μακρός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *makrós, from Proto-Indo-European *mh₂ḱrós, from *meh₂ḱ- (“to increase”). By surface analysis, μῆκος (mêkos) +‎ -ρός (-rós). Cognates include Latin macer and Old English mæger.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ma.krós/ → /maˈkros/ → /maˈkros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ma.krós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /maˈkros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /maˈkros/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /maˈkros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /maˈkros/

Adjective

μᾰκρός • (makrós) m (feminine μᾰκρᾱ́, neuter μᾰκρόν); first/second declension

1. long
2. tall, deep
3. far, distant
4. (time) long
5. (grammar, of vowels) long

Inflection

First and second declension of μᾰκρός; μᾰκρᾱ́; μᾰκρόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		μᾰκρός makrós	μᾰκρᾱ́ makrā́	μᾰκρόν makrón		μᾰκρώ makrṓ	μᾰκρᾱ́ makrā́	μᾰκρώ makrṓ		μᾰκροί makroí	μᾰκραί makraí	μᾰκρᾰ́ makrá
Genitive		μᾰκροῦ makroû	μᾰκρᾶς makrâs	μᾰκροῦ makroû		μᾰκροῖν makroîn	μᾰκραῖν makraîn	μᾰκροῖν makroîn		μᾰκρῶν makrôn	μᾰκρῶν makrôn	μᾰκρῶν makrôn
Dative		μᾰκρῷ makrôi	μᾰκρᾷ makrâi	μᾰκρῷ makrôi		μᾰκροῖν makroîn	μᾰκραῖν makraîn	μᾰκροῖν makroîn		μᾰκροῖς makroîs	μᾰκραῖς makraîs	μᾰκροῖς makroîs
Accusative		μᾰκρόν makrón	μᾰκρᾱ́ν makrā́n	μᾰκρόν makrón		μᾰκρώ makrṓ	μᾰκρᾱ́ makrā́	μᾰκρώ makrṓ		μᾰκρούς makroús	μᾰκρᾱ́ς makrā́s	μᾰκρᾰ́ makrá
Vocative		μᾰκρέ makré	μᾰκρᾱ́ makrā́	μᾰκρόν makrón		μᾰκρώ makrṓ	μᾰκρᾱ́ makrā́	μᾰκρώ makrṓ		μᾰκροί makroí	μᾰκραί makraí	μᾰκρᾰ́ makrá
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		μακρῶς makrôs				μακρότερος / μάσσων makróteros / mássōn				μακρότατος / μήκιστος makrótatos / mḗkistos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “long”): βραχύς (brakhús)

Derived terms

• μᾰκραίων (makraíōn)
• μᾰκρᾱ́ν (makrā́n)
• μᾰκραύχην (makraúkhēn)
• μᾰκρηγορέω (makrēgoréō)
• μᾰκρηγορίᾱ (makrēgoríā)
• μᾰκρόβιος (makróbios)
• μᾰκροβιότης (makrobiótēs)
• μᾰκρογόγγυλος (makrogóngulos)
• μάκροθεν (mákrothen)
• μᾰκροθῡμέω (makrothūméō)
• μᾰκροθῡμίᾱ (makrothūmíā)
• μᾰκρόθῡμος (makróthūmos)
• μᾰκροκέφαλος (makroképhalos)
• μᾰκρολογέω (makrologéō)
• μᾰκρολογίᾱ (makrologíā)
• μᾰκρολόγος (makrológos)
• μᾰκρόουρος (makróouros)
• μᾰκροτέρως (makrotérōs)
• μᾰκρότης (makrótēs)
• μᾰκρότονος (makrótonos)
• μᾰκροτράχηλος (makrotrákhēlos)
• μᾰκρύνω (makrúnō)
• μάκρων (mákrōn)
• ὑπόμᾰκρος (hupómakros)

 

Related terms

• μῆκος (mêkos, “length”)

Descendants

• English: macro-, macron (via μακρόν (makrón))
• Latin: macrochaeta

Further reading

• “μακρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “μακρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “μακρός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• μακρός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• μακρός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “μακρός”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G3117 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • ample idem, page 28.
  • big idem, page 78.
  • capacious idem, page 111.
  • circuitous idem, page 132.
  • commodious idem, page 148.
  • distant idem, page 240.
  • extensive idem, page 296.
  • far idem, page 306.
  • great idem, page 372.
  • lank idem, page 476.
  • large idem, page 476.
  • lengthy idem, page 485.
  • lingering idem, page 493.
  • livelong idem, page 496.
  • long idem, page 498.
  • long-winded idem, page 498.
  • palatial idem, page 589.
  • prolix idem, page 653.
  • prolong idem, page 653.
  • remote idem, page 694.
  • roundabout idem, page 723.
  • spacious idem, page 797.
  • tedious idem, page 859.
  • verbose idem, page 948.
  • voluminous idem, page 956.
  • windy idem, page 981.
  • wordy idem, page 988.
• “μακρός”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, 2011