþþe lengra and þrītiġes mīla brād.
- The forest is 120 miles long or longer from east to west, and 30 miles wide.
- late 9th century, Old English Martyrology
- On þā swīðran healfe þām ingange is stǣnen bedd seofon fōta lang and þrim mundum hīere þonne þæs hūses flōr.
- To the right of the entrance, there is a stone bed that is seven feet long and three hands higher than the floor of the house.
- late 9th century, anonymous translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
- Ne wēne iċ, nū iċ lang spell hæbbe tō seċġenne, þæt iċ hīe on þisse bēċ ġeendian mæġe, ac iċ ōðre onġinnan sċeal.
- Since I have some long stories to tell, I don't think I can finish them in this book, so I'll have to start another one.
- c. 996, Ælfric's Lives of Saints
- Hē ǣt þā and dranc and eft wearþ on slǣpe, ac sē enġel hine āwreahte ōðre sīðe and cwæþ, "Ārīs hraðe and et. Þū hæfst swīðe langne weġ."
- Then he ate and drank and went back to sleep, but the angel woke him up a second time and said, "Come on, get up and eat. You have a very long journey ahead of you."
- Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Manuscript A, year 897
- Þā hēt Ælfrēd cyning timbran langsċipu onġēan þā æscas. Þā wǣron fulnēah twā swā lang swā þā ōðru. Sumu hæfdon sixtiġ āra, sumu mā. Þā wǣron ǣġðer ġe swiftran ġe unwealtran ġe ēac hīeran þonne þā ōðru; nǣron nāwðer ne on Frīsisċ ġesċeapen ne on Denisċ, ac swā him selfum þūhte þæt hīe nytwierðest bēon meahten.
- Then King Alfred had longships built to oppose the askar [small, light Viking ships used for raids]. They were almost twice as long as the others. Some had 60 oars, some more. They were both swifter and steadier as well as higher than the others, and they were not based on Frisian design or Danish, but on what he himself thought would be the most useful.
- c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English
- Ān nama is þissum ġelīċe on ġeendunge and nā on andġiete: hic senior ("þēs ealda mann oþþe ealdor"). Þā ōðre sind ealle mǣst werlīċes cynnes (hic doctor "þēs lārēow," hic salīnātor "þēs sealtere"), and ealle unlīchamlīċe (hic furor "þēos hātheortnes," horror "ōga," labor "ġeswinc," sūdor "swāt," pallor "blācung," pudor "sċamu," decor "wlite," calor "hǣtu," fervor "wielm," rubor "rēadnes oþþe sċamu," algor "ċiele"), and ealle þās and ōðre þyslīċe habbaþ langne ō on ġebīeġedum fiellum.
- One noun is like these in ending but not in meaning: hic senior ("this old person or elder"). The others are almost all masculine (hic doctor "this teacher," hic salinator "this salter"), including all the abstract nouns (hic furor "this fury," horror "horror," labor "labor," sudor "sweat," pallor "paleless," pudor "shame," decor "beauty," calor "heat," fervor "boiling heat," rubor "redness or shame," algor "coldness"), and all of these and others like them have a long o in inflected cases.
- late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' The Consolation of Philosophy
- tall
- c. 1000, unknown author, Vercelli Homily IX
- Ġif hwelċ mann biþ on helle āne niht, þonne biþ him lēofre þæt hē hangiġe seofon þūsende wintra on þām lenġestan treowe ufeweardum.
- Anyone who spends one day in hell would rather hang for seven thousand years from the top of the tallest tree.
- late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' The Consolation of Philosophy
- Þæt is nū þæs līchaman gōd þæt man sīe fæġer, and strang, and lang, and brād, and manegu ōðru gōd ēac þām.
- The virtues of the body are that a person is beautiful, strong, tall, and broad, and many other virtues besides these.
- c. 996, Ælfric's Lives of Saints
- Þā ġeseah hē onġemang ōðrum twēġen ġeonge cneohtas, þæt hīe wǣron wlitiġe on hīewe and lange on wæstmum.
- Then he (Trajan) spotted two boys in the crowd and noticed they were beautiful in appearance and tall in stature.
- c. 1000, unknown author, Vercelli Homily IX
Declension edit
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | lang | lang | lang |
Accusative | langne | lange | lang |
Genitive | langes | langre | langes |
Dative | langum | langre | langum |
Instrumental | lange | langre | lange |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | lange | langa, lange | lang |
Accusative | lange | langa, lange | lang |
Genitive | langra | langra | langra |
Dative | langum | langum | langum |
Instrumental | langum | langum | langum |
Antonyms edit
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
Old High German edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-West Germanic *lang, related to Old English lang, Old Norse langr.
Adjective edit
lang
Descendants edit
Old Saxon edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-West Germanic *lang.
Adjective edit
lang
Declension edit
Descendants edit
Pennsylvania German edit
Etymology edit
From Middle High German lanc, from Old High German lang. Compare German lang, Dutch lang, English long.
Adjective edit
lang
Plautdietsch edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Low German lanc, from Old Saxon lang.
Adjective edit
lang
- long (in time)
Scots edit
Etymology edit
From Middle English lang, from Old English lang (“long, tall, lasting”). Cognate with English long.
Adjective edit
lang (comparative langer, superlative langest)
Adverb edit
lang (comparative langer, superlative langest)
Derived terms edit
Tagalog edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Contraction of laang or lamang.
Pronunciation edit
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈlaŋ/, [ˈlaŋ]
- Rhymes: -aŋ
Adverb edit
lang (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜅ᜔)
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “lang”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
Tok Pisin edit
Noun edit
lang
- A fly (insect).
Veps edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *lanka, probably borrowed from Proto-Germanic *langô. Cognate with Finnish lanka.
Noun edit
lang
Declension edit
Inflection of lang (inflection type 5/sana) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative sing. | lang | ||
genitive sing. | langan | ||
partitive sing. | langad | ||
partitive plur. | langoid | ||
singular | plural | ||
nominative | lang | langad | |
accusative | langan | langad | |
genitive | langan | langoiden | |
partitive | langad | langoid | |
essive-instructive | langan | langoin | |
translative | langaks | langoikš | |
inessive | langas | langoiš | |
elative | langaspäi | langoišpäi | |
illative | langaha | langoihe | |
adessive | langal | langoil | |
ablative | langalpäi | langoilpäi | |
allative | langale | langoile | |
abessive | langata | langoita | |
comitative | langanke | langoidenke | |
prolative | langadme | langoidme | |
approximative I | langanno | langoidenno | |
approximative II | langannoks | langoidennoks | |
egressive | langannopäi | langoidennopäi | |
terminative I | langahasai | langoihesai | |
terminative II | langalesai | langoilesai | |
terminative III | langassai | — | |
additive I | langahapäi | langoihepäi | |
additive II | langalepäi | langoilepäi |
Vietnamese edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Adjective edit
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
- (only in compounds) sweet potato
Derived terms edit
Etymology 3 edit
Sino-Vietnamese word from 郎.
Noun edit
lang