γλοιός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

If from *γλοιϝός (*gloiwós), the word agrees with Proto-Slavic *glěvъ (“slime”). If, however, it derives from *γλοιι̯ός (*gloii̯ós), the word may correspond to Proto-Germanic *klajjaz (“clay”). All these words derive from Proto-Indo-European *gley- (“to glue, paste, stick together”). See also γλίνη (glínē, “any viscous substance”), γλία (glía, “glue”), γλίσχρος (glískhros, “sticky, penurious”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ɡloi̯.ós/ → /ɣlyˈos/ → /ɣliˈos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɡloi̯.ós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ɡlyˈos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɣlyˈos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ɣlyˈos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ɣliˈos/

Noun

γλοιός • (gloiós) m (genitive γλοιοῦ); second declension

1. any glutinous substance, gum
2. mud, mire, sludge
3. oil and dirt scraped off with the strigil
4. oily sediment in baths
5. oil used as lube for machines

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ γλοιός; τοῦ γλοιοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ γλοιός ho gloiós	τὼ γλοιώ tṑ gloiṓ	οἱ γλοιοί hoi gloioí
Genitive	τοῦ γλοιοῦ toû gloioû	τοῖν γλοιοῖν toîn gloioîn	τῶν γλοιῶν tôn gloiôn
Dative	τῷ γλοιῷ tôi gloiôi	τοῖν γλοιοῖν toîn gloioîn	τοῖς γλοιοῖς toîs gloioîs
Accusative	τὸν γλοιόν tòn gloión	τὼ γλοιώ tṑ gloiṓ	τοὺς γλοιούς toùs gloioús
Vocative	γλοιέ gloié	γλοιώ gloiṓ	γλοιοί gloioí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Adjective

γλοιός • (gloiós) m (feminine γλοιᾱ́, neuter γλοιόν); first/second declension

1. slippery, knavish

Inflection

First and second declension of γλοιός; γλοιᾱ́; γλοιόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		γλοιός gloiós	γλοιᾱ́ gloiā́	γλοιόν gloión		γλοιώ gloiṓ	γλοιᾱ́ gloiā́	γλοιώ gloiṓ		γλοιοί gloioí	γλοιαί gloiaí	γλοιᾰ́ gloiá
Genitive		γλοιοῦ gloioû	γλοιᾶς gloiâs	γλοιοῦ gloioû		γλοιοῖν gloioîn	γλοιαῖν gloiaîn	γλοιοῖν gloioîn		γλοιῶν gloiôn	γλοιῶν gloiôn	γλοιῶν gloiôn
Dative		γλοιῷ gloiôi	γλοιᾷ gloiâi	γλοιῷ gloiôi		γλοιοῖν gloioîn	γλοιαῖν gloiaîn	γλοιοῖν gloioîn		γλοιοῖς gloioîs	γλοιαῖς gloiaîs	γλοιοῖς gloioîs
Accusative		γλοιόν gloión	γλοιᾱ́ν gloiā́n	γλοιόν gloión		γλοιώ gloiṓ	γλοιᾱ́ gloiā́	γλοιώ gloiṓ		γλοιούς gloioús	γλοιᾱ́ς gloiā́s	γλοιᾰ́ gloiá
Vocative		γλοιέ gloié	γλοιᾱ́ gloiā́	γλοιόν gloión		γλοιώ gloiṓ	γλοιᾱ́ gloiā́	γλοιώ gloiṓ		γλοιοί gloioí	γλοιαί gloiaí	γλοιᾰ́ gloiá
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		γλοιῶς gloiôs				γλοιότερος gloióteros				γλοιότᾰτος gloiótatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• γλοιάζω (gloiázō)
• γλοιάς (gloiás)
• γλοιάφιον (gloiáphion)
• γλοίης (gloíēs)
• γλοιοποιέω (gloiopoiéō)
• γλοιοπότις (gloiopótis)
• γλοιόω (gloióō)
• γλοιώδης (gloiṓdēs)

 

References

• “γλοιός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “γλοιός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• γλοιός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• γλοιός in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN