Wiktionary

mud

See also: MUD, müd, and muð

English edit

 
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Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Middle English mud, mudde, mode, probably a borrowing from Middle Dutch mod, modde or Middle Low German mudde, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *mud-, *mudra- (“mud”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *mū-, *mew- (“moist”).

Cognate with Saterland Frisian Mudde (“mud”), Middle High German mot (“mud”), Swedish modd (“slush”). Compare also suffixed variants West Frisian modder (“mud”), Dutch modder (“mud”), German Low German Mudder (“mud”), German Moder (“moldiness, mildew, decay”), English mother (“vinegar-forming sediment in alcohol”), Danish mudder (“mud”).

Alternative etymology suggests the Proto-Germanic word is possibly borrowed from a Uralic language (compare e.g. Finnish muta (“mud”), Northern Sami mođđi (“mud”), from Proto-Uralic *muďa).[1]

Noun edit

mud (countable and uncountable, plural muds)

  1. A mixture of water and soil or fine grained sediment.
  2. A plaster-like mixture used to texture or smooth drywall.
  3. (construction industry slang) Wet concrete as it is being mixed, delivered and poured.
  4. (figuratively) Willfully abusive, even slanderous remarks or claims, notably between political opponents.
    The campaign issues got lost in all the mud from both parties.
  5. (slang) Money, dough, especially when proceeding from dirty business.
  6. (gay sex, slang) Stool that is exposed as a result of anal sex.
  7. (geology) A particle less than 62.5 microns in diameter, following the Wentworth scale
  8. (slang, derogatory, ethnic slur) A black person.
    • 2013, Bill Pezza, Homegrown:
      That includes muds, spics, kikes and niggers.
    • 2015, Christian Picciolini, Romantic Violence: Memoirs of an American Skinhead:
      How could they be so gullible to think peace and love could be achieved with the muds burning down our cities […]
  9. Drilling fluid.
  10. (slang, originally US) Coffee.
  11. (slang) Opium.
  12. (slang) Heroin.
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Translations edit

Verb edit

mud (third-person singular simple present muds, present participle mudding, simple past and past participle mudded)

  1. (transitive) To make muddy or dirty; to apply mud to (something).
  2. (transitive) To make turbid.
  3. (intransitive) To go under the mud, as an eel does.
Translations edit

Etymology 2 edit

From Dutch mud, from West Germanic, from Latin modius. Doublet of modius and muid.

Noun edit

mud (plural muds or mudden)

  1. (historical) A traditional Dutch unit of dry measure of variable size, frequently about 3 bushels.
  2. (historical) A traditional Dutch unit of land area, vaguely reckoned as the amount of land required to sow a mud of seed.
  3. (historical) A kind of box traditionally used in the Netherlands for measuring muds.
Synonyms edit

Etymology 3 edit

From MUD.

Verb edit

mud (third-person singular simple present muds, present participle mudding, simple past and past participle mudded)

  1. (intransitive, Internet) To participate in a MUD or multi-user dungeon.
    • 1997, Philip Agre, Douglas Schuler, Reinventing technology, rediscovering community, page 153:
      Wizards, in general, have a very different experience of mudding than other players. Because of their palpable and extensive extra powers over other players, and because of their special role in MUD society, they are frequently treated differently […]

References edit

  1. ^ Aikio, Ante. 2002. "New and Old Samoyed Etymologies". Finnisch-Ugrische Forschungen 57, pp. 9–57.

Further reading edit

Anagrams edit

Breton edit

Adjective edit

mud

  1. mute

Dutch edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

Ultimately from Latin modius (“bushel”).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

mud n (plural mudden, diminutive mudje n or muddeken n)

  1. An old measure of volume, varying in content over time and regions; nowadays usually 1 hectoliter
    Een mud is zo'n 70 kilo aardappelen
    One mud is about 70 kg of potatoes
  2. A wooden container having such content; again used as measure for bulk wares sold in it, such as cereals
  3. A land measure, presumably supposedly the area sown with that much seed
  4. A small measure for liquids, about 1 deciliter

Derived terms edit

Sumerian edit

Romanization edit

mud

  1. Romanization of 𒄷𒄭 (mud)

Volapük edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

mud

  1. mouth

Declension edit

declension of mud
singular plural
nominative mud muds
genitive muda mudas
dative mude mudes
accusative mudi mudis
vocative 1 o mud! o muds!
predicative 2 mudu mudus
  • 1 status as a case is disputed
  • 2 in later, non-classical Volapük only

Welsh edit

Etymology edit

From Middle Welsh mut, from Proto-Brythonic *mʉd, from Latin mūtus.

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

mud (feminine singular mud, plural mudion, not comparable)

  1. mute, dumb, silent (unable or unwilling to speak)

Derived terms edit

nouns

Mutation edit

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
mud fud unchanged unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading edit

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “mud”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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